A

Micro Project Report

On

“BHOPAL GAS TRAGEDY”

Submitted by
1. Sarvesh Jamadar
2. Sahil Dawange
3. Prajwal Ahire
4. Snehal Koli

Under the Guidance of

Prof.P.M.Deshpande.
In the Partial Fulfilment of Fifth Semester of Diploma in
Computer Engineering

Department of Computer Engineering

Sandip Polytechnic
Mahiravani, Nashik - 422213

Affiliated to

Maharashtra State
Board of Technical Education

Academic Year 2024-25

 Maharashtra State
Board of Technical Education

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr. Sarvesh Jitendra jamadar with Roll No-03 has successfully completed Micro-project in
course Environmental Studies (22447) for the academic year 2024-25 as prescribed in the 'Assessment Manual'
during his/her tenure of completing fifth Semester of Diploma Program in Computer Engineering from institute,
Sandip Polytechnic with institute code 1167.

Place : Nashik Enrollment No:2211670095

Date: Exam Seat No:

Course Teacher Head of the Department Head of the Institute

 Maharashtra State
Board of Technical Education

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr. Sahil Suresh Dawange with Roll No-03 has successfully completed Micro-project in
course Environmental Studies (22447) for the academic year 2024-25 as prescribed in the 'Assessment Manual'
during his/her tenure of completing fifth Semester of Diploma Program in Computer Engineering from institute,
Sandip Polytechnic with institute code 1167.

Place : Nashik Enrollment No:2211670105

Date: Exam Seat No:

Course Teacher Head of the Department Head of the Institute

 Maharashtra State
Board of Technical Education

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr. Prajwal Manik Ahire with Roll No-12 has successfully completed Micro-project in
course Environmental Studies (22447) for the academic year 2024-25 as prescribed in the 'Assessment Manual'
during his/her tenure of completing fifth Semester of Diploma Program in Computer Engineering from institute,
Sandip Polytechnic with institute code 1167.

Place : Nashik Enrollment No:2211670106

Date: Exam Seat No:

Course Teacher Head of the Department Head of the Institute

 Maharashtra State
Board of Technical Education

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr. Snehal Prabhakar Koli with Roll No-27 has successfully completed Micro-project in
course Environmental Studies (22447) for the academic year 2024-25 as prescribed in the 'Assessment Manual'
during his/her tenure of completing fifth Semester of Diploma Program in Computer Engineering from institute,
Sandip Polytechnic with institute code 1167.

Place : Nashik Enrollment No:2211670130

Date: Exam Seat No:

Course Teacher Head of the Department Head of the Institute

 Annexure – I

Micro Project Proposal

“BHOPAL GAS TRAGEDY”

1.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project: The aim and benefit of this project are to understand
the importance of industrial safety and corporate responsibility by studying the Bhopal Gas
Tragedy, raising awareness of chemical hazards, and promoting accountability and ethical
standards in both business and government practices.

2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed: This project addresses several key course outcomes,
including an understanding of industrial safety protocols essential for preventing accidents and
awareness of environmental impacts resulting from industrial negligence. It promotes critical
analysis of corporate ethics, emphasizing the need for accountability in corporate operations, and
provides insights into effective crisis management strategies. Additionally, it applies knowledge
of legal frameworks and policies necessary for regulating hazardous industries and safeguarding
public health.

3.0 Proposed Methodology:

1. Literature Review: Collect data from research papers, reports, and case studies on the Bhopal
Gas Tragedy to understand its causes and impact.

2. Safety and Response Analysis: Identify major safety lapses, corporate negligence, and
government response efforts to highlight areas of failure.

3. Comparative Study: Compare the Bhopal incident with similar industrial disasters to uncover
recurring issues and preventative measures.

