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Social Media Pakistan 0345-6738217
 NEWS BRIEF

SAM STANTON—SACRAMENTO BEE/AP

CALIFORNIA STORMS
UPROOTED This tree in Sacramento,
California, was ripped up by a storm on
January 5.

B Y B RI AN S. M C G R ATH major river flooding,” the NWS said. Officials were watching several more
On January 9, the National Weather The extreme weather in storms farther out on the Pacific.
Service (NWS) warned people in California is the result of atmo- “They were scary winds,” says
California of another wave of power- spheric rivers—long bands of mois- Joey Kleemann, who watched
ful storms. For weeks, the state has ture—that stretch over the Pacific water stream into her house in
been battered by severe wind, heavy Ocean. These have brought one Sacramento after a tree crushed the
rain, and snow. At least 17 people storm after another, just days apart. roof. “Mostly I focused on: ‘It could
have died. Hundreds of thousands In past weeks, ferocious ocean be so much worse.’”
lost electricity. waves destroyed homes and busi-
The latest storms were expected nesses, and washed away beaches
to bring six to 12 inches of rain to in communities near Santa Cruz. WHO is quoted in the article? How
northern and central parts of the In Sacramento, 60-mile-per-hour are these sources different from
state. This could cause “rapid water winds downed power lines and one another? How do they help you
understand the storms?
rises, mudslides, and the potential for ripped trees out of the ground.

SOCIAL-MEDIA LAWSUIT
B Y C RIS TIN A F ERN ANDE Z

MATT CARDY—GETTY IMAGES

The public school district of Seattle, Washington,
is suing the companies that own Facebook,
Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok, and YouTube. It
claims that social-media platforms are a major
cause of a mental health crisis affecting kids.
The lawsuit was filed on January 6. It says the
social-media platforms “recommend and pro- LEGAL WOES Social-media companies are being sued.
mote harmful content to youth.” The suit claims They’re contributing to a mental health crisis, critics say.
these sites hook users to keep them scrolling.
The companies say they have safeguards in mental health experts. And it allows parents to see
place to protect children. For instance, YouTube their kids’ contacts on its platform.
lets parents limit screen time. It also lets them The district wants the companies to help pay for
block content. Snapchat helps connect users to education and treatment.

COVER: RICH LEGG—GETTY IMAGES

2 TIME FOR K IDS January 20, 2023

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 Technology is always advancing. Incredible inventions appear every year.
In 2022, these included sunglasses that boost color and a bionic hand.
But technology reporting involves more than just telling readers about new
inventions. It goes into how technology is
used, its positive and negative effects, and
what people think of it. For example,
social-media apps allow people to
connect with friends and family, but they
can also be addictive. There are many
different angles to cover in a technology story!

Junior Journalists, we want to know: What’s your tech story?

Write about a piece of technology, or focus on an advance in the tech world.
What do your classmates think about it? Explore its uses and effects. Ask a
teacher, parent, or guardian to share your story with us at timeforkids.com/
tfkpressclub or send it to [email protected].
BACKGROUND: HAKKI ARSLAN—FEELPIC/GETTY IMAGES

JACK DEMPSEY—AP
SNAPSHOT
COLORFUL CAR Automaker BMW showed off a color-changing car at
the CES tech show in Las Vegas, Nevada, on January 4. The electric
vehicle can display up to 32 colors, to match the driver’s mood.

NEWS STORIES MAY INCLUDE REPORTING FROM THE ASSOCIATED PRESS.

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 COVER STORY SPORTS
COURTSIDE People enjoy new pickleball courts
in West Reading, Pennsylvania, in June 2021.

BRAD EVENSON; EMILEE CHINN—GETTY IMAGES; TONI BOCZ—USA PICKLEBALL

CLOCKWISE FROM TOP: BEN HASTY—READING EAGLE/GETTY IMAGES;
KID-FRIENDLY A pick- FULL SWING Olivia Sutton competes
leball player returns in a junior tournament in Overland
a shot in Holly Hill, Park, Kansas, in November.
Florida.

GAMETIME Players rally

during a Major League
Pickleball match in
Columbus, Ohio, in October.

retiree noun: a person who has

retired from working
volley noun: in tennis and similar
sports, a shot that is returned
before the ball hits the ground
BACKGROUND: KEITH BIRMINGHAM—MEDIANEWS GROUP/PASADENA STAR-NEWS/GETTY IMAGES

4 TIME FOR K IDS January 20, 2023

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 Pickleball is the country’s fastest-growing sport.
And the players are getting younger.

