ENGLISH II

CONDITIONALS
TYPE OF CONDITIONALS: ZERO CONDITIONAL

• Things are generally true: laws or facts.

• Structure: If + present simple, Present simple:
• Examples:
• Ice melts if you heat ice: If you heat ice, ice melts.
• When/If the sun goes down, it gets dark.
• If you mix red and blue, you get purple.
• If you heat wáter to 100 degrees, it boils.
• If I’m tired, I go to bed earlier.
 FIRST CONDITIONAL

• To talk about a realistic situation in the future

• Structure: If + subject + present simple, Will/won’t + verb
• Examples:
• If you study hard, you Will pass the exam.
• If it’s sunny today, we’ll go to the beach.
• She Will be sad if her boyfriend leaves.
• I’ll wash the dishes if you cook the supper
• Instead of If you can use Unless (except) in the first clauss:
• Unless you hurry up, you won’t catch the bus.
• I’ll carry on doing this job, unless my boss tells me to do something else
• We’ll stay at home, unless the weather improves.
 EXCERCISES WITH CONDITIONALS

• 1f I _____EAT______________ more vegetables, I (lose) _____WILL

LOSE_________________ weight.
• If you (lend) ____LEND________ money to Ruth, you (not get) _____WON’T
GET_____________ it back.
• You (learn) ______WILL LEARN__________ a lot of new words if you
_____READ_________ English dictionaries or magazines.
• If I ____BUY______________ a new cellphone, I (not have) _____WON’T HAVE__________
money for my bills.
• He (not be) ___WON’T BE_____________ able to buy a new car if he (not save) _DOESN’T
SAVE______________ his money.
 • If I see him, I WILL (I’LL) GIVE (give) him a lift.
• 2 The table will break if you SIT (sit) on it.
• 3 If he EATS (eat) all that, he will be ill.
• 4 If I find your passport, I WILL (I’LL) TELEPHONE (telephone) you.
• 5 The police WILL ARREST (arrest) him, if they catch him.
• 6 If he READS (read) in bad light, he will ruin his eyes.
• 7 Someone WILL STEAL (steal) your car if you leave it unlocked.
• 8 What will happen if my parachute DOESN’T OPEN (not open)?
• 9 If he WASHES (wash) my car, I'll give him $10.
• 10 If she NEEDS (need) a radio, she can borrow mine.
• 11 If you DON’T GO (not go) away, I'll call the police.
• 12 I'll be very angry if he MAKES (make) more mistakes.
• 13 If he IS (be) late, we'll go without him.
• 14 She will be absolutely furious if she HEARS (hear) about this.
• 15 If you put on the kettle, I WILL MAKE (make) some tea.
• 16 If you give my dog a bone, he WILL BURY (bury) it.
• 17 If we leave the car here, it WON’T BE (not be) in anybody's way.
• 18
 • 20 If he GOES (go) on telling lies, nobody will believe a word he says.
• 21 Unless he SELLS (sell) more, he won't get much commission.
• 22 If I lend you $10, when WILL you REPAY (repay) me?
• 23 We'll have to move upstairs if the river RISES (rise) any higher.
• 24 If he WORKS (work) hard today, can he have a holiday tomorrow?
• 25 Ice TURNS (turn) to water if you heat it.
• If the house BURNS (burn) down, we can claim compensation.
• 27 If you DON’T LIKE (not like) this one, I'll bring you another.
• 28 Unless you are more careful, you WILL HAVE (have) an accident.
• 29 Tell him to ring me up if you SEE (see) him.
• 30 If I tell you a secret, WILL YOU (promise) not to tell it to anyone else?
• 31 If you DON’T BELIEVE (not believe) what I say, ask your mother.
• 32 If he LIKES (like) the house, will he buy it?
• 33 If you kindly sit down, I WILL MAKE (make) enquiries for you.
• 34 Unless I have a quiet room, I WON’T BE ABLE (not be able) to do any work.
• 35 She won't open the door unless she KNOWS (know) who it is.
• 36 Should you require anything else, please (ring) RING the bell for the attendant.
 SECOND CONDITIONAL