4. Recommendation Development: Summarize findings to propose enhanced safety protocols,

crisis management strategies, and accountability frameworks for high-risk industries.
4.0 Action Plan:

Sr. Planned Planned Name of Responsible Team

Details of Activity
No Start Date Finish Date Members
1 Topic Discussion & Selection
2 Aim/Benefits & Importance
3 Resources Required
1. Sarvesh Jamadar
4 Analysis of Collected Data
2. Sahil Dawange
5 Design & Editing of data 3. Prajwal Ahire
4. Snehal Koli
6 Compilation of Report
7 Compilation of Presentation
8 Presentation of Seminar
9 Final Submission

5.0 Resources Required:

SrNo Name of Resource/Material Specification Qty. Remarks

1 Hardware Resource Computer system -
2 Software Resource chrome -
3 Any Other Resource internet -

Name of Team Members with Roll No:

Roll No Name of Team Members

03 Sarvesh Jitendra Jamadar
11 Sahil Suresh Dawange
12 Prajwal Manik ahire
27 Snehal Prabhakar Koli

Name & Signature of Course Teacher

(Prof.P.M.Deshpande)
 Annexure – II

Micro Project Report

Rationale (Purpose of the project): The purpose of this project is to examine the Bhopal
Gas Tragedy as a critical case study to understand the consequences of inadequate safety
measures, corporate negligence, and insufficient crisis management. By analyzing this disaster,
the project aims to highlight the importance of strict regulatory standards, ethical corporate
practices, and effective disaster preparedness. Ultimately, it seeks to educate on the need for
robust safety protocols and accountability in industrial operations to prevent future tragedies.

Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project: The aim of this micro-project is to explore the Bhopal
Gas Tragedy to understand the significance of industrial safety and corporate responsibility. It
benefits learners by raising awareness of chemical hazards, fostering critical thinking on ethical
practices, and highlighting the role of government and corporate accountability in protecting
public health and preventing industrial disasters.

Course Outcomes Achieved: This project achieves course outcomes by enhancing

understanding of industrial safety protocols, fostering awareness of environmental impacts from
industrial negligence, encouraging critical analysis of corporate ethics, and applying knowledge
of legal frameworks essential for regulating hazardous industries.

• 3.0 Literature Review:

1. Event Analysis: Studies detail the sequence of events, safety failures, and corporate
negligence that caused the Bhopal Gas Tragedy.
2. Health Impact: Research highlights the toxic effects of methyl isocyanate (MIC) exposure on
human health and community well-being.
3. Safety and Crisis Management: Sources emphasize Union Carbide's inadequate safety
protocols and ineffective crisis response.
4. Long-term Consequences: Government reports and articles discuss the enduring
environmental and health impacts on the affected community.
5. Legal and Regulatory Shifts: Literature reviews the legal proceedings following the disaster
and subsequent changes in industrial safety regulations.
 4.0Actual Methodology Followed: The methodology followed involved a thorough review
of academic articles, government reports, and case studies on the Bhopal Gas Tragedy to
gather information on the disaster’s causes, impact, and aftermath. Key safety failures,
corporate negligence, and response efforts were identified through analysis of primary and
secondary sources. Comparative analysis with similar industrial disasters was conducted to
highlight common factors and lessons. Finally, insights were synthesized to propose
recommendations for stronger safety protocols, better crisis management, and increased
accountability in high-risk industries.

5.0Actual Resources Used:

Sr
Name of Resource/Material Specification Qty. Remarks
No
1 Hardware Resource computer 1 -
2 Software Resource internet 1 -
3 Any Other Resource books 1 -
incident explanation:
The Bhopal Gas Tragedy, one of the world’s worst industrial disasters, occurred on
December 2-3, 1984, at a pesticide plant owned by Union Carbide Corporation (UCC) in
Bhopal, India. This tragic incident led to massive loss of life, long-term health issues, and
severe environmental damage, with lasting repercussions felt even today. Here’s an
overview of the key aspects of the tragedy:
1. Background and Cause of the Disaster
a. The Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal was built in 1969 to produce
carbaryl (sold under the brand name Sevin) and employed the highly toxic
chemical methyl isocyanate (MIC) in its manufacturing process.
b. On the night of December 2, 1984, a large amount of water entered an MIC
storage tank, causing an exothermic reaction that resulted in an uncontrollable
increase in pressure.
c. Due to the lack of functional safety systems, such as a proper refrigeration system
and a scrubber (used to neutralize gases), the highly toxic MIC gas leaked into the
atmosphere, exposing a densely populated area of Bhopal to deadly fumes.
2. Immediate Impact
a. The MIC gas spread quickly across Bhopal, affecting an estimated half a million
people.
b. Thousands of residents woke up struggling to breathe, their eyes and throats
burning. Many collapsed on the streets and in their homes as they attempted to
escape the toxic cloud.
c. Official records estimate that between 3,000 and 5,000 people died within the
first few days of exposure. Over time, the death toll rose to approximately
15,000-20,000 due to subsequent health complications.
3. Health Effects
a. Immediate Effects: MIC exposure caused respiratory distress, blindness, skin
irritation, vomiting, and other severe symptoms.
b. Long-term Effects: Many survivors developed chronic respiratory conditions,
neurological issues, skin disorders, and increased rates of cancers. Birth defects
became more prevalent in the years following the disaster.
c. Psychological Impact: The tragedy led to long-lasting trauma among survivors,
including depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
4. Environmental Damage
a. The plant site and surrounding areas were heavily contaminated with toxic
chemicals, which leached into the soil and groundwater.
b. The contaminated groundwater led to health issues among residents even years
later, as the toxins affected their drinking water and crops.
c. Despite cleanup efforts, some regions around the factory site remain polluted,
impacting the ecosystem and local community.
5. Legal Proceedings and Compensation
a. Union Carbide Corporation initially faced multiple lawsuits and investigations. In
1989, they agreed to a settlement with the Indian government for $470 million in
compensation, which was widely criticized as inadequate given the scale.
 b. The then-chairman of UCC, Warren Anderson, was arrested briefly but later
released and never faced trial in India.
c. In 2010, several Indian managers associated with Union Carbide India Limited
were convicted of negligence, but the legal processes have continued to face
criticism over the lack of accountability for higher-level management.
6. Safety Failures
a. The disaster revealed multiple safety lapses, including cost-cutting measures that
led to non-functional safety systems, understaffing, lack of training, and
inadequate maintenance.
b. The plant’s scrubber, flare tower, and refrigeration system were either inoperable
or shut down, making it impossible to control the reaction or contain the gas.
c. The disaster highlighted the importance of strict safety standards and regulations,
especially in industries dealing with hazardous chemicals.
7. Global and Local Repercussions
a. The tragedy spurred changes in industrial safety regulations worldwide,
emphasizing the need for better hazard management in the chemical industry.
b. It led to the establishment of environmental regulations in India, including the
Environment Protection Act of 1986, which aimed to prevent similar accidents.
c. The Bhopal Gas Tragedy also intensified global discussions on corporate ethics,
environmental justice, and the responsibilities of multinational corporations.
8. Lessons Learned
a. The tragedy underscored the critical need for stringent safety protocols and
oversight in chemical manufacturing facilities.
b. It highlighted the importance of corporate accountability and transparent
communication with local communities.
c. The disaster emphasized the role of government regulations to protect public
health and the environment, setting a precedent for stricter industrial safety laws
globally.
9. Current Status
a. Although some compensation was provided to the victims, activists continue to
campaign for additional assistance, medical aid, and complete cleanup of the
affected areas.
b. The site remains a painful reminder of the disaster, with ongoing concerns over
lingering pollutants in the soil and water and their impacts on residents.
c. Memorials and organizations in Bhopal continue to work toward justice for
victims and raise awareness of the lasting consequences of the disaster.
The Bhopal Gas Tragedy stands as a cautionary tale in industrial safety and corporate
responsibility, illustrating the catastrophic effects of neglect and underscoring the essential
need for ethical, safe practices in high-risk industries.
6.0 Skill Developed: This project developed skills in research, critical analysis, and ethical
evaluation, enhancing the ability to assess industrial safety practices, understand
environmental and health impacts, and propose improvements in crisis management and
corporate accountability.

Application of Micro Project: This micro-project serves as a valuable resource for

understanding industrial safety practices and the importance of ethical corporate conduct. Its
applications include informing policy development, improving crisis management strategies,
and raising awareness of environmental and public health responsibilities in hazardous
industries. It also aids students and professionals in recognizing the critical need for
accountability and robust safety measures to prevent future disasters.