This past fall, Ed Pluskota introduced pickleball to is being driven by younger players. The game is easy
his gym class at North Fayette Elementary School, in to pick up. “Someone could learn in 30 minutes or
Georgia. The kids had never heard of it. “Is it tennis?” less,” says Jim Berger, a regional director for U.S.A.
they asked, “or is it ping-pong?” Pluskota had to sell Pickleball, the national governing organization for
them on the idea. “It’s the perfect mixture of both,” he the sport. “Within a couple of weeks, they’re playing
told his students. at a moderate level, and they’re having fun. That’s the
It’s no wonder they were unfamiliar with pickleball. key.”
The game’s popularity has caught many people by sur- In 2018, the Professional Pickleball Association was
prise. According to a 2022 Sports & Fitness Industry founded and soon began holding national tournaments.
Association report, the number of people in the United The current women’s champion, Anna Leigh Waters, is 15.
States playing pickleball has jumped by almost 40% The sport is about to get even bigger. Another pro
since 2019, to around 5 million, making it the fastest- group, Major League Pickleball, is growing fast, with
growing sport in the country. the NBA’s LeBron James as an investor. Many people
Pluskota started by taping off pickleball courts on expect the sport to become an Olympic event.
the gym floor and teaching basic paddle skills. Before
long, his students were disappointed when they weren’t GOOD SPORT
playing pickleball. “You don’t get that full-out excitement Olivia Sutton first picked up a pickleball paddle when
with everything you teach,” he told TIME for Kids. she was 6. But her interest was renewed several years
And the excitement goes beyond sports. Ask anyone later, during the pandemic. With school closed, she
who has recently taken up pickleball, and that person went to the local park, in Crystal City, Missouri. “I
will probably tell you it’s been easier to make friends. started playing with some of the older people there,”
“I don’t really know how to explain it,” says Elizabeth she said. “They put me under their wing, took me in.”
Pavon, 11. “It affects my relationship with my class- In 2020, at 13, Olivia played in her first official tour-
mates. It helps us get more together.” nament. This past year, she took part in more than 35
competitions. She plans to go pro. “It’s so much differ-
SPIKING POPULARITY ent than any other community that I’ve ever been a part
Because pickleball is a mixture of sports, it was named of,” she says. “People are encouraging and kind.”
after the pickle boat, a racing boat with a crew left That points to a bright future for the sport. “I feel
over from other boats. That’s according to Pickleball like everybody who plays falls in love with it,” Olivia
Magazine. Since it was first played, in 1965, pickleball says. “That first hit on the paddle, it sounds like a pop.
has been popular mainly with retirees. Now its growth It’s like magic.” —By Brian S. McGrath

ON THE BALL
From a distance, the ball used in spaced evenly around it, to ensure
pickleball might look like a tennis that it flies straight.
ball. Its color is similar. But a During pickleball volleys, that
pickleball is bigger and less plastic ball can zip. “The more
bouncy. It’s about the size of a power you put on the ball, the
Wiffle Ball, and made of a similar more power is coming back at
hard plastic. The ball’s holes are you,” Olivia Sutton says.
EMILEE CHINN—GETTY IMAGES

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 SPACE

SPEAKING FROM SPACE Nicole Mann is the first Native American woman in space.
She reflects on what she’s learned about life on Earth.

Nicole Mann, a member of the Round community back home, and that astronaut from Japan. Mann appre-
Valley Indian Tribes, treasures the when things are difficult or . . . I’m ciates the power of this international
dream catcher her mother gave her getting burned-out or frustrated, collaboration.
when she was a girl. This small that strength is something that I “What that does,” she says, “is
hoop with a feather is said to offer will draw on,” she said. it just highlights our diversity and
protection. Mann believes it helped What about the so-called over- how incredible it is when we come
her when she flew 47 combat mis- view effect? That’s the sense of awe together as a human species, the
sions in Iraq and Afghanistan. astronauts describe upon looking wonderful things that we can . . .
Mann is now a NASA astronaut. down on the Earth from space. accomplish.”
Last October, she blasted off aboard Mann says she felt it right away. As a girl, Mann was fascinated
a SpaceX Crew Dragon craft for the “It is an incredible scene of by space. But she didn’t understand
International Space Station (ISS). color, of clouds and land,” she what it took to be an astronaut.
She is the first Native American said. “It’s difficult not to stay in And she didn’t know that it was an
woman in space. Her dream catcher the cupola all day and just see our opportunity available to her. Now
went with her. Planet Earth and how beautiful Mann encourages young people to
Since Mann’s launch, the news she is, and how delicate and fragile dream big and aim for the stars. Her
media has been clamoring to talk she is.” five-month mission aboard the ISS
to her. In an interview with the That overview perspective wraps up in March.
Associated Press (AP), she spoke of is especially important as a war —By Jeffrey Kluger for TIME,
the power she draws from her tribal continues to rage on the surface of adapted by TFK editors
community on Earth. our planet. It has now been nearly
one year since Russian troops
cupola noun: a small structure
A NEW VIEW began their invasion of Ukraine. used for observation
Mann talked to the AP by way The crew aboard the ISS includes
fragile adjective: delicate; easy to
of a video link. “[I] know that I three Russian cosmonauts, three break or ruin
have the support of my family and American astronauts, and one

Ever since I was little, I’ve loved learning about outer space. But the general belief
that only boys were supposed to like space really frustrated me. At my local store,
all the clothes with NASA prints on them were in boys’ sizes. But because of all
the inspiring stories I read about female scientists and astronauts who never
stopped persevering, I kept going. I dreamed of being an astronaut. Commander
Nicole Mann is a role model for me. She’s leading the way for young female space
enthusiasts. And she’s bringing diversity into the picture. Her story shows there
should be no barrier for anyone in pursuing and achieving a successful STEAM
career. —By TFK Kid Reporter Zarita Asgar, 9

6 TIME FOR K IDS January 20, 2023

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ON HER WAY NASA’s Nicole Mann rides in the cupola of the TEAMWORK Flight engineers Mann and Koichi Wakata, of the
Dragon spacecraft going to the International Space Station. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, work together on the ISS.

ALL SMILES Mann and astronaut Frank Rubio SUITED UP With Mann’s help, astronauts
pose with their mission insignia on board the Josh Cassada (left) and Rubio prepare
ISS. They’re 262 miles above the Pacific Ocean. for a seven-hour spacewalk.
NASA (4)

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 TIME OFF

REBELS WITH A CAUSE Matilda (center)

and classmates unite against the awful
Miss Trunchbull in Matilda: The Musical.

