3.

1 A woman having a mass of 70 kg stands in an elevator

which has a downward acceleration of 4 m/s 2 starting from
rest. Determine the work done by her weight and the work
of the normal force which the floor exerts on her when the
elevator descends 6 m . Explain why the work of these
forces is different.
3.2 A 1500 -lb crate is pulled along the ground at a constant
speed for a distance of 25 ft, using a cable that makes an
angle of 15° with the horizontal. Determine the tension in the
cable and the work done by this force. The coefficient of
kinetic friction between the ground and the crate is  k =
0.55.
3.3 When the driver applies the brakes of a light tr uck
traveling 40 km/h, it skids 3 m before stopping. How far will
the truck skid if it is traveling 80 km/h when the brakes are
applied?

Prob. 3.3
3.4 The 100 -kg crate is subjected to forces F1 = 800 N and
F2  1.5 kN , as shown. If it is originally at rest, determine

the distance it slides in order to attain a speed of v = 6 m/s.

The coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the
surface is  = 0.2.
k
3.5 The 2-kg block is subjected to a force having a constant
direction and a magnitude o f F = [300/(1 + s)] N, where s
is in meters. When s = 4 m, the block is moving to the left
with a speed of 8 m/s.
Determine its speed when
s = 12 m. The coefficient
of kinetic friction between
the block and the ground
is = 0.25.
3.6 A 1050-kg trailer is hitched to a 1200-kg car. The car and trailer
are traveling at 80 km/h when the driver applies the brakes on both
the car and the trailer. Knowing that the braking forces exerted
on the car and the trailer are 4500 N and 3600 N, respectively,
determine (a) the distance traveled by the car and trailer before
they come to rest, (b) the horizontal component of the force
exerted by the trailer hitch on the car.

Prob. 3.6
3.7 The 20 - lb crate has a

velocity of v A = 12 ft/s
when it is at A . Determine
its velocity after it slides s
= 6 ft down the plane.
The coefficient of kinetic
friction between the crate
and the plane is k = 0.2. Prob. 3.7
3.8 The subway train shown is traveling at a speed of 45 mi/h
when the brakes are fully applied on the wheels of cars A and B ,
causing them to slide on the track, but are not applied on the
wheels of car C. Knowing that the coefficient of kinetic
friction is 0.3 between the
wheels and the track,
determine (a) the distance
required to bring the train Prob. 3.8
to a stop, (b) the force in each coupling
 .
3.9 If the motor exerts a
force of F = (600 + 2s2) N
on the cable, determine
the speed of the 100 kg
crate when it rises to s =
15 m. The crate is initially
at rest on the ground

Prob. 3.9
3.10 The conveyor belt delivers each 12 kg crate to the
-

ramp at A such that the crate's velocity is v A = 2.5 m/s,

directed down along the ramp. If the coefficient of kinetic

friction between each cra te and the ramp is k = 0.3,

determine the speed at which each crate slides off the ramp
at B. Assume that no tipping occurs.

Prob. 3.10
3.11 Determine the velocity of the 60 -lb block A if the two
blocks are released
from rest and the 40-lb
block B moves 2 ft up
the incline. The
coefficient of kinetic

friction between both

blocks and the inclined

planes is  k = 0.1.
Prob. 3.11
3.12 When s = 0.6 m, the
spring is unstretched and the
10 kg block has a speed of 5
m/s down the smooth plane.
Determine the distance s
when the block stops.
Prob. 3.12
3.13 Determine the required height h of the roller coaster so
that when it is essentially at rest at the crest of the hill it will
reach a speed of 100 km/h when it comes to the bottom. Also,
what should be the minimum radius of curvature  for the
track at B so that the passengers do not experience a normal
force greater than 4 mg = (39.24m) N? Neglect the size of the
car and passenger.
3.14 The 100-lb block slides down the inclined plane for which
the coefficient of kinetic friction is = 0.25. If it is moving at
10 ft/s when it reaches point A, determine the maximum
deformation of the spring needed to momentarily arrest the
motion.
3.15 The collar has a mass of 20 kg and rests on the smooth rod.
Two springs are attached to it and the ends of the rod as shown.
Each spring has an uncompressed length of 1.5 m. If the collar is
held in the center position of the rod, s = 0, and then displaced s
= 0.5 m and released from rest, determine its velocity at the
instant it returns to the point s = 0.
3.16 The collar has a
mass of 30 kg and is
supported on the rod
having a coefficient of
kinetic friction k =
0.4. The attached spring Prob. 3.16
has an unstretched length of 0.2 m and a stiffness k = 50 N/m.
Determine the speed of the collar after the applied force F =
200 N causes it to be displaced s = 1.5 m from point A. When s
= 0 the collar is held at rest.
3.17 The 5-lb block
is released from rest
at A and slides down
the smooth circular
surface AB. It then
continues to slide Prob. 3.17
along the horizontal rough surface until it strikes the
spring. Determine how far it compresses the spring before
stopping.
3.18 The 2-lb box
slides on the smooth
curved ramp. If the
box has a velocity of
30 ft/s at A,
determine the
velocity of the box
and normal force
acting on the ramp Prob. 3.18