• To talk about a hypothetical situation

• Things in the future that are probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some dream for example.
• we can use it to talk about something in the present which is impossible
• is kind of conditional sentence is different from the first conditional because this is a lot more unlikely.
• Examples:
• If I were you, I would(I’d) drive more carefully In the rain.
• If you had a very fast computer, it wouldn’t take more than a few seconds to download that program.
• Univesity would allow students to surf the net from many different places if the university installed Internet Wireless..
• If I took that job, I wouldn’t drive an hour each way to work,
• If she saw a snake, she’d be terrified.
•
If I HAD more money, I'd travel more. (have)

• 2What would you do if you FOUND a lot of money in the street? (find)

• 3A lot of health problems could be prevented if people ate better (eat)

• 4If I had her number, I COULD CALL her; but I don't have it. (call)

• 5Our kids would be happier if we lived in the country. (live)

• 6If you lend me the money, I WILL PAY you back before the end of the month. (pay)

• 7If it didn't rain, I WOULD CYCLE to work. (cycle)

• 8I'd get a big tattoo on my back if my parents ALLOWED me to do it. (allow)

• 9I wouldn't drink that milk if I WERE you. (verb to be)

• 10You wouldn't have so many accidents if you DROVE more carefully. (drive)
 1. If I (to come) CAME home earlier, I COULD PREPARE (to prepare) dinner.
2. If we LIVED (to live) in Rome, Francesco (to visit) WOULD VISIT us.
3. If Tim and Tom WERE (to be) older, they COULD PLAY (to play) in our hockey team.
4. If he WAS (to be) my friend, I WOULD INVITE (to invite) him to my birthday party.
5. If Susan STUDIED (to study) harder, she WOULD BE (to be) better at school.
6. If they HAD (to have) enough money, they WOULD BUY (to buy) a new car.
7. If you DID (to do) a paper round, you WOULD EARN (to earn) a little extra money.
8. If Michael GOT (to get) more pocket money, he WOULD ASK (to ask) Doris out for dinner.
9. If we WON (to win) the lottery, we WOULD FLY (to fly) to San Francisco.
10.If I MET (to meet) Brad Pitt, I WOULD TAKE (to take) a photo with him.
THIRD CONDITIONAL

• We use the third conditional to talk about impossible situations, as in the second
conditional, in the past. We often use the third conditional to describe regrets.
The structure is:
• If + past perfect, would have + past participle:
• If I had studied hard, I would have passed the exam.
• If Gary had been free yesterday, I would have invited him.
• Their clients would have gone out if they had not cooked well.
• If you hadn’t forgotten her birthday, she wouldn’t have been upset.
• If they had booked earlier, they could have found better seats.
1. If the weather HAD BEEN (to be) nice, they WOULD HAVE PLAYED (to play) football.
2. If we HAD GONE (to go) to a good restaurant, we WOULD HAVE HAD (to have) a better dinner.
3. If John HAD LEARNED (to learn) more words, he WOULD HAVE WRITTEN (to write) a good report.
4. If the boys HAD TAKEN (to take) the bus to school, they WOULD HAVE ARRIVED (to arrive) on time.
5. If the teacher HAD EXPLAINED (to explain) the homework, I WOULD HAVE DONE (to do) it.
6. If they HAD WAITED (to wait) for another 10 minutes, they WOULD HAVE SEEN (to see) the pop star.
7. If the police HAD COME (to come) earlier, they WOULD HAVE ARRESTED (to arrest) the burglar.
8. If you (to buy) HAD BOUGHT fresh green vegetable, your salad WOULD HAVE TASTED (to taste) better.
9. If Alex HAD ASKED (to ask) me, I WOULD HAVE EMAILED (to email) the documents.
10.If he HAD SPOKEN (to speak) more slowy, Peggy WOULD HAVE UNDERSTOOD (to understand) him.
• If you had trained more, you WOULDN’T HAVE LOST so easily. (lose)

