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3.PSCS-Unit-2 Question

The document covers various topics related to probability distributions, including geometric, binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions. It includes problems on calculating mean, variance, moment generating functions, and probabilities for different scenarios involving defective components, cancer risk, accidents, and other random variables. Additionally, it discusses Chebyshev's inequality and provides examples of applying normal approximations in binomial distributions.

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Bharath Kumar
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9 views4 pages

3.PSCS-Unit-2 Question

The document covers various topics related to probability distributions, including geometric, binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions. It includes problems on calculating mean, variance, moment generating functions, and probabilities for different scenarios involving defective components, cancer risk, accidents, and other random variables. Additionally, it discusses Chebyshev's inequality and provides examples of applying normal approximations in binomial distributions.

Uploaded by

Bharath Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit-2 : Probability Distributions

1. Find m.g.f and mean & variance of geometric distribution.


2. Assume that the probability of a defective computer component is 0.02. Components
are randomly selected. Find the probability that the first defect is caused by the seventh
component tested. How many components do you expect to test until one is found to
be defective?
3. The lifetime risk of developing pancreatic cancer is about one in 78 . Let X=the number
of people you ask until one says he or she has pancreatic cancer.
a. What is the probability of that you ask ten people before one says he or she has
pancreatic cancer?
b. What is the probability that you must ask 20 people?
c. Find the (i) mean and (ii) standard deviation of X.

4. Let X denote the number of runs conducted to produce an unacceptable lot and the
probability that a given lot is unacceptable is 0.05. Assume that the runs are
independent,

i. What is the expression for the density of X


ii. What is the m.g.f for X
iii. Find mean and Variance
iv. Probability of X is more than 3

5. Obtain moment generating function of Binomial distribution then find mean and
variance

6. The random variable X, the number of radar signals properly identified in a 30-minute
period, is a binomial random variable with parameters n=10 and p=1/2. Find its mean,
variance and Moment generating function.

7. During one stage in the manufacture of IC chips, a coating must be applied. If 70% of
chips receive a thick enough coating, find the probability that, among 15 chips, (i) at
least 12 will have thick enough coatings, (ii) at most 5 will have thick enough coatings
and (iii) exactly 10 will have thick enough coatings

8. Let X be a Poisson random variable with parameter K. Prove that its mean, variance,
𝑡 −1)
Moment generating function are 𝐸[𝑋] = 𝑘, 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑋 = 𝑘, 𝑚𝑥 (𝑡) = 𝑒 𝑘(𝑒 respectively.
𝑡 −1)
9. A discrete random variable has moment generating function 𝑚𝑥 (𝑡) = 𝑒 2(𝑒

a) Find 𝐸[𝑋], 𝐸[𝑋 2 ]


b) Find 𝜎, 𝜎 2

10. Let X be a Poisson random variable with parameter k=10.

a) Find the expression for the density for X.


b) Find 𝐸[𝑥], 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑋, 𝜎𝑥
c) Find𝑃[𝑋 ⩽ 4]
d) Find𝑃[𝑋 > 4]
e) Find𝑃[4 ⩽ 𝑋 ⩽ 9]
11. A computer terminal can pick up an erroneous signal from the keyboard that does not
show up on the screen. This creates a silent error that is difficult to detect. Assume that
for a particular key board the probability that this will occur per entry is 1/1000. In 5000
entries find the probability that (i) no silent error occur (ii) at least 2 silent errors occur
12. The average number of accidents on any day on a national highway is 1.8. determine
the probability that the number of accidents is (i) at least one (ii) at most one on a
particular day

13. Let X be a Gamma random variable with 𝛼 = 3, 𝛽 = 4

a) What is the expression for the density for X?


b) What is the Moment generating function for X?
c) Find 𝜇, 𝜎 2 , 𝜎

14. Let X be a gamma random variable with parameters 𝛼and𝛽. Use the moment generating
function to find 𝐸[𝑋], 𝐸[𝑥 2 ]. Use these expectations to show that 𝑉𝑎𝑟[𝑋] = 𝛼𝛽 2.

15. Derive moment generating function of exponential distribution and find mean and
variance.

16. The time a particular machine operates before breakdown (time in hors between
breakdowns) is known to have an exponential distribution with parameter λ=2
breakdowns per hour. (i) what is the probability that the machine will work for at least
one hour (ii) what is the probability that the machine will work for at most two hours
(iii) what is the average time between break downs
17. California is hit every year by approximately 500 earthquakes that are large enough to
be felt. However, those of destructive magnitude occur, on the average once a year.
Find the probability that at least 3 months’ elapse before the first earthquake of
destructive magnitude occurs.

18. Find the mean and variance of Normal distribution.

17. Let X denotes the number of grams of Hydrocarbons emitted by an automobile per mile.
Assuming that X is normal with mean and S. D. are 1 and 0.25 grams. Find the
probability that randomly selected automobile will emitte between 0.9 and 1.54?

18. Let X denote the number of Btu’s of petroleum products used with mean 153 million
Btu’s and standard deviation 25 million Btu’s. Use chebyshev’s inequality then
approximate what percentage of the population used between 128 and 178 million Btu’s.
Approximate what percentage of the population used in excess of 228 million Btu’s?

19. Among diabetic, the fasting blood glucose level X may be assumed to be approximately
normally distributed with mean 106 milligrams and S. D. 8 milligrams.

a) Find the probability that randomly selected diabetic will have blood glucose level
between 90 and 122 mg.

b) Find PX  120mg

c) Find the point that has the property that 25% of all diabetic have a fasting glucose
level of this value or lower.

20. If X denotes the amount of radiation that can be absorbed by an individual before death
ensues. Assume that that X is normal with a mean of 500 roentgens and S.D. of 150
roentgens. Above what dosage level will only 5% of dosage exposed survive?

21. State and Prove Chebychev’s inequality.

22. Let X be binomial with n=20 and p=0.3. Use the normal approximation to approximate
each of the following

(𝑖) 𝑃[𝑋 ≤ 3] (𝑖𝑖) 𝑃[3 ≤ 𝑋 ≤ 6] (𝑖𝑖𝑖) 𝑃[𝑋 ≥ 4] (𝑖𝑣) 𝑃[𝑋 = 4]


23. Opponents of a nuclear power project claims that the majority of those living near a proposed
site are opposed to the project. To justify this statement a random sample of 80 residents is
selected and their opinions are sought. Let X denotes the number of people opposed to the
project. If the probability that an individual is opposed to the project is 0.5, (i) Is normal
approximation appropriate? (ii) what is the probability that X is at most 50 (iii) If X is at least
45 we accept the claim then what is the probability that we shall accept the claim (iv) find P (
35  X  45)

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