BONALESEDI COMPUTER TRAINING – COMPUTER COURSE

Introduction to Windows 7
And Introduction
To Computers

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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

COMPUTER LITERACY:

Our world keeps changing every day. Computers are everywhere, in the government
building, banks and in every shop or every place you go. And if you don’t how to use the
computer, you’ll be left behind.

And as with most things in life, if you would like to become an expert in computers, you
will need to start at the beginning. And this is to start learning about the basics of the
computer and understand how the computer work before you start even switching the
computer on.

Computer literacy consists of:

1. Is to learn how the computer work and the function of each part and components
connected to the computer.

2. Second is to learn how to use different programs of the computer, then you will
be a software user of the computer.

3. To learn how to fix and solve the problems in the computer you will learn the
hardware of the computer.

4. Is to learn how to make (write) the programs for the computer which called
computer programming.

What is the computer?

Computer is an electronic machine that accepts data as input, then process it and give
The computer also can store information (data) and programs.

DATA- RESULTS
INFORMATION- (OUTPUT)
INSTRUCTION
(INPUT)

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What does the computer consist of?

A computer consists of hardware (parts we can see and touch) and software (Computer
Programms).

HARDWARE:

Include all the physical part of the computer and all the devices we connect to the
computer.

SOFTWARE:

And that’s all the computer programs. There are three types of software:

a. System software (operating system): These programs helps the computer

to be functional and its control the function/jobs of all the parts of the
computer. Example: Windows, DOS, UNIX.

b. Application software: All the extra programs that we buy and install into our
computer to use for certain purpose. Examples: typing, accounting, music,
designing.

c. Utility software: This software helps to improve the performance of the computer
and to protect your computer. Example: Making backup (copying) your files,
antivirus (protect your computer).

INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICES:

The function of the computer is to receive information/instruction from us process it and

give us the results, that’s make any device we connect to the computer either an Input
device or an Output device.

Input device: every device that we connect to the computer to instruct the computer or to
put information in the computer.

These are some examples of input devices:

1. Mouse: we use it to instruct the computer and to even switch off the
computer. The mouse work in two steps: Movement: is to point at the file or
the program we want to open. Click: is to instruct the computer what to do
with that file or that program.

2. Keyboard: we use it to communicate with the computer and

to inter information/data to the computer.

3. Touch Pad: It’s a small flat square surface used as mouse

and usually we find it in the laptops.

4. Scanner: we use it to copy any document/photos into our

computer.

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5. Personal computer video camera (Webcam): its a small camera that you connect
to the computer and it comes with its own software (program), and we can
use it to take photos, videos and we can use it to communicate with family
and family friends through the internet.

Output devices: every device that we connect to the computer to get the get the
results from the computer.

1. Screen/Monitor: we use it to see our results from the computer.

2. Printers: we use the printers to print our documents, and we can print our
documents in black and white or full colors and we can choose the size of
the paper and the quality/type of papers we want to print on.

These are different types of printers:

a. Inkjet printers: this printer use ink to print the document and it
comes with two cartridges, black (with black ink) and color (with
color ink).

b. Laser printers: these printers use laser to print the document

and it’s also print black and color.

c. Photo printers: it’s a special printer that we use to print photos by

connecting our digital camera or inserting our memory stick in the printer
and we choose the photos we want to print.

3. Data projector: we connect the projector to our computer/laptop to display the

information from the computer/laptop.

Storage components: these components have two functions; one is to store information
and second is to transfer information. Examples of storage components:

a. Floppy disk.

b. CD (compact disk) and DVD.

c. Memory stick (flash drive).

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CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

It can be regarded as the brain of the computer, because all the processing of
the instruction and the information take place in the CPU.

The CPU consists of three units:

1. The control unit: when the instruction and the information go the CPU,
the control unit will receive it first, and analysis it and the CPU will process it and
the result will come out from the CPU through the control unit. And the control
unit also control and manage the function of the other two units in the CPU.

2. The memory of the computer: There are two types of memory in the computer:

a. Read Only Memory (ROM): it is the permanent memory of the computer, and the
information in the ROM helps the computer to be functional and it cannot be
changed or deleted.

b. Random Access Memory (RAM): it is the temporary memory of the computer,

where all the programs and the files will be saved and store in. The information
inside the RAM (programs and files) can be changed and deleted.

3. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU): it is the unit in charge of all the calculation and
mathematical function in the computer.

foundation

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1 - The Desktop

The Desktop is the main Windows 7 screen (see image below). It is the work area where
dialog boxes, windows, icons, and menus appear. Like an office desk, the Windows 7
desktop contains items you can use to do your job. For instance, from your desktop, you
can perform file-management tasks and run software applications. You can
Customize the appearance of the desktop to suit your preferences.

Desktop Icons

The Desktop is where you’ll find icons (small pictures) for many of your most frequently
used programs. You’ll most likely see icons for Computer, Documents, Recycle Bin, and
Internet Explorer.

Computer – Allows you to see what drives are attached to your computer (for example,
your local hard disk drive, your CD/DVD drives, any networked shared drives, and
external drives, such as a USB flash drive). You can also view the files that are located
on these drives.

Documents – Supplies a ‘catch-all’ place for your personal files. Within here you can
see your files, any shared files from other computer users and any music or pictures you
may have stored. The Documents folder will sometimes be identified by your name
instead of the word “Documents.”

Recycle Bin – Stores any files you delete until you empty it.