Alisha Weir
THE MAGIC OF MATILDA through all the emotions that she walk back into my favorite play-
stars in goes through.” room ever.”
Before getting the part, Alisha In the process, Minchin realized
Matilda: The had read Matilda, and she knew something about Matilda and her
Musical, now on Netflix. the songs from the musical. “We kindly teacher, Miss Honey. “They
TFK spoke to her and can all really take something from need each other,” he says. “Even a
lyricist Tim Minchin. Matilda,” says Alisha. “No matter little superhero, even someone with
what age you are, you can take away actual magic powers, needs some-
Maybe you’ve read Roald Dahl’s to be strong like Matilda and have one standing by them.”
Matilda at school. Maybe you’ve lots of courage.” What’s next for the magic girl
watched the 1996 movie or seen Tim Minchin, who wrote the who rescues her school, her teacher,
the award-winning stage musical. music and lyrics for the stage show, and herself? “Who knows?” Minchin
However it came into your life, the created a new song for the movie. says. “Maybe there will be a rocket
story of a young book-lover who “Writing it was really joyous,” he ship named after her.” That would
unlocks her magic and saves her says. “I got to open the door and be a blast! —By Allison Singer
school from an evil headmis-
tress isn’t one people soon
forget.
Roald Dahl’s Matilda:
The Musical, now streaming
on Netflix, is a movie adap-
tation of the stage show.
It features 13-year-old Alisha
Weir in the lead role. Alisha
enjoyed the challenge. “I got
HAND IN HAND
to turn myself into a com- Lashana Lynch,
pletely different person,”
COURTESY NETFLIX (3)

who plays Miss

she told TIME for Kids. Honey, and Alisha
“When they said ‘Action!’ Weir look to the
sky in the Matilda
I could leave myself com- movie.
pletely behind and really go
TIME for Kids Edition 5–6 (ISSN 2156- 9150 ) is published weekly from September to May, except for school holidays and two double issues, by Time USA, LLC. Volume #13, Issue #15. Principal Office: 3 Bryant Park, New York, NY 10036. Periodical postage paid
at New York, NY, and at additional mailing offices. © 2023 Time USA, LLC. All rights reserved. Reproduction whole or in part without written permission is prohibited. Subscribers: If the postal authorities alert us that your magazine is undeliverable, we have
no obligation unless we receive a corrected address within two years. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to TIME for Kids, P.O. Box 37508 Boone, IA 50037-0508. Subscription queries: 877-604-8017. TIME for Kids is a registered trademark at Time USA, LLC.
For international licensing and syndication requests, please email [email protected].

8 TIME FOR K IDS January 20, 2023

Please recycle this magazine.

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Social Media Pakistan 0345-6738217
 Mason Langer
Meet Mason. He’s one of the 10 outstanding
kids selected to be a TFK Kid Reporter this
school year. Mason is 12 years old and lives in
Morristown, New Jersey. Read more about him!

I want
to be a movie
Five things --I can’t live without:
director, writer,
My family
or critic.
My friends
My dog
Movies
Opinions

One thing
hardly anyone
knows about I do not
me? enjoy playing
competitive
sports.

PHOTOS OF MASON LANGER COURTESY

MASON LANGER (2)

10 TIME FOR K IDS February 2023

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 My favorite
team is the
New York
I look up to
Steven Spielberg,

NTS!
Roger Ebert, and
Jordan Peele.
GI A
FROM TOP: STEVE GRANITZ—FILMMAGIC; STEPHEN LOVEKIN—GETTY IMAGES; UNIQUE NICOLE—GETTY IMAGES

My pet peeve:
It’s a tie between strange meals and overcomplicated
stories and plotlines.
My dream:
To interview any acclaimed movie director; to review a
movie or other pop-culture release; to meet people who
have uplifting stories.
Favorite thing to do

ANDRESR— GET TY IMAGES

in free time:
Watch movies
My most-prized
possession:
Limited-edition Freddie
Mercury Funko Pop! doll.
(He’s adorable!)
My proudest
accomplishments:
Completing a course at NJ Film School and writing my own
short films. I also survived living at home 24/7 with my
parents for months during the pandemic.
My favorite book:
The Phantom Tollbooth,
by Norton Juster
My favorite
movie:
My favorite book
genres:
Action-adventure and thrillers
AWS
My favorite
musical group:
J
Queen

BACKGROUND: SEAN GLADWELL—GETTY IMAGES (DESK AND

NOTEBOOK); GIZELKA/GETTY IMAGES (FOOTBALL); KARANDAEV—
GETTY IMAGES (HIGHLIGHTER); T KIMURA—GETTY IMAGES (TICKET);
XXMMXX/GETTY IMAGES (POPC0RN)

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You can become a Junior Journalist and share the stories that shape your
world. We’ll put a new mission in every issue of TIME for Kids. Tell us your
thoughts, or interview your friends. Send stories, photos, drawings, or
videos. Get creative, get reporting, and let your voice be heard!
Ask a parent or guardian to learn more at:

timeforkids.com/tfkpressclub

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Another Random Scribd Document
with Unrelated Content
 Again appears to be
An unsubstantial, fairy place,
That is fit home for thee!

