DP EXERCICES QUESTIONARE

1.0 - DP CONTROL SYSTEM/GENERAL

1.1 – What is the main purpose of Dynamic Positioning?

( ) to leave the positioning of the vessel to the computers in order that the operators on the bridge can be
relieved of tedious work and focus on more important bridge responsibilities’.
( ) To increase the accuracy of positioning.
( ) To increase operational safety.
( ) To increase the number of automated devices on board.

1.2 – Dynamic Positioning can be defined as a system which?

( ) Controls a vessel’s position and heading by joystick inputs from DP Operator.
( ) Automatically controls the vessel’s heading exclusively by active thrust.
( ) Automatically controls a vessel’s position and heading exclusively by means of active thrust.
( ) Controls a vessel’s position and heading based on manual joystick inputs.

1.3 – There are six degrees of freedom on a vessel afloat, three of them being controlled by a DP System.
Which one does not depend on the input of Position Measurement Equipment – PME?
( ) Surge.
( ) Sway.
( ) Yaw.
( ) Heave.

1.4 – Which of the following include the main elements of DP System?

( ) Safety equipment, thrusters, Doppler logger and draft sensor.
( ) thrusters, power supply, position reference system and sensors.
( ) Loran, Decca, Power supply, ballast system and thrusters.
( ) Sensors, stability calculator, position reference system and magnetic compass.
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1.5 – Which of the six degrees of freedom for movements of a ship are controlled by the DP System?
( ) Pitch, Roll and Heave.
( ) Roll, Surge and Sway.
( ) Swell, Drift and Deviation.
( ) Sway, Yaw and Surge.

1.6 – What are the three degrees of freedom that the DP System measures and controls?
( ) Surge, Pitch and Heave.
( ) Pitch, Sway and Heading.
( ) Surge, Sway and Yaw.
( ) Yaw, Roll and Pitch.

1,7 – What are the three degrees of freedom that the DP System measured but only monitor?
( ) Roll, Pitch and Heave.
( ) Pitch, Sway and Heading.
( ) Surge, Sway and Yaw.
( ) Yaw, Roll and Pitch.

1.8 – With the DP system set to the Auto Position Mode, the system will?
( ) Control the vessel’s heading to achieve a minimum power configuration.
( ) Maintain the vessel’s position and heading as closely as possible to the set-point values.
( ) Permit the DPO to manoeuvre the vessel using the joystick control.
( ) Create the possibility the vessel to automatically follow a predetermined track.

1.9 – Mark one dynamic positioning unit disadvantage compared with anchor drilling unit?
( ) No underwater hazards from thrusters for divers and ROV’s.
( ) Limited maneuvrebility once positioned.
( ) Low initial cost on installation.
( ) High fuel cost.
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1.10 – Under which of the following conditions may positioning may be improved by increasing Control
Gain?
( ) When station keeping is poor due to high noise in the position reference sensors.
( ) When thrusters appear to be hunting in thruster view.
( ) When encountering increased wind or current conditions.
( ) During periods of poor visibility in shallow waters.

1.11 – The DP Current is determined by?

( ) Calculation using the mathematical model.
( ) Using a current meter equipment.
( ) Using a Doppler logger sensor.
( ) Compare the information between DGNSS and Doppler logger.

1.12 – Does the DP system measure the sea current?

( ) Yes.
( ) No.
( ) Yes using the current meter sensor.
( ) Yes using the Doppler logger information.

1.13 – When a vessel is operating in Auto DP Mode or DP, how is the vessel’s heading controlled?
( ) Manually, using the Joystick control.
( ) Deduced from measured environmental force vectors.
( ) Using the Vertical Sensor input.
( ) Automatically, by the DP system.

1.14 – What is a vessel mathematical model?

( ) a brief description of a vessel’s movements.
( ) a mathematical description of how vessel reacts or moves as a function of the forces acting upon it.
( ) it’s a picture computer uses to calculate feedback demand to counteract environmental forces.
( ) a computer algorithm that calculates thruster set point signals.
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1.15 – What information found on a DP system would a DPO use to determine the best heading to take to
minimize power consumption and thruster loads?
( ) VRU, VRS or MRU inputs.
( ) Hawse tension readings.
( ) Wind/DP Current (Environmental Force) speed and direction.
( ) Waves/swell direction and height and Current Tides forces and direction.

