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Clauses and Phrases

The document defines phrases and clauses, explaining that a phrase is a group of words without both a subject and a verb, while a clause contains both. It outlines various types of phrases, including noun, verb, adjective, adverb, prepositional, gerund, infinitive, and participial phrases, along with their functions and examples. Additionally, it describes independent and dependent clauses, detailing their characteristics and types, such as noun, adjective, and adverb clauses.

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24 views2 pages

Clauses and Phrases

The document defines phrases and clauses, explaining that a phrase is a group of words without both a subject and a verb, while a clause contains both. It outlines various types of phrases, including noun, verb, adjective, adverb, prepositional, gerund, infinitive, and participial phrases, along with their functions and examples. Additionally, it describes independent and dependent clauses, detailing their characteristics and types, such as noun, adjective, and adverb clauses.

Uploaded by

lightyagami07070
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHRASES

A phrase is a group of words that does not contain both a subject and a verb.

1.​ Noun Phrase​

○​ Acts as a noun in a sentence.


○​ Example: The red car sped past.​

2.​ Verb Phrase​

○​ Includes the main verb and its auxiliaries.


○​ Example: She has been working hard.​

3.​ Adjective Phrase​

○​ Modifies a noun or pronoun.


○​ Example: The girl with curly hair smiled.​

4.​ Adverb Phrase​

○​ Modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.


○​ Example: He ran very quickly.​

5.​ Prepositional Phrase​

○​ Begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun.


○​ Example: The cat slept under the bed.​

6.​ Gerund Phrase​

○​ Starts with a gerund (-ing form acting as a noun).


○​ Example: Swimming in the ocean is fun.​

7.​ Infinitive Phrase​

○​ Begins with “to” + base verb.


○​ Example: She wants to travel the world.​

8.​ Participial Phrase​

○​ Starts with a present or past participle and acts like an adjective.


○​ Example: Shouting loudly, he caught everyone’s attention.​
CLAUSES

A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a verb.

Independent Clause

●​ Can stand alone as a complete sentence.​

●​ Example: She went to the store.​

Dependent (Subordinate) Clause

●​ Cannot stand alone; depends on the main clause.​

●​ Example: Because she was tired, she went home.​

Types of Dependent Clauses:

1.​ Noun Clause​

○​ Functions as a noun.​

○​ Example: What he said surprised everyone.​

2.​ Adjective (Relative) Clause​

○​ Modifies a noun. Often begins with who, whom, whose, which, or that.​

○​ Example: The man who called you is my uncle.​

3.​ Adverb Clause​

○​ Modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb. Begins with subordinating conjunctions


(because, although, when, etc.).​

○​ Example: Although it was raining, we went hiking.​

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