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Inheritance in C#

The document explains various types of inheritance in C#, including Single, Multilevel, Hierarchical, Multiple (via Interfaces), and Hybrid inheritance. Each type is defined with syntax and examples demonstrating how classes and interfaces can inherit properties and methods. A summary table is also provided, indicating whether each inheritance type is supported in C# along with corresponding examples.

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5 views

Inheritance in C#

The document explains various types of inheritance in C#, including Single, Multilevel, Hierarchical, Multiple (via Interfaces), and Hybrid inheritance. Each type is defined with syntax and examples demonstrating how classes and interfaces can inherit properties and methods. A summary table is also provided, indicating whether each inheritance type is supported in C# along with corresponding examples.

Uploaded by

devil289wl
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inheritance in C#

Definition:
Inheritance is an object-oriented feature that allows a class (derived/child class) to acquire
members (fields, methods, etc.) from another class (base/parent class).

1. Single Inheritance

 One derived class inherits from one base class.


 Most basic and commonly used form of inheritance.

Syntax:

class BaseClass
{
// base members
}

class DerivedClass : BaseClass


{
// derived members
}

Example:

using System;

class Vehicle
{
public void Start()
{
Console.WriteLine("Vehicle is starting...");
}
}

class Car : Vehicle


{
public void Drive()
{
Console.WriteLine("Car is driving...");
}
}

class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Car myCar = new Car();
myCar.Start();
myCar.Drive();
}
}

Output:

Vehicle is starting...
Car is driving...

2. Multilevel Inheritance

 A class inherits from a derived class, forming a chain.


 Base → Intermediate → Derived

Syntax:

class A { }
class B : A { }
class C : B { }

Example:

using System;

class Person
{
public void Info()
{
Console.WriteLine("I am a person.");
}
}

class Employee : Person


{
public void Work()
{
Console.WriteLine("Employee is working.");
}
}

class Manager : Employee


{
public void Manage()
{
Console.WriteLine("Manager is managing the team.");
}
}

class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Manager m = new Manager();
m.Info();
m.Work();
m.Manage();
}
}

Output:

I am a person.
Employee is working.
Manager is managing the team.

3. Hierarchical Inheritance

 Multiple classes inherit from the same base class.


 Useful when multiple derived classes share common features.

Syntax:

class Base { }
class A : Base { }
class B : Base { }

Example:

using System;

class Animal
{
public void Eat()
{
Console.WriteLine("Animal is eating...");
}
}

class Dog : Animal


{
public void Bark()
{
Console.WriteLine("Dog is barking...");
}
}

class Cat : Animal


{
public void Meow()
{
Console.WriteLine("Cat is meowing...");
}
}

class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Dog d = new Dog();
d.Eat();
d.Bark();

Cat c = new Cat();


c.Eat();
c.Meow();
}
}

Output:

Animal is eating...
Dog is barking...
Animal is eating...
Cat is meowing...

4. Multiple Inheritance (via Interfaces)

 C# does not support multiple class inheritance, but it allows multiple interface
implementation.
 Used to achieve multiple behaviors without ambiguity.

Syntax:

interface A { }
interface B { }

class C : A, B { }

Example:

using System;

interface IReader
{
void Read();
}

interface IWriter
{
void Write();
}

class Author : IReader, IWriter


{
public void Read()
{
Console.WriteLine("Author is reading...");
}

public void Write()


{
Console.WriteLine("Author is writing...");
}
}

class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Author a = new Author();
a.Read();
a.Write();
}
}

Output:

Author is reading...
Author is writing...
5. Hybrid Inheritance (Using Interfaces)

 A combination of two or more types of inheritance.


 Not directly supported with classes but possible via classes + interfaces.

Syntax:

interface A { }
class B { }
class C : B, A { }

Example:

using System;

interface IWorker
{
void DoWork();
}

class Person
{
public void Talk()
{
Console.WriteLine("Person is talking...");
}
}

class Engineer : Person, IWorker


{
public void DoWork()
{
Console.WriteLine("Engineer is solving problems...");
}
}

class Program
{
static void Main()
{
Engineer e = new Engineer();
e.Talk();
e.DoWork();
}
}

Output:

Person is talking...
Engineer is solving problems...

Summary Table

Inheritance Supported in
Description Example Shown
Type C#?
One class inherits from one base
Single ✅ Yes Vehicle → Car
class
Derived class is inherited by Person → Employee →
Multilevel ✅ Yes
another derived class Manager
Multiple classes inherit from one
Hierarchical ✅ Yes Animal → Dog, Cat
base class
One class implements multiple ✅ Yes (via Author : IReader,
Multiple
interfaces interfaces) IWriter
Combination of class and interface Engineer : Person,
Hybrid ✅ Yes
inheritance IWorker

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