Thebes Higher Institute of

Computer & Management Sciences

CS 350 Computer NetworksAb •

3 Credit Hrs
Lecture 1

Course Introduction

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Ab •

Dr. Khaled El Sayed El Helow.

[email protected]

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Conditions for successful course completion

 Method of evaluation and completion: Ab •

 Continuous assessment:
- two tests during the semester (mid-term test and end-term test)
 You should get at least 50% of total points to get credit

Final evaluation:
- Exam (written and verbal part)
 Lab Exam

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Ab •

100 Marks

60 Final
Class
Exam
work

10 Course Work 20 Midterm

10 Lab

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Recommended References: Ab •

James F. Kurose, K. W. (2013). ,

Computer Networking A Top-Down Approach Sixth Edition

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Contents
• Data communication fundamentals Ab •

• Networks Topologies and LAN Architectures

• Network architecture, Protocols, Components and OSI Model
• Collision Domains, Broadcast Domain, CSMA/CD Protocol,
Ethernet. Addressing using MAC
• Network Layer Services, Packet Switching, Network Layer
Protocols
• IPv4 Protocol and addresses, and IPv6 Protocols and addresses

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• Switched LANs, Switching Services,Switch Functions at Layer-2

• Switching Loop Problems, spanning tree protocol
Ab •

• Defining VLANs, Multi-Switch VLAN, Types of VLAN Links

• VLAN Trucking Protocols (VTP)
• Native VLAN, Management VLAN, Network Traffic Types,
Controlling Broadcast Domains with VLANs
• Introduction to Transport Layer, Transport Layer Protocols ,
Network Security Basics, Security Risk Mitigation Methods

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General Rules
Ab •

• Distract other students

• Coming late up to 10 min • Eating / sleeping
• Drinking – if the room permits it • Not attending the lecture and asking me
• Asking question any time to repeat it in office hours

• Correcting me when I make a mistake • Waiting for the last minute and asking to

• Skipping the lecture – Not very wise but ok review the whole semester
• Mobile phones

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Additional Hints
 Don’t wait until the last minute each week Ab •

 If you get stuck – move around – review material, search Google, then
come back
 When you look back, you will see that this was all *really* easy
When you feel stuck – communicate – ask a friend or come back to your
assistant or to me

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Why we study Computer Networks?

Ab •

Importance of computer networks:

Sharing of devices such as printers and scanners
Sharing of programs /software
Sharing of files
Sharing of data
Sharing of information

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Sharing of a single high-speed internet connection. Can access server centered

database
Ab •
Better communication using internet services such as : email mailing list and
Internet Relat Chat (IRC)

Benefits:
Save a lot of money
Increase workgroup collaborations
Increase productivity
Protect company data
Understand how lower-level network services and how those libraries work and
what is happening when something at the lower level goes wrong.

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Computer Network Fundamentals :

Ab •

1- Definition of computer networks, communication

2- Importance of computer network
3- Computer network classifications : Types, architectures, Topologies,
communications technologies.
4- OSI model and communication through internet
5- Mapping between OSI model and TCP/IP model
6- Data encapsulation and decapsulation
7- Network protocol (TCP,UDP)
8- Routing, routing table, routing protocols
9- Middleboxes.
10- Throughput, Bandwidth, QoS, Bottleneck.
11- Wireless networks (technologies, types)

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12- IEEE
13- Useful windows networking commands
Ab •

Definition of computer networks:

IS a collection of computers and devices connected together via communication
devices and transmission media.

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Ab •

Example :
Violating efficient use of resources it may connect computers, Printers and
Scanners

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Ab •

Example:
Reducing teamwork collaboration and data synchronization

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The Network components:

Any network must have: Ab •

Computer system.,
Network media:
Cables
Electrical signals
Pulses of light
Wireless
Radio frequencies
Network interface
Convert data to suitable formats
for media used
Network Protocol
A protocol is a standard pattern for
exchanging information
IP

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Computer Network Classifications :

Ab •

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Peer -to- peer

Ab •

Client- Server

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Network programming
• A network allows arbitrary applications to communicate.
Ab •
• Network programming is the act of using computer code to write programs
or processes that can communicate with other programs or processes across
a network.

• A “ programmable” network has RFID (Radio Frequency identification) in

its infrastructure that developers can use to program applications and other
components to interact directly with the network.

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Computer Networks Types :

Ab •

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Difference Between Computer Networks Types :

Ab •

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Computer Networks Architecture

Ab •

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Computer Networks communication Technology

Ab •

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The OSI Model (Open System Interconnection Model)

Ab •

• Was published in 1984 by the International Organization for

standardization (ISO)
• Conceptual framework used to describe the functions of networking
system (universal set of rules and protocols and requirements in order to
support compatibility between different products and software).
• In the OSI reference model, the communications between a computing
system are split into seven different abstraction layers.
• Still used today to describe Network Architecture.

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Network Protocol: (What is the Network Protocol ? )

Is a set of rules that governs the communications between computers on
Ab •
network.
These rules include guidelines that regulate the following characteristics of a
network:
1- Access method
2- Allowed physical topologies
3- Types of cabling
4- Speed of data transfer

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Layer 1: Application Layer Ab •

This layer consists of the user-level programs and network services.

Some examples are telnet, FTP, and TFTP

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Layer 2: Presentation Layer

This layer performs the translation between the data representation local to
Ab •
the computer and the processor-independent format that is sent across the
network. It can also negotiate the transfer formats in some protocol suites.

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Layer 3: Session Layer

This layer manages sessions between cooperating applications.
Ab •

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Layer 4: Transport Layer

This layer provides end-to-end sequenced delivery of data.
Ab •
It is the lowest layer that provides applications and higher layers with end-to-
end service. This layer hides the topology and characteristics of the underlying
network from users. It provides reliable end-to-end data delivery if the service
characteristics require it.

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Layer 5: Network Layer

This layer is responsible for routing machine-to-machine communications.
Ab •
It determines the path a transmission must take, based upon the destination
machine's address. This layer must also respond to network congestion
problems.

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Layer 6: Data Link Layer

This layer manages the reliable delivery of data across the physical network.
Ab •
For example, it provides the abstraction of a reliable connection over the
potentially unreliable physical layer.

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Layer 7: Physical Layer

This layer specifies the physical media connecting hosts and networks,
Ab •
and the procedures used to transfer data between machines using a specified
media. This layer is commonly referred to as the hardware layer of the model.

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