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Stages of NLP

The document outlines the five stages of Natural Language Processing (NLP): Lexical Analysis, Syntactic Analysis, Semantic Analysis, Discourse Integration, and Pragmatic Analysis. Each stage focuses on different aspects of language processing, from word structure and grammar to meaning and context. Examples are provided to illustrate the concepts at each stage.

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12 views6 pages

Stages of NLP

The document outlines the five stages of Natural Language Processing (NLP): Lexical Analysis, Syntactic Analysis, Semantic Analysis, Discourse Integration, and Pragmatic Analysis. Each stage focuses on different aspects of language processing, from word structure and grammar to meaning and context. Examples are provided to illustrate the concepts at each stage.

Uploaded by

vineetsuradkar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Stages of NLP

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, SCOE,KOPARGAON


Stages of NLP

1) Lexical Analysis:

 Lexical Analysis is the first stage in NLP. It is also known as morphological analysis.

 At this stage the structure of the words is identified and analysed.

 Lexicon of a language means the collection of words and phrases in a language.

 Lexical analysis is dividing the whole portion of text into paragraphs, sentences, and
words.

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, SCOE,KOPARGAON


Stages of NLP

2) Syntactic Analysis:

 It involves analysis of words in the sentence for grammar and ordering words in a way
that shows the relationship among the words.

Example:
The sentence such as “The school goes to girl” is rejected by English syntactic
analyser.

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, SCOE,KOPARGAON


Stages of NLP

3) Semantic Analysis:

 Semantic analysis draws the exact meaning or the dictionary meaning from the text.

 The text is checked for meaningfulness.

 It is done by mapping syntactic structures and objects in the task domain.

 Example:
The semantic analyser neglects sentence such as "hot ice-cream".

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, SCOE,KOPARGAON


Stages of NLP

4) Discourse Integration:

 The meaning of any sentence depends upon the meaning of the sentence just before it.

 Furthermore, it also brings about the meaning of immediately following sentence.

 Example:
“Meena is a girl, she goes to school” here "she" is a dependency pointing to
Meena.

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, SCOE,KOPARGAON


Stages of NLP

5) Pragmatic Analysis:

 During this, what was said is re-interpreted on what it truly meant.

 It contains deriving those aspects of language which necessitate real world knowledge.

 Example:
“John saw Mary in a garden with a cat”
here we can't say that John is with cat or Mary is with cat

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, SCOE,KOPARGAON

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