1.16 – Identify in the following items the most complete definition for DP?
( ) Dynamic Positioning may be defined as a system which automatically controls a vessel’s position and
heading exclusively by means of active thrusters.
( ) Dynamic Position is a complete system to keep Head and Position in any conditions.
( ) Dynamic Position is a system to give sea-keeping ability to a vessel.
( ) Dynamic Position is a way to steer the vessel in an easier way.

1.17 – Why is it necessary for a vessel to be in Auto Position Mode for a minimum of 30 minutes before
start work?
( ) To permit the DPO complete the DP checklist.
( ) To allow the DPO enable the minimum Position Reference System – PRS.
( ) To allow the system’s mathematical model to build.
( ) To DPO check that all thrusters are responding correctly.

1.18 – In a general rule, control of what axis will receive priority for thrust allocation when in DP Mode?
( ) Sway.
( ) Roll.
( ) Surge.
( ) Yaw.
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1.19 – Which one the following degrees of freedom are monitor, but not controlled, by the DP system?
( ) Pitch.
( ) Sway.
( ) Surge.
( ) Yaw.

1.20 – What is one disadvantage of a ship working using its DP system compared to being anchored?
( ) DP vessel’s are less manoeuvrable with compared a vessel positioning using anchors.
( ) DP vessel’s need more time to move and change locations.
( ) Continually running thrusters are hazards for divers and ROV’s.
( ) A DP vessel’s can only operate in very calm weather.

1.21 – The value of the DP Current on the DP Operator Station (HMI) is likely to be different from the true
tidal stream or current. A possible reason for this is?
( ) Difference between temperature in the water column measure by current meter.
( ) An unknown external force acting on the vessel’s and/or an unmeasured error within the DP system.
( ) Failure of Vertical Reference Sensor input.
( ) Variation of tide when operating in shallow water.

1.22 – The DP system has seven main major hardware elements. Which one is used for interface to DPO
sends and receives data from controller?
( ) DP HMI/DP Work Station/DP Operator Station.
( ) DGNSS.
( ) Environmental Reference Systems.
( ) Position Reference System.

1.23 – If occur several system failures, such as the total loss of position or heading input to the system, a
software function will maintain thruster output settings. This function is called?
( ) Environmental Model.
( ) Model Control or Dead Reckoning (D/R).
( ) Thruster Allocation Logic.
( ) Wind feed forward.
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1.24 – Before initiate any DP operations, how much setting time in Auto Position Mode should vessel’s
stay?
( ) 15 minutes.
( ) 30 minutes.
( ) 60 minutes.
( ) 90 minutes.

1.25 – Which of the following items can cause wind model errors?
( ) An incorrect estimation of the sea current.
( ) Selection of more than three wind sensors.
( ) Increased thruster activity.
( ) Locating the vessel in a position which is party sheltered from the wind.

1.26 – When in full Automatic Mode a DP system is controlling?

( ) Surge, Sway and Yaw.
( ) Pitch, Roll and Heave.
( ) Only Yaw.
( ) Only Sway and Surge.

1.27 – Why the Wind Feed Forward facility is important?

( ) It allows the DP system to take immediate action if the wind changes direction and/or speed.
( ) It is import to keep the vessel head aligned with resultant forces.
( ) automatic updated the Capability Plot.
( ) An alarm is activated if the difference between the Wind Sensors exceeds 3 degrees.

1.28 – According the items listed below, which is the most important to the operation of the DP System?
( ) RADAR SCAN.
( ) Draft Sensor.
( ) Gyro Compass.
( ) Doppler Logger.
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1.29 – A DP function that performs calculations to verify that sufficient thrust and power is available to
maintain position and heading in the event of a single point failure is called?
( ) Power Management System; is required only for DP Classes 2 and 3.
( ) Consequence Analysis; it is required on DP Classes 2 and 3.
( ) Consequence Analysis; it is required on DP Classes 1, 2 and 3.
( ) Thruster Allocation Logic; it is required on DP Classes 2 and 3.

1.30 – Which Program will warn the DPO, on DP Classes 2 and 3, if there will be insufficient thrust in the
event of Thruster or Switchboard failure?
( ) Capability Plot.
( ) Offline Monitoring.
( ) Redundancy Monitoring.
( ) Consequence Analysis.

