Math Paper 5 Statistics

Total Marks: 50 Total Time: 1hr 15 min

 1. During a query session, a teacher asked how many questions the students faced
problems with. The data is summarized in the table below

Queries 0≤𝑥<3 3≤𝑥<6 6≤𝑥<9 9 ≤ 𝑥 < 16 16 ≤ 𝑥 < 22

Number of
36 18 33 84 6
Students

a. Make a frequency density diagram to represent the information [4]

b. Calculate the mean and standard deviation of the data. [6]

Qn Solution Marks Guidance

a 1 2 or 3 correct
Class Width
3 3 3 7 6
1 4 or 5 correct
Frequency
12 6 11 12 1
Density frequency densities
𝑓
calculated using 𝑐𝑤

1 All Heights correct

1 Axis Labelled No. of
Students and
Frequency Density
Vertical boxes
touching each other

4
b Midpoints: 1.5, 4.5, 7.5, 12.5, 19 1 4 or 5 correct
1.5 × 36 + 4.5 × 18 + 7.5 × 33 + 12.5 × 84 + 19 × 6 1
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 =
36 + 18 + 33 + 84 + 6
1546.5 1
𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑛 = = 8.73
177
 1.52 × 36 + 4.52 × 18 + 7.52 × 33 + 12.52 × 84 + 192 × 6 1
𝑉𝑎𝑟 = − (8.73)2
36 + 18 + 33 + 84 + 6

17592.75 1
𝑉𝑎𝑟 = − (8.73)2 = 23.18
177
𝑆𝐷 = √𝑉𝑎𝑟 = √23.18 = 4.81 1

Total 𝟏𝟎

2. Naomi is going on holiday and intends to read 4 books during her time away. She selects
these books from 5 mystery, 3 crime and 2 romance books. Find the number of ways in
which she can make her selection in each of the following cases.
a. There are no restrictions. [1]
b. She selects at least 2 mystery books [3]
c. She selects 1 book of each type [3]

Qn Solution Marks Guidance

a 14 1
𝐶10 = 210
b 4 Mystery = 5 𝐶4 = 5 3 1 Mark For 1 or two
3 Mystery 1 Other = 5 𝐶3 × 5 𝐶1 = 50 correct Combination
2 Mystery 2 Other = 5 𝐶2 × 5 𝐶2 = 100 1 Mark for 3rd
Total = 155 Combination
1 Mark for correct
answer
Alternative Method:: All – 0 Mystery – 1 Mystery 1
210 − 5 𝐶4 − 5 𝐶1 × 5 𝐶3 1
210 − 5 − 50 = 155 1
3
c 2𝑀1𝐶1𝑅 = 5
𝐶2 × 3 𝐶1 × 2 𝐶1 = 60 3 1 Mark For 1 or two
1𝑀2𝐶1𝑅 = 5
𝐶1 × 3 𝐶2 × 2 𝐶1 = 30 correct Combination
1𝑀1𝐶2𝑅 = 5
𝐶1 × 3 𝐶1 × 2 𝐶2 = 15 1 Mark for 3rd
Total = 105 Combination
1 Mark for correct
answer
Total 𝟕
 3. A fair 6-sided die is rolled and the number it lands on is noted.
a. Find the probability it takes exactly 8 rolls to obtain a 6. [2]
b. The die is rolled 15 times. Find the probability that 5 or 6 were rolled at least 3 times.
[5]
Qn Solution Marks Guidance
a 7 1
5 1
( ) ∗( )
6 6
0.046 1
2
b 𝑃(𝑥 ≥ 3) 1
1 − [𝑃(0) + 𝑃(1) + 𝑃(2)] 1
4 15 2 1 Mark for one or
𝑃(0) = ( ) = 0.0023 two correct.
6
15 4 14 2 2 Marks all 3
𝑃(1) = ( ) ∗ ( ) ∗ ( ) = 0.0171 correct
1 6 6
13
15 4 2 2
𝑃(2) = ( ) ∗ ( ) ∗ ( ) = 0.0599
2 6 6

1 − [0.0023 + 0.0171 + 0.0599] = 0.9207 1

Total 7

4. A random number is generated. The probability of Number 𝑥 to be generated is 𝑘𝑥 2 where 𝑘

is a constant as shown in the following table.
𝑥 1 3 4 5 6 7 8
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) 9𝑘 25𝑘 64𝑘
a. Complete the table [1]
b. Find the value of 𝑘 [2]
c. Two Numbers are generated simultaneously. What is the probability that the sum is less
than or equal to 8 [7]
Qn Solution Marks Guidance
a 1

𝑥 1 3 4 5 6 7 8
𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) k 9𝑘 16k 25𝑘 36k 49k 64𝑘

b 𝑘 + 9𝑘 + 16𝑘 + 25𝑘 + 36𝑘 + 49𝑘 + 64𝑘 = 1 1

 1 1
𝑘=
200
2
c 𝑃(𝑠𝑢𝑚 ≤ 8) = 2[𝑃(1,3) + 𝑃(1,4) + 𝑃(1,5) + 𝑃(1,6) + 𝑃(1,7) 2 Award 1 mark if one
+ 𝑃(3,4) + 𝑃(3,5)] + 𝑃(4,4) pair missing
1 9 1 16 1 25 1 36 1 49 3
2[ ∗ + ∗ + ∗ + ∗ + ∗
200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
9 16 9 25 16 16
+ ∗ + ∗ ]+ ∗
200 200 200 200 200 200
504 256 1
2[ ]+
40000 40000
0.0316 1
7
Total 10

5. The weights of a box of ice cream produced by a company are normally distributed with
mean 2.25 kg and standard deviation 0.3 kg.
a. Find the probability that a randomly chosen box weighs between 2.1 kg and 2.9 kg. [3]

The company introduced a smaller box of ice cream which is normally distributed with mean
1.6 kg and standard deviation 𝜎 kg. It was found that 75% of boxes weigh less than 1.8 kg.

b. Find the value of 𝜎 [3]

Qn Solution Marks Guidance
a 2.1 − 2.25 2.9 − 2.25 1
𝑃(2.1 < 𝑋 < 2.9) = 𝑃 ( <𝑍< )
0.3 0.3
𝑃(−0.5 < 𝑋 < 2.166) 1
Φ(2.166) + Φ(0.5) − 1
0.9848 + 0.6915 − 1 = 0.6363 1
3
b 2.1 − 1.8 1
𝑃(𝑋 < 2.1) = 𝑃 (𝑍 < ) = 0.75
𝜎
0.3 1
= Φ−1 (0.75) = 0.674
𝜎
0.3 1
𝜎= = 0.445
0.674
3
Total 6
6.