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

Biography. William Wordsworth (1770-1850) was born in the

beautiful Cumberland Highlands of northern England, which
furnished the inspiration for most of his poetry. While still a young
man, he retired to the beautiful Lake Country of northern England,
where he lived a simple life. He was devoted to the cause of
liberty; he was a believer in the beauty and charm of the humble
life; he often wrote about peasants rather than about lords and
ladies and knights of romance. His flower poems and bird poems
show the simplicity and sincerity of his nature.
Note. The cuckoo is a European bird noted for its two-syllable
whistle, in imitation of which it is named; also for its habit of
laying eggs in the nests of other birds for them to hatch, instead
of building a nest of its own.
Discussion. 1. Why does the poet call the cuckoo “a
wandering voice”? 2. What other names does the poet call the
cuckoo? 3. To what habit of the cuckoo does this poem call
attention? 4. Why does the poet say a “fairy place” is a fit home
for the cuckoo? 5. What “golden time” is mentioned?
Phrases

thy twofold shout, 50, 6

at once far off and near, 50, 8
tale of visionary hours, 50, 11
beget that golden time again, 51, 11
 THE BIRDS’ ORCHESTRA

CELIA THAXTER

Bobolink shall play the violin,

Great applause to win;
Lonely, sweet, and sad, the meadow-lark
Plays the oboe. Hark!
Yellow-bird the clarionet shall play,
Blithe, and clear, and gay.
Purple-finch what instrument will suit?
He can play the flute.
Fire-winged blackbirds sound the merry fife,
Soldiers without strife;
And the robins wind the mellow horn
Loudly, eve and morn.
Who shall clash the cymbals? Jay and crow,
That is all they know;
And, to roll the deep melodious drum,
Lo! the bull-frogs come.
Then the splendid chorus! Who shall sing
Of so fine a thing?
Who the names of the performers call
Truly, one and all?

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

For Biography, see page 48.

Discussion. 1. What instruments compose the birds’ orchestra?
2. Why does the poet say the jay and crow are assigned to the
cymbals? 3. Explain: “fire-winged” blackbirds. 4. What leads you
to think that the author knew those birds intimately? 5. Do you
think the chorus would be pleasing? 6. What assignments do you
think are particularly apt?
Phrases

soldiers without strife, 52, 10

wind the mellow horn, 52, 11
clash the cymbals, 52, 13
roll the deep melodious drum, 52, 15

FLOWERS AND TREES

TO THE FRINGED GENTIAN

WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT

 Thou blossom, bright with autumn dew,
And colored with the heaven’s own blue,
That openest when the quiet light
Succeeds the keen and frosty night;

Thou comest not when violets lean

O’er wandering brooks and springs unseen,
Or columbines, in purple dressed,
Nod o’er the ground bird’s hidden nest.

Thou waitest late, and com’st alone,

When woods are bare and birds are flown,
And frosts and shortening days portend
The aged year is near his end.

Then doth thy sweet and quiet eye

Look through its fringes to the sky,
Blue—blue—as if that sky let fall
A flower from its cerulean wall.

I would that thus, when I shall see

The hour of death draw near to me,
Hope, blossoming within my heart,
May look to heaven as I depart.

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

For Biography, see page 41.

Discussion. 1. To whom is this poem addressed? 2. What
words tell you the time of year that the fringed gentian blooms? 3.
What words does the poet use to tell the color of the gentian? 4.
When does it open? 5. What words does Bryant use to mean early
morning? 6. When do violets come and in what kind of soil do
they grow? 7. What words in the poem tell you this? 8. What does
the poet tell you about the violets when he says they “lean,” and
about the columbine when he says it “nods”? 9. What signs of
approaching winter does the poet mention? 10. Why does the
poet repeat “blue” in the third line of stanza 4? 11. Of what is this
color a symbol? 12. To what in his life does Bryant compare the
end of the year? 13. In this comparison what does the little flower
represent?
Phrases

heaven’s own blue, 53, 2

quiet light succeeds, 53, 3
shortening days portend, 53, 11
cerulean wall, 53, 16

VIOLET! SWEET VIOLET!

JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL

 Violet! sweet violet!
Thine eyes are full of tears;
Are they wet
Even yet
With the thought of other years?
Or with gladness are they full,
For the night so beautiful,
And longing for those far-off spheres?

Loved-one of my youth thou wast,

Of my merry youth,
And I see,
Tearfully,
All the fair and sunny past,
All its openness and truth,
Ever fresh and green in thee
As the moss is in the sea.

Thy little heart, that hath with love

Grown colored like the sky above,
On which thou lookest ever,
Can it know
All the woe
Of hope for what returneth never,
All the sorrow and the longing
To these hearts of ours belonging?

Out on it! no foolish pining

For the sky
Dims thine eye,
Or for the stars so calmly shining;
Like thee let this soul of mine
Take hue from that wherefor I long,
Self-stayed and high, serene and strong,
Not satisfied with hoping—but divine.
Violet! dear violet!
 Violet! dear violet!
Thy blue eyes are only wet
With joy and love of him who sent thee,
And for the fulfilling sense
Of that glad obedience
Which made thee all that nature meant thee!

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

Biography. James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) came of one of

the oldest and most influential New England families. Born in an
atmosphere of learning, in the old family home in historic
Cambridge, at the very doors of Harvard College, he enjoyed
every advantage for culture that inherited tastes, ample means,
and convenient opportunity could offer. Besides the facilities of the
college near by, his father’s library, in which he roamed at will
from his very infancy, was one of the richest in the whole country.
It is not strange, then, that he grew to be one of the most
scholarly Americans of his time.
After leaving college he studied law and opened an office in
Boston. He became deeply interested in the political issues of the
times and was thus stirred to his first serious efforts in literature.
In 1848 appeared his “Vision of Sir Launfal,” founded upon the
legend of the Holy Grail, and one of the most spiritually beautiful
poems in any literature. Few patriotic poems surpass his
“Commemoration Ode.” Besides his poetical works he wrote many
essays and books of travel and of criticism. He succeeded
Longfellow in his professorship at Harvard, and was the first editor
of the Atlantic Monthly. He served successively as Minister to
Spain and to England.
Discussion. 1. In the first stanza, how does the poet account
for the violet’s eyes being “full of tears”? 2. To the poet what does
the violet represent? 3. What vision does the violet bring to the
poet? 4. How does the poet account for the color of the violet? 5.
What change in the poet’s feeling is noted in the fourth stanza? 6.
From what does the poet say his soul must “take hue”? 7. How
does the poet in the last lines of the poem account for the violet’s
eyes being “full of tears”?
Phrases