when the box is located at B and C. Assume the radius of

curvature of the path at C is still 5 ft.
3.19 Packages having
a weight of 50 lb are
delivered to the chute
at vA = 3 ft/s using a

conveyor belt.
Determine their speeds Prob. 3.19
when they reach points B, C , and D. Also calculate the
normal force of the chute on the packages at B and C.
Neglect friction and the size of the packages.
3.20 The spring has
a stiffness k = 50
lb/ft and an
unstretched length
of 2 ft. As shown, it
is confined by the Prob. 3.20
plate and wall using cables so that its length is 1.5 ft. A 4-lb
block is given a speed v A when it is at A, and it slides down
the incline having a coefficient of kinetic friction = 0.2.
If it strikes the plate and pushes it forward 0.25 ft before
stopping, determine its speed at A. Neglect the mass of the
plate and spring.
3.21 The block has a mass of 0.8 kg and moves within the
smooth vertical slot. If it starts from rest when the attached
spring is in the unstretched position at A , determine the
constant vertical force F which must be applied to the cord
so that the block attains a speed v A = 2.5 m/s when it reaches
B; s B = 0.15 m. Neglect the size and mass of the pulley.
Hint: The work of F can be determined by finding the
difference Δl in cord lengths AC and BC and using
U F  F Δl .
3.22 Blocks A and B weigh 10 lb each, and block C weighs 12 lb.
Knowing that the blocks are released from rest in the positions
shown and neglecting friction, determine (a) the velocity of block
B just before it strikes the ground, (b) the velocity of block A just
before it strikes block B.
3.23 Two blocks A and B, of mass 5 kg and 6 kg, respectively,
are connected by a cord which passes over pulleys as shown. A
collar C, of mass 4 kg, is placed on block A and the system is
released from rest. After the blocks have moved through 0.9 m,
collar C is removed and the blocks continue to move.
Determine the velocity of block A just before it strikes the
ground.
 3. 24 An 8-kg plunger is released from rest in the position shown
and is stopped by two nested springs; the constant of the outer
spring is k1 = 4 kN/m and the constant of the inner spring is k2 =

12 kN/m. If the plunger is released from the height h = 600 mm,

determine the maximum deflection of the outer spring.
3.25 A bag is gently pushed off the top of a wall at A and
swings in a vertical plane at the end of a rope of length l.
Determine the angle  for which the rope will break, knowing
that it can withstand a maximum tension 50 percent larger than
the weight of the bag.
3.26 Solve Prob. 3.9 using the conservation of energy
equation.

3.27 Solve Prob. 3.13 using the conservation of energy

equation.
3.28 Solve Prob. 3.18 using the conservation of energy
equation.

3.29 Solve Prob. 3.19 using the conservation of energy

equation.
3.30 The skier starts from rest at A and travels dow n the
ramp. If friction and air resistance can be neglected,
determine his speed vB when he reaches B. Also, find th e
distance s to where he strikes the ground at C, if he makes
the jump traveling horizontally at B. Neglect the skier' s
size. He has a mass of 70 kg.

Prob. 3.30
3.31 The 10-lb block is pressed against the spring so as to
compress it 2 ft when it is at A. If the plane is smooth,
determine the distance d, measured from the wall, to where
the block strikes the ground. Neglect the size of the block.