1.31 – A DP system using the ‘preferred’ method of sensor allocation is fitted with two Gyro Compasses;
both are selected into DP system and one is chosen as the ‘preferred’ Gyro. The system alerts you that are a
‘heading difference error’ between the two Gyros. What would you do?
( ) Call the Platform and abort the operation as soon as possible.
( ) Immediately change the preferred Gyro.
( ) Compare the two Gyros with the Magnetic Compass, before deciding whether to change the preferred
Gyro.
( ) Deselect both Gyros.

1.32 – When is it advisable to deselect the wind sensor?

( ) When temperature below zero degrees Celsius are forecast or expected.
( ) When thunderstorms are in the vicinity.
( ) When a helicopter is about to land on your vessel.
( ) When relocating the vessel to a new position under DP control.
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1.33 - What name is given to the fore and aft movement of a vessel?

( ) Surge.

( ) Sway.

( ) Yaw.

( ) Pitch.

1.34 - What name is given to the side to side or athwart movement of a vessel?

( ) Sway.

( ) Roll.

( ) Yaw.

( ) Heave.

2.0 – DP Redundancy.

2.1 – A DP system is considered to have redundancy when the vessel has?

( ) More than one Positioning Measured Equipment – PME or Positioning Reference System – PRS.
( ) More than one Human Machine Interface – HMI / Operator Station – OS / Work Station – WS.
( ) More than one Gyro Compass.
( ) The ability to maintain position and heading subsequent to a single point failure.

2.2 – What is DP Redundancy?

( ) The use of more than one DP system on the same vessel.
( ) The use of more thrusters than required to keep position.
( ) Is the ability of a vessel to withstand the loss of any component within the DP system without losing
position and heading.
( ) The use of UPS’s to support blackouts.
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2.3 – If a DP system component fails, the loss of position and/or heading can be prevented by?
( ) The provision of redundancy.
( ) Higher speed controller’s.
( ) A good sea trials commission.
( ) Calibration reliable test.

2.4 – Under whish DP vessel equipment Class is it possible that loss of position may occur in the event of a
fault?
( ) DP Class 3.
( ) DP Class 1.
( ) DP Class 2.
( ) None of them.

2.5 – A DP Class 1 vessel?

( ) Is not capable to maintain position and heading automatically.
( ) Has a minimum two controllers.
( ) Has the highest standards of system redundancy available.
( ) May lose position and/or heading if a single component in the DP system fails.

2.6 – Which Program will tell the DPO if the vessel will survive a worst case failure?
( ) Offline Monitoring.
( ) Redundancy Monitoring.
( ) Capability Plot.
( ) Consequence Analysis.

2.7 – What the online Consequence Analyses function Program doing?

( ) Determinates the risk in the DP planning process.
( ) Verifies continued thruster and power redundancy for DP Class 2 and 3 vessel’s.
( ) It’s a program required for DP Class 1, 2 and 3 vessel’s.
( ) Calculates the vessel’s capability to hold position in various wind conditions.
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2.8 – Redundancy, with respect to keep the vessel heading input can be achieved by fitting?
( ) 2 or more Vertical Reference System – VRS.
( ) A third DP Human Machine Operator Station.
( ) An extra DP Controller or Computer.
( ) 2 or more Gyro Compasses.

2.9 – The possibility of loss of Position and/or Heading is reduced by?

( ) Ensuring system redundancy to Equipment Class 2 or 3.
( ) Enable or Deploying multiple Position Measure Equipment or Position Reference System – PRS.
( ) Ensuring DP Operators are well-trained and experienced.
( ) Efficient and comprehensive operational planning.

2.10 – If the DP Console on Class 1 vessel has a total loss of power while the vessel is on Auto DP. What
control the DPO can do continuous manouevre the vessel’s thrusters by switching to?
( ) Auto Track Mode.
( ) Independent Joystick Control – IJC.
( ) Joystick Mode on the Console.
( ) DP Autopilot Mode.

2.11 – For DP Class 2 and 3 operations, at least three Position Reference System should be deployed and
selected into the DP system. Why should they not all be of the same type?
( ) So that if one PRS fails, the vessel remains fully operational.
( ) To protect against Common Mode Failure.
( ) Because of the improved accuracy available from this configuration.
( ) To provide two back-up references.
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2.12 – A DP Class 2 or 3 vessel is fitted with four Position Reference System (PRS); two DGNSS, Taut
Wire and Laser. In this instance, why should the DPO prefer to consider the two DGNSS as just one PRS?
( ) DGNSS system are less reliable and accurate than surface systems.
( ) Common-mode failure may occur to all DGNSS systems, whereby one event could result in a loss of all
DGNSS position references.
( ) This is required by the IMO Equipment Class rules.
( ) The DP Classification Societies require.