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Internet Explorer – Contains Windows’ built in web browser that integrates with other
Windows components (such as your folders and Documents).
Creating Icons – To create an icon, right-click anywhere on the Desktop and choose
New Shortcut. Browse for the file or program you want to create the icon for, click Next,
name your icon, then click Finish.

Deleting Icons – To delete an icon, either right-click on the icon and select Delete, or
click once on the icon and press the Delete key on your keyboard.

Renaming Icons – To rename an icon, right-click on the icon and choose Rename. You
can then type in the new name. Also, try clicking once on the icon, wait half a second,
then click it a second time. The text area will be visible and you can type a new name.

Desktop – Allows you to set the Desktop background picture.

Display – Allows you to set your screen resolution and other advanced monitor and
video settings.

Screen Saver – Allows you to set a screen saver and its time interval. A screen saver is
a picture or animation that covers your screen and appears when your computer is idle
for a set period of time.

Sounds – Changes which sounds are heard when you do everything from receiving e-
mail to emptying your

Window Themes – Allows you to set a theme for Windows which includes changing

visual or auditory elements associated with menus, icons, backgrounds, screen savers,
mouse pointers and some computer sounds. Users can set some aspects of Windows 7
to visually look like Windows XP.
Taskbar – Shows any programs or files you currently have open. You can click the
toolbar buttons to go back and forth between open items.

The new Windows 7 Taskbar is considerably different from previous incarnations of

Windows. It now combines the functions of the traditional Taskbar, which was a place to
show which programs were open and allow a user to switch between programs, and the
Quick Launch toolbar, which was a small area that contained shortcuts to frequently
used programs.

Start Menu Basics

The Start Menu is, appropriately enough, your starting point in

Windows 7. All of your programs, settings, etc. can be accessed
here. To begin using it, click the Windows Icon button in the bottom
left corner or press the Windows key on your keyboard. Here are
some common items you’ll use on the Start Menu.

Documents – Many users will remember this item as “My

Documents”. From this menu item, users can access all of their
files stored in the location.

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Pictures – From here, users can find all of their pictures stored in this location.

Music – Users will find their music files stored in this location.

All Programs Menu – Stores most of your options, such as the programs you have
installed on your computer including Microsoft Office.

Search programs and files– Allows you to quickly search for files, folder and programs
on your entire system.

Recently Used Programs – Provides quick access to programs that you use frequently
by placing them just above the Start button.

Help and Support – Takes you to the Windows 7 Help Center.

Devices and Printers – Allows you to view printers and devices currently installed on
your system.

Control Panel –Allows you quick access to programs that do everything from removing
your programs to adjusting your mouse settings and setting up a firewall.

Shut Down – Powers down the system. You can access more power options by clicking
the arrow to the right.

The computer screen (formerly known as My Computer) has changed slightly in

Windows 7. Along with showing all
of the various drives attached to
your computer, you also have an
“Explorer” type view on the left
side that will allow you easy
access to the contents of those
drives. Read more about the
options available on this screen on
the next page.

Hard Disk Drives – This area lists

all of the physical hard drives you
have installed in your computer.
This does not include any external
hard drives or flash drives.
Devices with Removable
Storage – This area lists any
external hard drives, flash drives,
or CD/DVD drives.

.
Network Locations – This area lists any network drives you may be connected to. On-
campus computers will have access to the Home (H:\) drive, which is your personal

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network space, the Shared (K:\) drive, which is shared among users in your department,
and the Apps (I:\) drive, which stores applications that CaTS provides

Recycle Bin – It’s a good idea to empty your Recycle Bin occasionally. Files can build
up in here and take up valuable space. To do so, right-click on the Recycle Bin’s icon
and select Empty Recycle Bin.

Burning Data to a CD

Burning a CD or DVD is great for backing up data, transferring it to another computer,

mailing it to someone, or archiving older files to free up hard drive space. To burn a CD
follow the steps below:
1. Insert a blank disc into your PC.
2. The Autoplay dialog box appears, asking whether you intend for this CD or DVD to
hold computer files or music.
3. Click the “Burn files to disc” link.
4. Type the name for the disc, but before clicking next, review the following options:
a. Like a USB Flash Drive: Live File System is a new format that allows you to drag files
and folders onto it in real time. You can think of it as a thumb drive.
5. With a CD/DVD player: Mastered format is the most widely used and allows you to
drag the files/folders into its window. The PC duplicates the items, parking it in an
invisible, temporary holding area until you’re ready to burn. You burn all files and folders
at once.
6. Choose one of the options, and then click “Next.”
7. Add files and folders into the disc’s window with one of the following options:
a. Drag the items into the open CD/DVD window or onto the disc burner’s icon in the
Computer window.
b. Highlight the files you want burned onto the CD. Choose Organize -> Copy. Click in
the CD/DVD window, and then choose Organize -> Paste to copy the material there.
c. Explore your hard drive and whenever you find a file/folder you’d like backed up, right-
click it.
8. Click the “Burn to disc” button near the top of the window.
9. Follow the prompts to finish burning your disc.

Gadgets - Are easy to use mini-programs that give you information at a glance and
provide easy access to frequently used tools. To access Gadgets, right-click anywhere
on an open space of your desktop, and click Gadgets.

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Exercise:

1. List the Process to Create folders on the desktop.

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2. List the process to delete folders from the desktop
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3. List the process to restore folders from the recycle bin
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4. List the process to renaming a folder on the desktop
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5. Where is the taskbar situated on the computer
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6. What is a CPU?
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7. How would you change the Screen Saver?
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8. How would you change the desktop image?
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