far-off spheres, 54, 8

fair and sunny past, 55, 1
fulfilling sense, 55, 24
glad obedience, 55, 25

TO THE DANDELION

JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL

 Dear common flower, that grow’st beside the way,
Fringing the dusty road with harmless gold,
First pledge of blithesome May,
Which children pluck, and, full of pride, uphold,
High-hearted buccaneers, o’erjoyed that they
An Eldorado in the grass have found,
Which not the rich earth’s ample round
May match in wealth—thou art more dear to me
Than all the prouder summer-blooms may be.

Gold such as thine ne’er drew the Spanish prow

Through the primeval hush of Indian seas,
Nor wrinkled the lean brow
Of age, to rob the lover’s heart of ease;
’Tis the spring’s largess, which she scatters now
To rich and poor alike, with lavish hand,
Though most hearts never understand
To take it at God’s value, but pass by
The offered wealth with unrewarded eye.

Thou art my tropics and mine Italy;

To look at thee unlocks a warmer clime;
The eyes thou givest me
Are in the heart, and heed not space or time;
Not in mid June the golden-cuirassed bee
Feels a more summer-like warm ravishment
In the white lily’s breezy tent,
His fragrant Sybaris, than I, when first
From the dark green thy yellow circles burst.

Then think I of deep shadows on the grass—

Of meadows where in sun the cattle graze,
Where, as the breezes pass,
The gleaming rushes lean a thousand ways—
Of leaves that slumber in a cloudy mass,
Or whiten in the wind—of waters blue
 Or whiten in the wind of waters blue
That from the distance sparkle through
Some woodland gap—and of a sky above,
Where one white cloud like a stray lamb doth move.

My childhood’s earliest thoughts are linked with thee;

The sight of thee calls back the robin’s song,
Who, from the dark old tree
Beside the door, sang clearly all day long,
And I, secure in childish piety,
Listened as if I heard an angel sing
With news from heaven, which he could bring
Fresh every day to my untainted ears,
When birds and flowers and I were happy peers.

How like a prodigal doth nature seem,

When thou, for all thy gold, so common art!
Thou teachest me to deem
More sacredly of every human heart,
Since each reflects in joy its scanty gleam
Of heaven, and could some wondrous secret show
Did we but pay the love we owe,
And with a child’s undoubting wisdom look
On all these living pages of God’s book.

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

For Biography, see page 55.

Discussion. 1. In which stanzas does the poet express his love
for the dandelion? 2. Which stanzas tell why the dandelion is so
dear to the poet? 3. Where must the poet have lived to learn what
he tells us in these stanzas? 4. Use your own words for “rich
earth’s ample round.” 5. Name some “prouder summer-blooms.” 6.
What gold “drew the Spanish prow,” and through what “Indian
seas”? 7. What gold wrinkles “the lean brow of age” and robs “the
lover’s heart of ease”? How does the dandelion’s gold differ from
it? 8. Explain the last three lines of stanza 2, and name any other
common things we do not value enough. 9. How can the poet
look at the dandelion, but see the tropics and Italy? 10. What
“eyes are in the heart, and heed not space or time”? 11. Has a
poet more vivid imagination than other people? Why? 12.
Compare the expression “eyes are in the heart, and heed not
space or time” with that of Wordsworth in “The Daffodils,” page
59, lines 21 and 22, “that inward eye which is the bliss of
solitude,” and with that of Trowbridge in “Midwinter,” page 83,
lines 15 and 16, “in my inmost ear is heard the music of a holier
bird.” 13. Is there a similar idea in these expressions? 14. Which
do you like best, “inward eye,” “inmost ear,” or “eyes in the
heart”? 15. The dandelion is compared to gold and to sunshine;
which comparison had the poet in mind in the first two lines of the
last stanza? In the next four lines? 16. The flower reflects its
“scanty gleam of heaven” in glowing color; how can human hearts
reflect it?
Phrases

pledge of blithesome May, 58, 3

high-hearted buccaneers, 56, 5
primeval hush, 56, 11
spring’s largess, 57, 1
lavish hand, 57, 2
unrewarded eye, 57, 5
golden-cuirassed bee, 57, 10
childish piety, 57, 28
untainted ears, 57, 31
living pages, 58, 9
 THE DAFFODILS

WILLIAM WORDSWORTH

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o’er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but they

Outdid the sparkling waves in glee;
A poet could not but be gay
In such a jocund company;
I gazed—and gazed—but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought;

For oft when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
 NOTES AND QUESTIONS

For Biography, see page 51.

Discussion. 1. What picture do the first two stanzas give you?
2. To whom does “I” refer? 3. Point out the comparison and the
things compared in stanza 1; in stanza 2. 4. Why does the poet
use the word “host” when he has already spoken of a “crowd”? 5.
Explain the peculiar fitness of the word “sprightly.” 6. What lines
particularly express life and gayety?

THE TRAILING ARBUTUS

JOHN G. WHITTIER
 I wandered lonely where the pine-trees made
Against the bitter East their barricade,
And, guided by its sweet
Perfume, I found, within a narrow dell,
The trailing spring flower tinted like a shell
Amid dry leaves and mosses at my feet.