2.13 – What is the main propose of system Redundancy?

( ) Permit the vessel to continue operations subsequent to a single failure.
( ) Allow the Captain relax after a worst single failure occur.
( ) Allow the operation to be safely abandoned after any single-point failure.
( ) Remove the element of risk from hazardous operations.

2.14 – DP Vessel’s to received IMO Class 3 installation, the DP control system may comprise of?
( ) A Duplex or two-computer system.
( ) A Triplex or three-computer system.
( ) A Duplex or Triplex system with an additional back-up control computer with A-60 separation.
( ) Two Duplex or Triplex systems running in parallel.

2.15 – When referring to DP Equipment Class, what means ‘Redundancy’?

( ) The vessel is unable to maintain position and heading following any single point failure.
( ) The DPO has opportunity to easy make easy your life on board.
( ) The ability of a DP vessel to maintain position and heading subsequent to a single failure in any part of
the DP system.
( ) Is a recommendation in any DP Class.
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2.16 – In which DP Class should loss of position is not occur from any single failure including the loss of all
components in any single fire subdivision or watertight compartment?
( ) Class 1.
( ) Class 2 and 3.
( ) Class 3.
( ) None of them.

2.17 – IMO DP Equipment Classes are defined by?

( ) The number of computer/controller in a DP system.
( ) DP components being physical separated by A-60 bulkhead fire subdivision.
( ) The number of levels of redundancy for each DP system component.
( ) The number of Position Reference System – PRS.

2.18 – What is the current minimum system requirement for a DP Class 2 vessel?
( ) Three Computers.
( ) Three Gyro Compasses.
( ) Two Gyro Compasses and one Magnetic Compass.
( ) Two different Position Reference System – PRS.

2.19 – What is the minimum number of DP control Computers or Controller required on DP Class 2 vessel?
( ) 3.
( ) 1.
( ) 2.
( ) 4.

3.0 – DP Position Reference Systems – PRS.

3.1 – The Sway is determined from data from?

( ) Position Reference System – PRS or Position Measure Equipment – PME.
( ) Gyro Compasses.
( ) Vertical Reference Sensors.
( ) Draft Sensors.
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3.2 – The Surge is determined data from?

( ) Tension Machine Sensor.
( ) Tension Hawser Sensor.
( ) Doppler Logger.
( ) Position Reference System – PRS or Position Measure Equipment – PME.

3.3 – To understand the consequences of failure in any redundant part of a DP system onboard a DP 2 or DP
3 vessel, the DPO should be familiar with?
( ) The International maritime Organization MSC/Circ. 645 of 1994 – guidelines for Vessels with Dynamic
Positioning Systems.
( ) Standards of Training, Certification and Watch keeping (STCW) Convention.
( ) The Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) document.
( ) The IMO and ABS – guidelines for Vessels with Dynamic Positioning Systems.

3.4 – What is an FMEA with respect to a DP vessel?

( ) A manual that gives instructions on the operation of the DP system.
( ) A document which highlights failure modes of the DP system and their effects on operation.
( ) Company procedures for carrying out DP operations.
( ) Emergency procedures to deal with DP failures.

3.5 – Which Position Reference System provides the DP system with a global position (Latitude and
Longitude or UTM)?
( ) RADASCAN/RADIUS
( ) LTW
( ) LASER (CYSCAN/FANBEAN)
( ) DGNSS (DGPS/DGLONASS/GALELEO).
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3.6 – What does the DP System use to calculate weighting (or confidence) for each Position Reference
System?
( ) Time between light transmission and received.
( ) Signal strength.
( ) Weather conditions.
( ) Relative spread of fixes.

3.7 – A local Positioning Reference System is measuring from a local Reference Origin. Example are:
( ) Artemis, DGNSS. Taut Wire (LTW).
( ) Artemis, Taut Wire (LTW), FMCW and Laser.
( ) DGNSS, Taut Wire (LTW) and FMCW Radar.
( ) DGNSS, Artemis and FMCW Radar.

3.8 – What has a major negative effect on sound propagation in water when using an Acoustic Position
Reference System?
( ) Seabed topography.
( ) Water pressure.
( ) Thruster activity.
( ) Water salinity.

3.9 – What is the normal accuracy of modern DGNSS system?