Prob. 3.31
 3.32 The 120-lb man acts as a
human cannonball by being fired from
the spring - loaded cannon shown. If
the greatest acceleration he can
experience is a = 10g = 322 ft/s 2 ,
determine the required stiffness of the spring
which is
compressed 2 ft at the moment of firing. With what
velocity will he exit the cannon barrel when the cannon is
fired? Where d = 8 ft when the spring is compressed s = 2 ft.
Neglect friction and assume the man holds himself in a Prob. 3.32
rigid position throughout the motio
3.33 Marbles having
a mass of 5 g fall
from rest at A
through the glass
tube and accumulate
in the can at C.
Determine the
placement R of the Prob. 3.33

can from the end of the tube and the speed at which the
marbles fall into the can. Neglect the size of the can.
3.34 Tarzan has a
mass of 100 kg and
from rest swings
from the cliff by
rigidly holding on to
the tree vine, which is
10 m measured from
the supporting limb A
to his center of mass. Prob. 3.34

Determine his speed just after the vine strikes the lower
limb at B. Also, with what force must he hold on to the vine
just before and just after the vine contacts the limb at B?
3.35 The bob of the pendulum has a mass of 0.2 kg and is
released from rest when it is in the horizontal position
shown. Determine its speed and the tension in the cord at
the instant the bob passes through its lowest position.
3.36 The block has a weight of 1.5 lb and slides along the
smooth chute AB. It is released from rest at A, which has
coordinates of A(5 , 0, 10) ft. Determine the speed at which it
slides off at B, which has coordinates of B(0, 8, 0) ft.

Prob. 3.36
3.37 Two equal-length springs having a stiffness kA
=300 N/m and kB = 200 N/m are nested together in order to
form a shock absorber. If a 2-kg block is dropped from an
at-rest position 0.6 m above the top of the springs,
determine their deformation when the block momentarily
stops.
3.38 If the spring is compressed 3 in. against the 0.5-lb
block and it is released from rest, determine the normal
force of the smooth surface on the block when it reaches
point x = 0.5 ft.

Prob. 3.38
3.39 Block A has a weight
of 1.5 lb and slides in the
smooth horizontal slot. If
the block is drawn back to
s  1 .5 ft and released
from rest, determine its
speed at the instant s = 0.
Each of the two springs
has a stiffness of k = 150
lb/ft and an unstretched
Prob. 3.39/40
length of 0.5 ft.
3.40 The 2-lb block A slides in the smooth horizontal slot.
When s = 0 the block is given an initial velocity of 60 ft/s to
the right. Determine the maximum horizontal displacement
s of the block. Each of the two springs has a stiffness of k =
150 lb/ft and an unstretched length of 0.5 ft.
3.41 The steel ingot
has a mass of 1800
kg. It travels along
the conveyor at a
speed v = 0.5 m/s
when it collides with Prob. 3.41
the nested spring assembly. If the stiffness of the outer
spring is kA = 5 kN/m determine the required stiffness kB of
the inner spring so that the motion of the ingot is stopped at
the moment the front, C, of the ingot is 0.3 m from the wall.
3.42 The car C and
its contents have a
weight of 600 lb,
whereas block B
has a weight of 200
lb. If the car is Prob. 3.42

released from rest, determine i ts speed when it travels 30 ft

down the 20° incline. Sugges tion: To measure the
gravitational potential energy, establish separate datums at
the initial elevations of B and C .
3.43 The 2 lb brick
slides down a smooth
roof, such that when it
is at A it has a velocity
of 5 ft/s. Determine
the speed of the brick
just before it leaves
the surface at B, the
distance d from the
Prob. 3.43
wall to where it strikes
the ground, and the speed at which it hits the ground.
 3.44 The ball has a mass of 0.5 kg and is suspended from a
rubber band having an unstretched length of 1 m and a stiffness
k = 50 N/m. If the support at A to which the rubber band is
attached is 2 m from the floor, determine the greatest speed the
ball can have at A so that it does not touch the floor when it
.
reaches its lowest point B Neglect the size of the ball and
the mass of the rubber band.
3.45 The ride at an amusement park consists of a gondola
which is lifted to a height of 120 ft at A. If it is released
from rest and falls along the parabolic track, determine the
speed at the instant y  20 ft . Also determine the normal
reaction of the tracks on the gondola at this instant. The
gondola and passenger have a total weight of 500 lb.
Neglect the effects of friction.
 3.46 A toy spring gun is used to
shoot 1-oz bullets vertically
upward. The undeformed length of
the spring is 6 in.; it is compressed
to a length of 1 in. when the gun is
ready to be shot and expands to a
length of 3 in. as the bullet leaves
the gun. A force of 10 lb is required Prob. 3.46
to maintain the spring in firing position when the length of
the spring is 1 in. Determine (a) the velocity of the bullet as
it leaves the gun, (b) the maximum height reached by the
bullet.
3.47 A spring is used to stop a 150-lb package which is
moving down a 20o incline. The spring has a constant k =
150 lb/in. and is held by cables so that it is initially
compressed 4 in. Knowing that the velocity of the package is
10 ft/s when it is 30 ft from the spring and neglecting
friction, determine the maximum additional deformation of
the spring in bringing the package to rest.
3.48A 20- lb collar slides without friction along a vertical rod as
shown. The spring attached to the collar has an undeformed
length of 4 in. and a constant of 3 lb/in. If the collar is released
from rest in position 1, determine its velocity after it has moved
6 in. to position 2 .
3.49 A 200-g pellet is released from rest at A and slides without
friction along the surface shown. Determine the force exerted by
the surface on the pellet as it passes through (a) point B, (b) point
C.