• 2We wouldn't have spent all the money if you HADN’T INSISTED on going to that boutique.
(insist)

• 3If you had told me that you were having problems, I WOULD HAD HELPED you. (help)
• 4If I HAD KNOWN that she was in town, I would have called her. (know)
• 5If she had offered a better price for the car, I WOULD HAVE BOUGHT it. (buy)
• 6There wouldn't have been so many problems if they HAD ORGANIZED the race a bit
better. (organize)

• 7We WOULDN’T HAVE lost if you had asked for directions. (get)
• 8We would never have met if HADN’T INTRODUCED you us to each other at that party.
(introduce)
• 9If she had embarrassed me in front of all my friends, I WOULD HAVE HATED her for ever.
(hate)

• 10I COULD HAVE SAVED her life if I had paid more attention. (save)
 FIND THE CORRECT CONDITIONAL

1. If it rains, I'll wear a raincoat. (First)

2. If we had taken enough water, we wouldn't have been thirsty (Third)
3. If the children were older, they would go to the party (Second).
4. Harry could fly to Helsinki if he had more money (Second).
5. If Mark does the washing up, his mother will have more time for him (First).
6. What would you do if you saw a burglar? (Second)
7. We might have had a glass of hot chocolate if you had bought some milk (Third).
8. If I were you I should keep the secret. (Second)
9. Ron would understand more if the teacher spoke clearly (Second).
10.If Doris had got up earlier, she wouldn't have been late for school. (3: Third)
1.f I had time, I’D GO shopping with you. (go)
2.If you SPEAK English, you will get along with them perfectly. (speak)
3.If they had gone for a walk, they WOULD HAVE TURNED the lights off. (turn)
4.If she COMES to see us, we will go to the zoo. (come)
5.I would have told you, if I HAD SEEN him. (see)
6.Would you mind if I OPENED the window? (open)
7.If they HAD INVITED me, I wouldn't have said no. (invite)
8.My friend WILL GET me at the station if he gets the afternoon off. (meet)
9.If I DID it, nobody would do it. (do)
10.If my father PICKS me up, I'll take the bus home. (pick)
 • If you ARE free tonight, we might go out for a drink, or to the cinema. (be)

• 3If I didn't know you, I WOULD THINK you were crazy (think(.

• 4Tell me the truth if you know it .

• 5If you had a bigger salary, you WOULDN’T BUY more unnecessary things (buy).

• 6If it WASN’T for Tom, I wouldn't be here. (be)

• 7You should call me if you SEE anything unusual (see).

• 8If they had this player, they WOULD LOOSE a single match (loose).

• 9Our lives would be much easier if you WORKED closer to home (work).

• 10If I got a job in France, we WOULD EAT crêpes every day (eat).
 ALL CONDITIONALS
1. If we meet at 9:30, we WILL HAVE (to have) plenty of time.
2. Lisa would find the milk if she TOOK (to look) in the fridge.
3. The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she HAD FED (to feed) the animals.
4. If you spoke louder, your classmates WOULD UNDERSTAND (to understand) you.
5. Dan WOULD ARRIVE (to arrive) safe if he drove slowly.
6. You WOULD HAVE HAD (to have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework.
7. If you SWIM (to swim) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold.
8. The door will unlock if you PRESS (to press) the green button.
9. If Mel HAD ASKED (to ask) her teacher, he’d (he would) have answered her questions.
10.I WOULD CALL (to call) the office if I was/were you.
COMPLETE WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF EACH
CONDITIONAL

