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Classful IP Addressing

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19 views2 pages

Classful IP Addressing

Ip

Uploaded by

prakash222326
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Classful IP Addressing

What is Classful IP Addressing?


Classful Addressing is the original system for allocating IP addresses, introduced in the
early days of the Internet. It divides the IP address space into five classes (A, B, C, D, E)
based on the first few bits of the IP address.

Each class has a fixed range, default subnet mask, and intended purpose.

IPv4 Address Structure


• IPv4 address: 32 bits, usually written in dotted decimal notation, e.g., 192.168.1.1.
• Divided into Network ID and Host ID:

IP Address = Network portion + Host portion

Address Classes in Classful Addressing


Starting Range of First Default Subnet Hosts per
Class Purpose
Bits Octet Mask Network
A 0xxxxxxx 1 – 126 255.0.0.0 ~16 million Large networks
Medium-sized
B 10xxxxxx 128 – 191 255.255.0.0 ~65,000
networks
C 110xxxxx 192 – 223 255.255.255.0 254 Small networks
D 1110xxxx 224 – 239 N/A N/A Multicasting
Reserved for future
E 1111xxxx 240 – 255 N/A N/A
use

Explanation of Each Class


Class A

• First bit is always 0.


• First octet: 1 to 126.
• Supports 128 networks (0 and 127 excluded).
• Each network supports 16,777,214 hosts.
• Example: 10.0.0.1
Class B

• Starts with 10 in binary.


• First octet: 128 to 191.
• Supports 16,384 networks.
• Each network supports 65,534 hosts.
• Example: 172.16.0.1

Class C

• Starts with 110 in binary.


• First octet: 192 to 223.
• Supports 2 million+ networks.
• Each network supports 254 hosts.
• Example: 192.168.1.1

Class D (Multicast)

• Starts with 1110


• First octet: 224 to 239
• Used for multicast groups, not regular hosts.
• Example: 224.0.0.1 (used in routing protocols)

Class E (Experimental)

• Starts with 1111


• First octet: 240 to 255
• Reserved for experimental use.
• Not used in public networks.

Default Subnet Masks


Class Subnet Mask Binary Format
A 255.0.0.0 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000
B 255.255.0.0 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000
C 255.255.255.0 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

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