Prob. 3.49
3.50 A 0.5- lb pellet is released from rest at A when the spring is
compressed 3 in. and travels around the loop ABCDE. Determine
the smallest value of the spring constant for which the pellet will
travel around the loop and will at all times remain in contact with
the loop.

Prob. 3.50
3.51 The diesel engine of a 400-Mg train increases the
train's speed uniformly from rest to 10 m/s in 100 s along a
horizontal track. Determine the average power developed.

3.52 A spring having a stiffness of 5 kN/m is compressed

400 mm. The stored energy in the spring is used to drive a
machine which requires 90 W of power. Determine how
long the spring can supply energy at the required rate.
3.53 The Milkin Aircraft Co. manufactures a turbojet
engine that is placed in a plane having a weight of 13000
lb. If the engine develops a constant thrust of 5200 lb,
determine the power outputs of the plane when it is just
ready to take off and when it is flying at 600 mi/h.
3.54 A truck has a
weight of 25000 lb and
an engine which
transmits a power of
350 hp to all the
wheels. Assuming that Prob. 3.54
the wheels do not slip on the ground, determine the angle 
of the largest incline the truck can climb at a constant speed
of v = 50 ft/s.
3.55 An automobile having a weight of 3500 lb travels up a
7° slope at a constant speed of v = 40 ft/s. If friction and
wind resistance are neglected, determine the power
developed by the engine if the automobile has a
mechanical efficiency of = 0.65.
3.56 The escalator
steps move with a
constant speed of 0.6
m/s. If the st eps are
125 mm high and 250
mm in length,
determine the power of
a motor needed to lift
Prob. 3.56
an average mass of
150 kg per step. There are 32 steps.
3.57 An electrically powered train car draws 30 kW of
power. If the car weighs 40000 lb and starts from rest,
determine the maximum speed it attains in 30 s. The
mechanical efficiency is ε = 0.8.
3.58 Determine the power output of the draw works motor
M necessary to lift the 600-lb drill pipe upward with a
constant speed of 4 ft/s. The cable is tied to the top of the
oil rig, wraps around the lower pulley, then around the top
pulley, and then to the motor.
3.59 The 50-lb crate is hoisted by the motor M. If the crate
starts from rest and by constant acceleration attains a speed
of 12 ft/s after rising s = 10 ft, determine the power that
must be supplied to the motor at the instant s = 10 ft. The
motor has an efficiency = 0.65. Neglect the mass of the
pulley and cable.
3.60 The 50 -lb crate is given a speed of 10 ft/s in t = 4 s
starting from rest. If the acceleration is constant, determine
the power that must be supplied to the motor when t = 2 s.
The motor has an efficiency ε =0.65. Neglect the mass of
the pulley and cable.
3.61 A rocket having a total mass of 8 Mg is fired vertically
from rest If the engines provide a constant thrust of T = 300
kN, determine the power output of the engines as a function
of time. Neglect the effect of drag resistance and the loss of
fuel mass and weight.
3.62 The dumb- waiter D and its load have a combined weight
of 600 Ib, while the counterweight C weighs 800 lb. Determine
the power delivered by the electric motor M when the dumb-
waiter (a) is moving up at a constant speed of 8 ft/s, (b) has an
instantaneous velocity of 8 ft/s and an acceleration of 2.5 ft/s2,
both directed upward.
3.63 The block has a mass of 150 kg and rests on a surface
for which the coefficients of static and kinetic friction are
 s = 0.5 and  k = 0.4. respectively. If a force F  10 t 2 N ,
where t is in seconds, is applied to the cable, determine the
power developed by the force when t = 5 s. Hint: First
determine the time needed for the force to cause motion.

Prob. 3.63
3.64 The 50-lb load is hoisted by the pulley system and
motor M. If the motor exerts a constant force of 30 lb on the
cable, determine the power that must be supplied to the
motor if the load has been hoisted s = 10 ft starting from
rest. The motor has an efficiency of ε = 0.76.

Prob. 3.64