( ) Less than 0.1 meter.
( ) Less than 1 meter.
( ) Less than 3 meters.
( ) Less than 10 meters.

3.10 – Underwater Acoustic transmission is not hampered by?

( ) Rain.
( ) Solar prominences.
( ) Schools of fish.
( ) Divers.
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3.11 – Acoustic reception is not damaged by?

( ) Bubbles in the water.
( ) Thruster noise.
( ) Snow.
( ) Water depth.

3.12 – Long Base Line – LBL acoustic position is determined by?

( ) Round trip to multiple transponders in a array.
( ) Phase shift between elements in a single transducer.
( ) Difference in time of arrival of signal at separately mounted hydrophones.
( ) Range and bearing from transducers/hydrophones to a single transponder.

3.13 – Ultra Short Base Line – USBL or Super Short Base Line – SSBL acoustic position is determined by?
( ) Round trip to multiple transponders in a array.
( ) Phase shift between elements in a single transducer.
( ) Difference in time of arrival of signal at separately mounted hydrophones.
( ) Range and bearing from transducers/hydrophones to a single transponder.

3.14 – Short Base Line – SBL position is determined by?

( ) Round trip to multiple transponders in a array.
( ) Phase shift between elements in a single transducer.
( ) Difference in time of arrival of signal at separately mounted hydrophones.
( ) Range and bearing from transducers/hydrophones to a single transponder.

3.15 – In a Hydro acoustic Position Reference (HPR) System, a Responder is a device which?
( ) Is interrogated through water and replies through water.
( ) Sends continuous acoustic pulse from sea floor.
( ) Is interrogated by electrical signal through cable, replying through water.
( ) Is interrogated through water and replies via cable.
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3.16 – How many Global Positioning Satellites are above the horizon at any time?
( ) Approximately 12.
( ) Approximately 10.
( ) Approximately 8.
( ) No more than 4.

3.17 – When using hydro acoustic Position Reference ( HPR) system, acoustic reception is not adversely
affect by?
( ) Aeration in the water.
( ) Water column.
( ) Heavy snowfall.
( ) Thruster noise or actives.

3.18 – Ultra Short Baseline (USBL) or Super Short Base Line (SSBL) Hydro acoustic positioning is
determined by?
( ) Acoustic ranging from multiple transponders in a array.
( ) Range and bearing of a single transponders beacon.
( ) Difference in time of arrival of signal from a single pinger beacon to an array of hydrophones mounted
on the vessel hull.
( ) Monitoring signals from a mobile transponder beacon.

3.19 – Which is the system that uses a single transducer and a calibrated array of transponders located on the
sea floor?

( ) Long Base Line (LBL) acoustic positioning.

( ) Short Base Line (SBL) acoustic positioning.
( ) Super Short Base Line (SSBL) acoustic positioning.
( ) Ultra Short Base Line (USBL) acoustic positioning.
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3.20 – How many Position Reference Systems should be available and online during a Class 2 operation,
according to IMO Requirement?
( ) 1.
( ) 2.
( ) 3.
( ) 4.

3.21 – How many Position Reference Systems should be available and online during a Class 3 operation,
according to IMO Requirement?
( ) 1.
( ) 2.
( ) 3.
( ) 3 but one connected straight to back-up HMI in a separated room protect with A-60 bulkhead.

3.22 – If a position discrepancy among three or more Position Reference Systems is detected, the DP system
will reject the drifting PRS as a result of the?
( ) Calibration test.
( ) Redundancy test.
( ) Median Test (voting)
( ) Consequence analysis.

3.23 – A Dual Frequency GNSS (L1/L2) receiver is used to?

( ) Achieve redundancy in the operation.
( ) Lock on to a satellite on one channel while scanning on another.
( ) Improve accuracy by compensating for ionosphere delay.
( ) Get better positioning due to the higher positioning accuracy of military frequencies.
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3.24 – What might be the 95 percent accuracy of a Differential Global Navigation Satellite System
(DGNSS) using a modern commercial subscription service?
( ) Dissymmetric, around 0.1metre.
( ) Less than 1 meter.
( ) Less than 2 meter.
( ) Any above, depending on which service is chosen.

3.25 – Which of the following is not a DGNSS quality factor?

( ) The number of satellites being tracked, more is better.
( ) The Age or Latency of differential correction data, less is better..
( ) Adverse weather conditions.
( ) The value of HDOP.

