TEST I: Solve problems 1 to 3 Using the Analytical Method: Sine Law, Cosine Law.
1. Find the resultant vector of the following vectors: 15 km directed 45 o north of
west and 12 km directed 30o south of west.
ans:
step 1: Resolve the 1st vector (15km, 45° north of west) into components
the x-component is:
-15 cos (45°)km
the y-component is:
15 sin (45°)km
x1 = -15 × cos (45°) = -15 × (√2/2)= -10.61km
y1 = 15 × sin (45°) = 15 × (√2/2)=10.61km
step 2:
x2= -12×cos (30°)= -12 × (√3/2)= -10.39km
x2= -12×sin (30°)= -12 × (1/2)= -6km
calculate the components of the resultant vector
=x1+x2 = -10.61 + (-10.39) = - 21km
=y1+y2 = 10.61 + (-6) = 4.61km
calculate the magnitude of the resultant vector
=√((-21)² + (4.61)²)= √(441 + 21.25)= √462.25 - 21.5 km
calculate the direction of the resultant vector
the angle θ is given by arctan (y_resultant/x_resultant) =arctan (4.61/-21)= -
12.4°
since the x component is (-) and the y conponent is (+) the angle is in the second
quadrant (north of west)
tgerefore the angle north of west is qw.4°
the resultant vector has a magnitude of approximately 25.5km and directed
approximately 12.4 north of west
o
2. Find the resultant vector of 5 km at 60 and 15 km at 30 o, all angles are
measured with the positive xaxis.
ans:
the x component is given by:
5×cos(60°) 5× 0.5 = 2.5km
5×sin (60°)=5×√3/2= 5× 0.866= 4.33km
step 2: 15×cos(30°)=√3/2=15×0.866=12.99km
15×sin(30°)=15×0.5=7.5km
step 3: x= 2.5+12.99=15.49km
y= 4.33+7.5=11.83km
the magnitude of the resultant vector is
√(15.49)² + (11.83)² = √239.94 + 139.95 = 19.49km
step 5: the angle is given by
arctan (11.83/15.49) = arctan (0.7637=37.36°
the resultant vector has a magnitude of approximately 19.49km
and an angle of approximatelt 37.36° with respect to the positive x-axis
3. An Ambulance travels 9 km east and then 6 km 30 0 north of east. Find the
resultant displacement.
ans:
step 1: breakdown the 2nd displacement into components
the 2nd displacement is 6.3km at 30° north of east
x= 6.3×cos (30°) = 6.3 × (√3/2)=6.3×0.866=5.4558km (east)
y= 6.3 ×sin (30°) = 6.3 × (1/2) = 3.15km (north)
calculate the component of the resultant displacement
x-component= 9km + 5.4558km= 14.4558km
y-component= 0km + 3.15km= 3.15km
calculate magnitude of the resultant of displacement using the pythagorean
theorem:
magnitude= √(x² +y²) = √(14.4558² + 3.15²) = √(208.969 + 9.9225)=
√218.8915=14.795km
angle =arctan (y/x) = arctan (3.15/14.4558)= arctan (0.2179)=12.31°
the resultant displacement is approximately 14.795km at an angle of 12.31°
north of east
TEST II: Solve problems 4 - 5 using the Component Method.
4. Find the resultant displacement of the following: 8 feet directed 45 0 north of
east, 12 feet directed south, and 20 feet directed 300 south of west.
ans: decompose the 1st vector (8ft at 45° north of east)
x= 8×cos(45°) = 8×√2/2= 4√2ft (east)
y= 8×sin(45°) = 8×√2/2= 4√2ft (north)
decompose the 2nd vector (20ft directed south)
the x-component is 0ft.
thè y-comoonent is -12ft (south)
decompose the 3rd vector (12ft directed 30° south of west)
-20cos (30°) = -20×√3/2= 10 √3ft *west)
-20sin (30°) = -20 ×1/2 = -10ft (south)
the resultant x-component is: 4√2 - 10√3= 5.657-17.321= -11.664ft
resultant of y-component is : 4√2 - 12 - 10= 5.657 - 22= -16.343ft.
magnitude of the resultant displacement: (-11.664)² + (-16.343)² = √136.05 +
267.
calculate the direction of the redultant displacement
the angle θ is given by: arctan (-16.343/-11.664)= arctan (1.401)=54.46°
the resultant dusplacement is approximately 20.08ft. at 54.46° south of west
5. Find the resultant displacement of the following; A = 200 km, 30 o north of east, B
= 100 km, 67o north of west, C = 150 km, towards west, D = 200 km, 37 o east of
south.
ans:
Ax=200× cos (30°) =200×(√3/2)=173.21km
Ay=200×sin (30°)= 200×(1/2)=100km
Bx= -100×cos(67°)= -39.07km
By=100 ×sin (67°)=92.05km
Cx= -150km
Cy= 0km
Dx= 200×sin(37°)=120.36km
Dy= 200×cos (37°)= -159.73km
sum the x and y
Rx= Ax + Bx+ Cx+Dx= 173.21-39.07-150+120.36=104.50km
Ry= Ay+By+Cy+Dy=100 + 92.05+ 0-159.73=32.32km
magnitude of the resultant vector
R= √(Rx²+Ry²)= √(104.50²+32.32²)
=√(10920.25+10214.58)= 511964.83=109.38km
direction of the resultant vector
θ= arctan (Ry/Rx = arctan (32.32/104.50)
arctan (0.3093)=17.18°=
the resultant displacement is approximately 109.38 km at an angle of
17.18° north of east