From under dead boughs, for whose loss the pines

Moaned ceaseless overhead, the blossoming vines
Lifted their glad surprise,
While yet the bluebird smoothed in leafless trees
His feathers ruffled by the chill sea-breeze,
And snow-drifts lingered under April skies.

As, pausing o’er the lonely flower I bent,

I thought of lives thus lowly, clogged, and pent,
Which yet find room,
Through care and cumber, coldness and decay,
To lend a sweetness to the ungenial day,
And make the sad earth happier for their bloom.

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

Biography. John Greenleaf Whittier (1807-1892) was born

near the little town of Haverhill, Massachusetts, in the same
county as Salem, the birthplace of Hawthorne. The old farmhouse
in which Whittier was born was built by the poet’s great-great-
grandfather. It still stands to mark the site of the old home. His
family were Quakers, sturdy of stature as of character. Whittier’s
boyhood was in complete contrast to that of Lowell or Longfellow.
He led the life of a typical New England farm boy, used to hard
work, no luxuries, and few pleasures. His library consisted of
practically one book, the family Bible, which was later
supplemented by a copy of Burns’s poems, loaned him by the
district schoolmaster. Whittier is often compared with Burns in the
simple homeliness of his style, his patriotism, his fiery indignation
at wrong, and his sympathy with the humble and the oppressed.
Discussion. 1. Where did the poet find “the trailing spring
flower”? 2. Have you found it? Where? When? 3. What beautiful
thought came to the poet while he bent over the arbutus? 4. Have
you known lowly lives that made the earth happier by their
presence? 5. The poet found the lowly flower that lends
“sweetness to the ungenial day”; can we find the lowly person
who “makes the earth happier”? 6. What does Nature teach
through the lowly trailing arbutus? 7. What other selections by this
author have you read?
Phrases

bitter East, 60, 2

glad surprise, 60, 9
clogged, and pent, 60, 14
ungenial day, 60, 17

TO A MOUNTAIN DAISY

ROBERT BURNS
Wee, modest, crimson-tippèd flow’r,
Thou’s met me in an evil hour;
For I maun[1] I crush amang the stoure[2]
Thy slender stem.
To spare thee now is past my pow’r,
Thou bonnie[3] gem.

Alas! it’s no thy neebor sweet,

The bonnie Lark, companion meet,
Bending thee ’mang the dewy weet,[4]
Wi’ speckl’d breast!
When upward-springing, blythe, to greet
The purpling east.

Cauld blew the bitter-biting north

Upon thy early, humble birth;
Yet cheerfully thou glinted forth
Amid the storm,
Scarce rear’d above the parent-earth
Thy tender form.

The flaunting flow’rs our gardens yield,

High shelt’ring woods and wa’s[5] maun shield.
But thou, beneath the random bield[6]
O’ clod or stane,
Adorns the histie[7] stibble[8]-field,
Unseen, alane.

There, in thy scanty mantle clad,

Thy snawie bosom sunward spread,
Thou lifts thy unassuming head
In humble guise;
But now the share uptears thy bed,
And low thou lies!
 Such is the fate of simple Bard,
On life’s rough ocean luckless starr’d!
Unskillful he to note the card[9]
Of prudent lore,
Till billows rage, and gales blow hard,
And whelm him o’er!

Such fate to suffering worth is giv’n,

Who long with wants and woes has striv’n,
By human pride or cunning driv’n
To mis’ry’s brink,
Till wrench’d of ev’ry stay but Heav’n,
He, ruin’d, sink!

Ev’n thou who mourn’st the Daisy’s fate,

That fate is thine—no distant date;
Stern Ruin’s plowshare drives, elate,
Full on thy bloom,
Till crush’d beneath the furrow’s weight
Shall be thy doom!

[1] maun, must.

[2] stoure, dust.
[3] bonnie, pretty.
[4] weet, wet.
[5] wa’s, walls.
[6] bield, shelter.
[7] histie, barren.
[8] stibble, stubble.
[9] card, compass-face.

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

 Biography. Robert Burns (1759-1796) was a Scottish poet,
whose home was near Ayr, in Scotland. His life was short and
filled with poverty and hardship, but he saw beauty in the
common things of life and had a heart full of sympathy. He wrote
this poem at a time when he was in great trouble. His farm was
turning out badly, the soil was sour and wet, his crops were
failures, and he saw nothing but ruin before him. Burns’s
tenderness and sympathy are shown in the feeling expressed in
this poem at crushing the flower.
Discussion. 1. How does the English daisy, which Burns
describes in the first line of the poem, differ from the daisy that
you know, the American daisy? 2. Select and give the meaning of
words that illustrate Burns’s use of the Scotch dialect. 3. Picture
the incident related in the first stanza. 4. What do you know about
the lark that helps you to understand why it is called the daisy’s
“companion” and “neebor”? 5. What comparison is made between
the daisy and the garden flowers? 6. What “share” is mentioned in
stanza 5? 7. What characteristic of the flower does Burns seem to
like best?
Phrases

companion meet, 61, 8

purpling east, 61, 12
glinted forth, 61, 15
parent-earth, 61, 17
unassuming head, 62, 9
humble guise, 62, 10
luckless starr’d, 62, 14
prudent lore, 62, 16
 SWEET PEAS

JOHN KEATS

Here are sweet peas, on tiptoe for a flight,

With wings of gentle flush o’er delicate white,
And taper fingers catching at all things,
To bind them all about with tiny rings.
Linger a while upon some bending planks
That lean against a streamlet’s rushy banks,
And watch intently Nature’s gentle doings;
They will be found softer than ringdove’s cooings.
How silent comes the water round that bend!
Not the minutest whisper does it send
To the o’erhanging sallows; blades of grass
Slowly across the checkered shadows pass.