Name & Signature of Course Teacher

(Prof.P.M.Deshpande)
 Microproject evaluation sheet
Name of Student: Sarvesh jamadar Enrollment No: 2211670095
Name of Program: Semester: fifth
Course Title: Environmental Studies Course Code: 22447
Title of Micro Project: Bhopal Gas Tragedy

Course Outcomes Achieved:

1. Understanding industrial safety
2. Corporate ethics awareness
3. Environmental impact awareness
Poor Average Good Excellent
Sr Sub
Characteristic to be Assessed Mark Mark Mark Mark
N Tota
s(1- s(4- s(6-8) s(9-
o l
3) 5) 10)
(A) Process and Product Assessment (6 Marks)
1 Relevance to the Course
2 Literature Review/Information Collection
3 Completion of the Targets per Project Proposal
4 Analysis of Data & Representation
5 Quality of Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (4Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Viva

(A) (B)
Total Marks
Process and Product Assessment Individual Presentation/Viva
(10 Marks)
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about Teamwork/Leadership/Inter-personal Communication (if

any)
…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………

Name &Designation of Course Teacher

(Prof.P.M.Deshpande)
 Microproject evaluation sheet
Name of Student: Sahil Dawange Enrollment No:2211670105
Name of Program: Semester: fifth
Course Title: Environmental Studies Course Code: 22447
Title of Micro Project: Bhopal Gas Tragedy

Course Outcomes Achieved:

1. Understanding industrial safety
2. Corporate ethics awareness
3. Environmental impact awareness
Poor Average Good Excellent
Sr Sub
Characteristic to be Assessed Mark Mark Mark Mark
N Tota
s(1- s(4- s(6-8) s(9-
o l
3) 5) 10)
(A) Process and Product Assessment (6 Marks)
1 Relevance to the Course
2 Literature Review/Information Collection
3 Completion of the Targets per Project Proposal
4 Analysis of Data & Representation
5 Quality of Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (4Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Viva

(A) (B)
Total Marks
Process and Product Assessment Individual Presentation/Viva
(10 Marks)
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about Teamwork/Leadership/Inter-personal Communication (if

any)
…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………

Name &Designation of Course Teacher

(Prof.P.M.Deshpande)
 Micro project evaluation sheet
Name of Student: Prajwal Ahire Enrollment No: 2211670106
Name of Program: Semester: fifth
Course Title: Environmental Studies Course Code: 22447
Title of Micro Project: Bhopal Gas Tragedy

Course Outcomes Achieved:

1. Understanding industrial safety
2. Corporate ethics awareness
3. Environmental impact awareness
Poor Average Good Excellent
Sr Sub
Characteristic to be Assessed Mark Mark Mark Mark
N Tota
s(1- s(4- s(6-8) s(9-
o l
3) 5) 10)
(A) Process and Product Assessment (6 Marks)
1 Relevance to the Course
2 Literature Review/Information Collection
3 Completion of the Targets per Project Proposal
4 Analysis of Data & Representation
5 Quality of Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (4Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Viva

(A) (B)
Total Marks
Process and Product Assessment Individual Presentation/Viva
(10 Marks)
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about Teamwork/Leadership/Inter-personal Communication (if

any)
…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………

Name &Designation of Course Teacher

(Prof.P.M.Deshpande)
 Micro project evaluation sheet
Name of Student: Snehal Koli Enrollment No:2211670130
Name of Program: Semester: fifth
Course Title: Environmental Studies Course Code: 22447
Title of Micro Project: Bhopal Gas Tragedy

Course Outcomes Achieved:

1. Understanding industrial safety
2. Corporate ethics awareness
3. Environmental impact awareness
Poor Average Good Excellent
Sr Sub
Characteristic to be Assessed Mark Mark Mark Mark
N Tota
s(1- s(4- s(6-8) s(9-
o l
3) 5) 10)
(A) Process and Product Assessment (6 Marks)
1 Relevance to the Course
2 Literature Review/Information Collection
3 Completion of the Targets per Project Proposal
4 Analysis of Data & Representation
5 Quality of Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation/Viva (4Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Viva

(A) (B)
Total Marks
Process and Product Assessment Individual Presentation/Viva
(10 Marks)
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/Suggestions about Teamwork/Leadership/Inter-personal Communication (if

any)
…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………

Name &Designation of Course Teacher

(Prof.P.M.Deshpande)