1. If it rains, the boys WILL NOT (WON’T) PLAY (play) hockey.

2. If he (grow) HAD GROWN his own vegetables, he wouldn't have to buy them.
3. Jim (see) WOULD SEE whisky distilleries if he travelled to Scotland.
4. Would you go out more often if you DIDN’T (do) so much in the house?
5. She wouldn't have yawned the whole day if she HADN’T STAYED (stay) late last night.
6. If you (wait) WAIT a minute, I'll come with you.
7. If we arrived at 10, we WOULD MISS (miss) Tyler's presentation.
8. We (help) WOULD HAVE HELPED John if we’d (we had) known about his problems.
9. If they (use) HAD USED new batteries, their camera would have worked correctly.
10.If I could go anywhere, it WOULD BE (be) New Zealand.
MIXED CONDITIONAL: SECOND AND THIRD

• We use this combination to talk about a hypothetical condition happening in the past (third conditional) with a
present result (second conditional).
• Form: We use past perfect in the if clause and would/could/might + infinitive in the main clause.
• Examples:
• If I had been elected, I would be the president now.
• If I had won the lottery, I would be rich.
• I might have a better job now if I hadn’t dropped out of school.
• If I had passed my English exam last year, I would be working in England right now.
• They’d (They would) have much more confidence if they hadn’t lost so many matches.
• What would you be doing now if you hadn’t decided to study?
 MIXED THIRD/SECOND CONDITIONAL

• We use this combination to talk about a hypothetical condition happening in the present (second
conditional) with a past result (third conditional).
• Form: We use past in the if clause and would/could/might + have + past participle in the main clause.
• Examples:
• f I were a man, they would have given me the job.
• If I didn’t have so much work, I would have gone to the party last night.
• I would have understood them if I spoke German.
• hat in this type of combination, the present condition also existed in the past when the result in the main
clause took place. Let’s take a look, for example, at the first sentence:
• It's really important. If it wasn't, I wouldn't have called you on your holiday.
• If she was more hardworking, she would have succeeded.
• If I weren't injured, I would have played
 EXCERCISES

• If I hadn't fought for our relationship, we WOULDN’T BE together now.

• 2I would be happier if I HAD SAID 'yes' when she asked me to marry her (say)
• 3If you weren't such a jerk, they WOULD HAVE INVITED you to yesterday's party (invite).
• 4If you HAD TAKEN a map, as I told you, we wouldn't be lost now (take).
• 5If I didn't love you, I WOULDN’T HAVE MARRIED you last year (marry).
• 6If I had had more time, I WOULD HAVE CALLED you last night (call).
• 7If you HAD ACCEPTED that job, you would be miserable now (accept).
• 8I'm afraid of flying. If I WASN’T afraid of flying, we'd have travelled by plane (to be).
• 9If you HAD TAKEN your dad's car without permission last night, you might be in trouble
(take).
• 10You wouldn't have this job if I HADN’T PREPARED you for the interview (prepare).
 PRACTICED, KNEW, WAS NOT, HADN’T MISSED,
HADN’T RAINED, HAD STUDIED, HAD EATEN
• 1. If she HAD STUDIED harder, she wouldn’t be failing the class now.
2. If he WAS NOT afraid of heights, he would have gone bungee jumping with
us.
3. If they HADN’T MISSED the bus, they would be at the party by now.
4. If you PRACTICED the piano more often, you would be performing in the
concert.
5. If she KNEW how to swim, she would have joined the team last year.
6. If it HADN’T RAINED yesterday, we would have held the meeting outdoors.
7. He would feel much healthier now if he HAD EATEN better food in the past.
 CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER
1.If I didn't have don't have this homework to do, I would have gone out with my friends.
2.
2.She won't come wouldn't have come by train if she could drive.
3.
3.They would would have gone for a walk if it wasn't raining.
4.
4.If I am were him, I wouldn't have quit my job until I'd found another.
5.
5.If they hadn't eaten wouldn't eaten so much, they wouldn't feel ill now.
6.
6.You are wouldn't be so tired if you'd gone to bed earlier.

8.If we won 'd won the lottery last night, we'd be rich