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

Biography. John Keats (1795-1821) was of humble birth,

being the son of a London stablekeeper. He lived at the time of
Wordsworth, Byron, Shelley, and Leigh Hunt, from all of whom he
gathered inspiration. His years were few, and his fame did not
come while he was living. He had a passion for beauty, which
found expression in all his poetry. On account of failing health he
went to Rome in 1820, where he died the year following.
Discussion. 1. Why does the poet say sweet peas are “on
tiptoe for a flight”? 2. What are the wings of the sweet pea? 3.
The poet tells of the perfect stillness of the moving water in the
stream; what words does he use in lines immediately preceding to
prepare you for this stillness? 4. What picture does the last
sentence of the poem give you?
 Phrases

rushy banks, 63, 6

ringdove’s cooings, 63, 8
o’erhanging sallows, 63, 11
checkered shadows, 63, 12

CHORUS OF FLOWERS

LEIGH HUNT
 We are the sweet flowers,
Born of sunny showers;
Think, whene’er you see us, what our beauty saith;
Utterance, mute and bright,
Of some unknown delight,
We fill the air with pleasure by our simple breath.
All who see us love us.
We befit all places.
Unto sorrow we give smiles, and unto graces, graces.

Mark our ways, how noiseless

All, and sweetly voiceless,
Though the March winds pipe to make our passage clear;
Not a whisper tells
Where our small seed dwells,
Nor is known the moment green when our tips appear.
We thread the earth in silence;
In silence build our bowers;
And leaf by leaf in silence show, till we laugh atop sweet flowers.

See and scorn all duller!

Taste how Heaven loves color!
How great Nature, clearly, joys in red and green!
What sweet thoughts she thinks
Of violets and pinks,
And a thousand flashing hues made solely to be seen;
See her whitest lilies
Chill the silver showers;
And what a red mouth has her rose, the woman of her flowers!

Uselessness divinest,
Of a use the finest,
Painteth us, the teachers of the end of use.
Travelers, weary-eyed,
Bless us far and wide;
Unto sick and prisoned thoughts we give sudden truce
Unto sick and prisoned thoughts we give sudden truce.
Not a poor town window
Loves its sickliest planting,
But its wall speaks loftier truth than Babylonian vaunting.

Sagest yet the uses

Mixed with our sweet juices,
Whether man or may-fly profits of the balm.
As fairy fingers healed
Knights of the olden field,
We hold cups of mightiest force to give the wildest calm.
E’en the terror, poison,
Hath its plea for blooming;
Life it gives to reverent lips, though death to the presuming.

And oh! our sweet soul-taker,

That thief, the honey-maker,
What a house hath he by the thymy glen!
In his talking rooms
How the feasting fumes,
Till his gold-cups overflow to the mouths of men!
The butterflies come aping
Those fine thieves of ours,
And flutter round our rifled tops like tickled flowers with flowers.

See those tops, how beauteous!

What fair service duteous
Round some idol waits, as on their lord the Nine?
Elfin court ’twould seem,
And taught, perchance, that dream
Which the old Greek mountain dreamt upon nights divine;
To expound such wonder,
Human speech avails not,
Yet there dies no poorest weed that such a glory exhales not.

Think of all these treasures,

Matchless works and pleasures,
E l th th ht
Every one a marvel, more than thought can say;
Then think in what bright showers
We thicken fields and bowers,
And with what heaps of sweetness half stifle wanton May.
Think of the mossy forests
By the bee-birds haunted,
And all those Amazonian plains, lone lying, as enchanted.

Trees themselves are ours;

Fruits are born of flowers;
Peach and roughest nut were blossoms in the spring.
The lusty bee knows well
The news, and comes pell-mell
And dances in the bloomy thicks with darksome antheming.
Beneath the very burden
Of planet-pressing ocean
We wash our smiling cheeks in peace, a thought for meek devotion.

Who shall say that flowers

Dress not heaven’s own bowers?
Who its love without them can fancy—or sweet floor?
Who shall even dare
To say we sprang not there,
And came not down, that Love might bring one piece of heaven the
more?
Oh! pray believe that angels
From those blue dominions
Brought us in their white laps down, ’twixt their golden pinions.

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

Biographical and Historical Note. Leigh Hunt (1784-1859)

was an English poet, journalist, and essayist. He was a personal
friend of Shelley and Byron, and an intimate friend of Keats. His
poems and essays are marked by a delightful style.
 The “Nine” (stanza 7) refers to the Muses, patronesses of
poetry and music, whose lord is Apollo, and who assembled on
Mount Parnassus or Mount Helicon, to hold learned discussions on
poetry, science, or music.
Discussion. 1. What is a chorus? 2. Who are the singers? 3.
What is the purpose of their song? 4. When you look at a flower,
what things are you apt to notice about it? 5. Name a poem you
have read that tells of the uses of a flower. 6. What poem that
you have read in this book celebrates the color of the flower? 7.
What familiar custom grows out of the belief that “unto sorrow we
give smiles”? That “unto graces [we give] graces”? 8. For what
purpose are flowers in “a thousand flashing hues”? 9. What things
are compared in the last line of stanza 4? 10. What uses of
flowers are pointed out in stanza 5? 11. In stanza 7 what is
compared with the “Nine” muses? 12. Read the lines that tell what
lesson the sea-weeds teach. 13. What does the last stanza
suggest as a possible source and use of flowers? 14. Which stanza
do you like best?
Phrases
born of sunny showers, 64, 2
sweetly voiceless, 64, 11
thread the earth, 64, 16
flashing hues, 65, 6
sickliest planting, 65, 17
Babylonian vaunting, 65, 18
reverent lips, 65, 27
death to the presuming, 65, 27
thymy glen, 65, 30
our rifled tops, 66, 4
Amazonian plains, 66, 22
comes pell-mell, 66, 27
darksome antheming, 66, 28
planet-pressing ocean, 66, 30
blue dominions, 67, 9
’twixt their golden pinions, 67, 9

TREES

JOYCE KILMER
 I think that I shall never see
A poem lovely as a tree;

A tree whose hungry mouth is prest

Against the earth’s sweet flowing breast;

A tree that looks at God all day,

And lifts her leafy arms to pray;

A tree that may in Summer wear

A nest of robins in her hair;

Upon whose bosom snow has lain;

Who intimately lives with rain.

