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Lab-2(CS)

The document outlines a lab experiment to measure the characteristics of a positional error detector using two potentiometers. It includes the necessary apparatus, theoretical background, procedural steps, and an observation table with recorded data. The conclusion indicates that the output voltage varies with the displacement angle, increasing positively and decreasing negatively under DC excitation.

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Muhammad Adnan
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4 views

Lab-2(CS)

The document outlines a lab experiment to measure the characteristics of a positional error detector using two potentiometers. It includes the necessary apparatus, theoretical background, procedural steps, and an observation table with recorded data. The conclusion indicates that the output voltage varies with the displacement angle, increasing positively and decreasing negatively under DC excitation.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Adnan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONTROL SYSTEM DATE: 28-01-2025

INSTRUCTOR: Muhammad Rehan Arif Lab-2

Lab-2
Title: To measure characteristics of positional error detector by angular displacement of
two potentiometers.

Apparatus:

 Arduino NANO
 Potentiometer kit
 DVM
 Connecting Leads
 5V Supply
 LED Display

Theory:
Potentiometric transducers are used in control systems. The setup includes a built-in +5V DC
power source. A Digital Volt Meter (DVM) is used to measure the DC voltage. Potentiometers are
electromechanical devices that have resistance and a wiper that changes the resistance when
displaced. These potentiometers have three terminals: one for the fixed reference DC voltage and
the other two connected to the wiper, which provides the variable output.

Circuit Diagram:
Procedure:

1. Connect the power supply and set the excitation switch to DC.
2. Set Pot.1 to the center position (180˚).
3. Connect the Digital Volt Meter (DVM) to the error output.
4. Rotate Pot.2 from 20˚ to 360˚ in equal steps.
5. Record the displacement at 0˚ as θ2 and the output voltage (V_0) shown on the DVM.
6. Plot a graph with V_0 on the Y-axis and θe = θ1 - θ2 on the X-axis.

Precautions:

1. Select the excitation switch as required, AC or DC. Wrong selection may cause error
experiment or damage the setup.
2. Take the reading carefully.
3. Switch OFF the setup when not in use.

Observation Table:
Sr. No. POT.1 POT.2 𝜃𝑒 𝑉𝑜
Position in 𝜃1 Position in 𝜃2 = 𝜃1 − 𝜃2
1 181 20 161 2.24
2 181 40 141 1.96
3 181 60 121 1.68
4 181 80 101 1.40
5 181 100 81 1.12
6 181 120 61 0.85
7 181 140 41 0.58
8 181 160 21 0.29
9 181 180 1 0.02
10 181 181 0 0.00
11 181 200 -19 -0.27
12 181 220 -39 -0.54
13 181 240 -59 -0.82
14 181 260 -79 -1.10
15 181 280 -99 -1.38
16 181 300 -119 -1.65
17 181 320 -139 -1.94
18 181 340 -159 -2.21
19 181 360 -179 -2.48
Graph:

Conclusion:
The graph shows the relationship between the displacement angle and the output voltage. With DC
excitation, the output voltage increases as the displacement angle increases positively and
decreases as the displacement angle becomes negative.

*****************************************

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