Python Matrices
Transpose of a Matrix:
def transpose_matrix(matrix):
return [list(row) for row in zip(*matrix)]
# Example usage
matrix = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
print(transpose_matrix(matrix))
Matrix Addition:
def add_matrices(matrix1, matrix2):
result = [[matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j] for j in range(len(matrix1[0]))] for i in
range(len(matrix1))]
return result
# Example usage
matrix1 = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
matrix2 = [[5, 6], [7, 8]]
print(add_matrices(matrix1, matrix2))
Matrix Subtraction:
def subtract_matrices(matrix1, matrix2):
result = [[matrix1[i][j] - matrix2[i][j] for j in range(len(matrix1[0]))] for i
in range(len(matrix1))]
return result
# Example usage
matrix1 = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
matrix2 = [[5, 6], [7, 8]]
print(subtract_matrices(matrix1, matrix2))
Matrix Multiplication:
def multiply_matrices(matrix1, matrix2):
result = [[0 for _ in range(len(matrix2[0]))] for _ in range(len(matrix1))]
for i in range(len(matrix1)):
for j in range(len(matrix2[0])):
for k in range(len(matrix2)):
result[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j]
return result
# Example usage
matrix1 = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
matrix2 = [[5, 6], [7, 8]]
print(multiply_matrices(matrix1, matrix2))
Rotate Matrix by 90 Degrees:
def rotate_matrix(matrix):
return [list(reversed(col)) for col in zip(*matrix)]
# Example usage
matrix = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
print(rotate_matrix(matrix))
Spiral Order of Matrix:
def spiral_order(matrix):
result = []
while matrix:
result += matrix.pop(0)
if matrix and matrix[0]:
for row in matrix:
result.append(row.pop())
if matrix:
result += matrix.pop()[::-1]
if matrix and matrix[0]:
for row in matrix[::-1]:
result.append(row.pop(0))
return result
# Example usage
matrix = [
[1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6],
[7, 8, 9]
]
print(spiral_order(matrix)
Find the Determinant of a Matrix:
def determinant(matrix):
if len(matrix) == 1:
return matrix[0][0]
if len(matrix) == 2:
return matrix[0][0] * matrix[1][1] - matrix[0][1] * matrix[1][0]
det = 0
for c in range(len(matrix)):
det += ((-1) ** c) * matrix[0][c] * determinant([row[:c] + row[c+1:] for
row in matrix[1:]])
return det
# Example usage
matrix = [
[1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6],
[7, 8, 9]
]
print(determinant(matrix))
Inversion of a Matrix:
import numpy as np
def invert_matrix(matrix):
return np.linalg.inv(matrix)
# Example usage
matrix = [
[1, 2],
[3, 4]
]
print(invert_matrix(matrix))
Find the Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors:
import numpy as np
def eigenvalues_eigenvectors(matrix):
values, vectors = np.linalg.eig(matrix)
return values, vectors
# Example usage
matrix = [
[1, 2],
[3, 4]
]
values, vectors = eigenvalues_eigenvectors(matrix)
print("Eigenvalues:", values)
print("Eigenvectors:", vectors)
Constructing Matrix from user input and basic operations
def input_matrix():
rows = int(input("Enter the number of rows: "))
cols = int(input("Enter the number of columns: "))
matrix = []
print("Enter the entries row-wise:")
for i in range(rows):
row = list(map(int, input().split()))
matrix.append(row)
return matrix
def print_matrix(matrix):
for row in matrix:
print(" ".join(map(str, row)))
print()
def add_matrices(matrix1, matrix2):
result = [[matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j] for j in range(len(matrix1[0]))] for i in
range(len(matrix1))]
return result
def subtract_matrices(matrix1, matrix2):
result = [[matrix1[i][j] - matrix2[i][j] for j in range(len(matrix1[0]))] for i in
range(len(matrix1))]
return result
def multiply_matrices(matrix1, matrix2):
result = [[0 for _ in range(len(matrix2[0]))] for _ in range(len(matrix1))]
for i in range(len(matrix1)):
for j in range(len(matrix2[0])):
for k in range(len(matrix2)):
result[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j]
return result
def transpose_matrix(matrix):
return [list(row) for row in zip(*matrix)]
def rotate_matrix(matrix):
return [list(reversed(col)) for col in zip(*matrix)]
def main():
print("Input the first matrix:")
matrix1 = input_matrix()
print("Input the second matrix (for addition, subtraction, and
multiplication):")
matrix2 = input_matrix()
print("\nFirst Matrix:")
print_matrix(matrix1)
print("Second Matrix:")
print_matrix(matrix2)
print("Matrix Addition:")
print_matrix(add_matrices(matrix1, matrix2))
print("Matrix Subtraction:")
print_matrix(subtract_matrices(matrix1, matrix2))
print("Matrix Multiplication:")
print_matrix(multiply_matrices(matrix1, matrix2))
print("Transpose of the First Matrix:")
print_matrix(transpose_matrix(matrix1))
print("Rotate the First Matrix by 90 Degrees:")
print_matrix(rotate_matrix(matrix1))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