Poems are made by fools like me,

But only God can make a tree.

NOTES AND QUESTIONS

Biography. Joyce Kilmer (1886-1918) was born in New

Brunswick, N. J. He was one of the first Americans to be deeply
moved by Germany’s challenge to humanity. He gave up his
journalistic career in New York, and enlisted seventeen days after
the United States declared war. He was attached to the
Intelligence Department of the army, one of his duties being to
precede the troops before an attack and find out the positions of
the enemy guns. He served during almost the whole of the battle
of the Marne until August first, 1918, when he received a mortal
wound. Kilmer was the first American man of letters to be killed in
the war. At the time of his enlistment he was the editor of poetry
for the Literary Digest.
 Discussion. 1. Do you agree with the poet’s conclusion given
in the first stanza? 2. What is the most beautiful poem you have
read? 3. What fact relating to the tree does the second couplet
tell? The third couplet? The fourth? The fifth? 4. What does the
last couplet tell you?
Phrases

hungry mouth, 68, 3

earth’s sweet flowing breast, 68, 4
looks at God all day, 68, 5
nest of robins in her hair, 68, 8

WINTER

THE GREAT BLIZZARD

HAMLIN GARLAND
 A blizzard on the prairie corresponds to a storm at sea; it never
affects the traveler twice alike. Each norther seems to have a
manner of attack all its own. One storm may be short, sharp, high-
keyed, and malevolent, while another approaches slowly,
relentlessly, wearing out the souls of its victims by its inexorable and
long-continued cold and gloom. One threatens for hours before it
comes, the other leaps like a tiger upon the defenseless settlement,
catching the children unhoused, the men unprepared; of this
character was the first blizzard Lincoln ever saw.
The day was warm and sunny. The eaves dripped musically, and
the icicles dropping from the roof fell occasionally with pleasant
crash. The snow grew slushy, and the bells of wood teams jingled
merrily all the forenoon, as the farmers drove to their timber-lands
five or six miles away. The room was uncomfortably warm at times,
and the master opened the outside door. It was the eighth day of
January. One afternoon recess, as the boys were playing in their
shirt-sleeves, Lincoln called Milton’s attention to a great cloud rising
in the west and north. A vast, slaty-blue, seamless dome, silent,
portentous, with edges of silvery frosty light.
“It’s going to storm,” said Milton. “It always does when we have a
south wind and a cloud like that in the west.”
When Lincoln set out for home, the sun was still shining, but the
edge of the cloud had crept, or more properly slid, across the sun’s
disk, and its light was growing cold and pale. In fifteen minutes
more the wind from the south ceased—there was a moment of
breathless pause, and then, borne on the wings of the north wind,
the streaming clouds of soft, large flakes of snow drove in a level
line over the homeward-bound scholars, sticking to their clothing
and faces and melting rapidly. It was not yet cold enough to freeze,
though the wind was colder. The growing darkness troubled Lincoln
most.
By the time he reached home, the wind was a gale, the snow a
vast blinding cloud, filling the air and hiding the road. Darkness
came on instantly, and the wind increased in power, as though with
the momentum of the snow. Mr. Stewart came home early, yet the
breasts of his horses were already sheathed in snow. Other
teamsters passed, breasting the storm, and calling cheerily to their
horses. One team, containing a woman and two men, neighbors
living seven miles north, gave up the contest, and turned in at the
gate for shelter, confident that they would be able to go on in the
morning. In the barn, while rubbing the ice from the horses, the
men joked and told stories in a jovial spirit, with the feeling generally
that all would be well by daylight. The boys made merry also,
singing songs, popping corn, playing games, in defiance of the
storm.
But when they went to bed, at ten o’clock, Lincoln felt some vague
premonition of a dread disturbance of nature, far beyond any other
experience in his short life. The wind howled like ten thousand
tigers, and the cold grew more and more intense. The wind seemed
to drive in and through the frail tenement; water and food began to
freeze within ten feet of the fire.
Lincoln thought the wind at that hour had attained its utmost fury,
but when he awoke in the morning, he saw how mistaken he had
been. He crept to the fire, appalled by the steady, solemn,
implacable clamor of the storm. It was like the roarings of all the
lions of Africa, the hissing of a wilderness of serpents, the lashing of
great trees. It benumbed his thinking, it appalled his heart, beyond
any other force he had ever known.
The house shook and snapped, the snow beat in muffled,
rhythmic pulsations against the walls, or swirled and lashed upon the
roof, giving rise to strange, multitudinous sounds; now dim and far,
now near and all-surrounding; producing an effect of mystery and
infinite reach, as though the cabin were a helpless boat, tossing on
an angry, limitless sea.
Looking out, there was nothing to be seen but the lashing of the
wind and snow. When the men attempted to face it, to go to the
rescue of the cattle, they found the air impenetrably filled with fine,
powdery snow, mixed with the dirt caught up from the plowed fields
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