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The document outlines exercises related to computer architectures for the academic year 2024/2025, covering topics such as definitions of key terms, evolution of computers, basic architecture principles, combinational logic, memory types, microprocessor functions, and input/output peripherals. Each exercise consists of multiple questions aimed at assessing understanding of computer systems, architectures, and components. The exercises are structured to encourage detailed explanations and comparisons of various concepts within computer architecture.

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8 views3 pages

Tpe24 25

The document outlines exercises related to computer architectures for the academic year 2024/2025, covering topics such as definitions of key terms, evolution of computers, basic architecture principles, combinational logic, memory types, microprocessor functions, and input/output peripherals. Each exercise consists of multiple questions aimed at assessing understanding of computer systems, architectures, and components. The exercises are structured to encourage detailed explanations and comparisons of various concepts within computer architecture.

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racinedezerotiktok
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMPUTER ARCHITECTURES 2024/2025

Exercise 1: Generalities about the Computer

1. Define: Computer, processor, hardware, software, byte.


2. What are the stages in the evolution of computers?
3. What is the difference between hardware and software?
4. What factors influence the choice of an architecture?
5. What are the components of a PC?
6. What difference do you make between main memory, RAM, and volatile memory?

Exercise 2: Basic Architecture

1. Define: Bus, peripheral, architecture, address decoding.


2. Name the two main types of basic architecture.
3. Differences between the two architectures mentioned above.
4. Combinational circuits belong to which level of language?
5. What are the components of the Von Neumann architecture?
6. Principles of the Von Neumann architecture.
7. What links the components in question 5?
8. Name the two types of memory access and explain them.
9. What are the components of the CPU?
10. What types of buses do you know? Explain each.
11. Where are the instructions that the CPU executes located?
12. Compare high-level language and low-level language, with examples.
13. Explain how Von Neumann architecture works.

Exercise 3: Combinational Logic

1. Define: Logic circuit, combinational circuit.


2. Let an integer from 0 to 7 be represented by 3 bits b2b1b0. Let F be a logic function
whose inputs are these 3 bits and which takes the value 1 if the input value is 0, 3, 4, or 7
(in binary), and 0 otherwise.
a. Provide the truth table of F.
b. Deduce the simplified canonical form of F using a Karnaugh map.
c. Draw the logic circuit that calculates F using only NAND gates.
3. Given a logic circuit with the following logic diagram:
a. Determine the logical expressions of the circuit’s three outputs.
b. Define the truth table of the circuit.
c. What is the function of this circuit?
d. Reuse this circuit to build a new one with the same function but handling 4 pairs of
inputs instead of 2.
4. Build a circuit with two inputs (a and b), two outputs (s and r), and one control line F
such that:
o If F = 0, the circuit performs an addition (a + b with a sum and a carry).
o If F = 1, the circuit performs a subtraction (a – b with a difference and borrow).
a. Provide the truth table for the half-adder.
b. Design the circuit for the truth table in (a).
c. Provide the truth table for the half-subtractor.
d. Design the circuit for the truth table in (c).
e. Derive the final circuit based on the selection bit F.
5. Design a majority circuit with inputs A, B, C, and output S. The output is 1 if the number
of 1s among inputs is greater than the number of 0s; otherwise, the output is 0.

Exercise 4: Memory

1. Define: memory, memory cell, word, register, main memory, cache memory.
2. Execution cycle of an operation in memory?
3. What are the characteristics of memory? Explain.
4. What are the performance evaluation criteria for memory?
5. What types of memory do you know?
6. What is the function of each type of memory listed above?
7. What memory access methods do you know?
8. Compare the memory access methods listed above.
9. Compare RAM and ROM memory.
10. Differences between SRAM and DRAM?
11. What are the two ways the processor accesses memory words? Explain.
12. Draw a diagram showing how all memories are connected, using arrows to indicate data
flow.
13. What are the components of a hard disk?
14. What is the function of the CMOS battery?
15. What is the purpose of the RJ45 connector?
16. Where is the BIOS program located?

Exercise 5: Microprocessor

1. Define: Microprocessor, instruction set, instruction execution cycle.


2. State Moore’s Law.
3. What are the functions of a processor?
4. For each instruction, the processor performs three basic operations, which ones?
5. What are the two main parts of a processor?
6. What are the components of the CU (Control Unit)? Explain.
7. What are the components of the ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)? Explain.
8. Key characteristics when choosing a processor?
9. The phases of the instruction execution cycle? Explain in detail.
10. What are the two processor architectures?
11. What instruction groups can be found in a microprocessor?
12. An instruction is composed of two fields, which ones?
13. What addressing modes do you know?
14. Differences between RISC and CISC?
15. What are the components of a microcontroller?
16. What is the chipset (define its function)? Is it related to processor evolution?
17. Comparison between Intel and AMD processors.
18. Difference between microprocessor and microcontroller?

Exercise 6: Input/Output Peripherals

1. Define: Bus, peripheral.


2. What types of PC buses exist?
3. What are the functions of the local bus?
4. Give two examples of local buses.
5. What are the functions of the peripheral bus?
6. Give two examples of peripheral buses.
7. To manage communication with a peripheral, the interface stores which information?
8. List and compare two transfer modes between the processor and the interface.
9. Difference between a CD-ROM and a magnetic tape?
10. How do you locate a sector on memory?
11. What are the parts of a hard disk?

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