3.26 – Position Reference System – PRS could be affected by different problems, choice at items bellow
there the principal causes for each PRS’s:
A – DGNSS;
B - Taut Wire (LTW);
C – HPR; and
D – LASER.
( ) Ionosphere delay or sunspot activity, structure, radio interference, lost of differential correction, value of
HDOP, number of satellites being tracked, age or Latency of differential correction, multipath and clock
error.
( ) Accuracy decreases as depth of water and angle of wire increases, strong tides, sea bottom obstruction,
angle of wire, etc…
( ) Noise and aeration from thrusters and ambient, water temperature and salinity, other vessel’s around
vicinity, used a correct speed of sound into the water column, aeration, divers, ROV’s and schools of fishes.
( ) Weather conditions: rain, snowfall, fog, dust into laser head lent, smoke fun the funnel, line of sight
obstruction, sun light and spotlight, tapes attached at lifeboats, buoy and personal clothes.
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3.27 – Which of the following may adversely affect the quality and accuracy of positional data provided by
DGNSS position Reference System?
( ) The close proximity of large platform structure.
( ) The DGPS antenna being located too high in the vessel.
( ) Interference from laser-based position reference system.
( ) Use of the UTM co-ordinate system.

3.28 – Identify Position Reference System – PRS that can use multiple targets?
( ) FCW Radar (RADIUS/RADSCAN) and Artemis.
( ) DARPS and FMCW Radar (RADIUS/RADSCAN).
( ) Laser and FMCW Radar (RADIUS/RADSCAN).
( ) Laser and Taut Wire (LTW).

3.29 – If a rig has just one Artemis fix antenna, how many vessels can be positioned using Artemis as a
Position Reference System – PRS?
( ) Two vessels.
( ) Three vessels.
( ) Only one vessel.
( ) any vessel inside the 5 km range.

3.30 – What is the maximum practicable range for FMCW (RADIUS/RADSCAN) Position Reference
System – PRS?
( ) 10 – 50m.
( ) 200 – 1.000m.
( ) 5.000m.
( ) 10.000m.
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3.31 – What is the best accuracy range for FMCW (RADIUS/RADSCAN) Position Reference System –
PRS?
( ) 0 – 50m.
( ) 10 – 200m
( ) 200 – 500m
( ) 500 – 1.000m

3.32 – What is a Cyscan and Fanbean system?

( ) Microwave Position Reference System.
( ) Ultrasonic Position Reference System.
( ) Laser Position Reference System.
( ) Satellite-based Position Reference System.

3.33 – A survey vessel is using one HPR Pole/Transducer in Super Short Base Line (SSBL) technique. Four
separate Transponders beacons are in position and being interrogated. Three beacons are in fixed locations
on the sea floor. The fourth beacon is designated ‘mobile’ and is located on ROV. For DP Class purpose,
this array qualifies as?
( ) Two Position Reference System.
( ) Three Position Reference System.
( ) One Position Reference System.
( ) Four Position Reference System.

3.33 – The best placement, when possible, of HPR system transponder beacons will be?
( ) Upwind and up-current from vessel location.
( ) Downwind and down-current from vessel location.
( ) Downwind and up-current from vessel location.
( ) Down-current and upwind from vessel location.
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3.34 – Performance of HPR is often limited by acoustic conditions in the water. What would be an example
of such a condition?
( ) Oil leaking from the ROV.
( ) Conversations between divers.
( ) Noise from the Taut Wire (LTW) winch.
( ) Noise from vessel thrusters.

3.35 – How are HPR beacons deployed from a DP vessel?

( ) Lowered to the seabed using a wire which remains attached to the vessel, evolved into a tripod.
( ) Placed in position using ROV: some Drilling Rigs adapted the last drill pipe at end of column, like
hanger with four or five place and the Rig sailing for each location and ROV gets one by one and placed or
bottom to water and they go by gravity to the seabed naturally, if needs some adjust ROV correct.
( ) Lowered to the seabed using a wire which may be buoyed off (involved by a floater).
( ) Any of the above methods may be used.

3.36 – A major reason for the loss of hydro-acoustic signals is?

( ) Pressure gradient in the water column.
( ) Noise and aeration from thrusters.
( ) Marine growth.
( ) Engine vibration.

3.37 – Multipath reception can be a problem for HPR and GNSS Position Reference System by?
( ) Decreasing the strength of the received signal.
( ) Causing the system to listen to wrong signal source.
( ) Creating a shorter than correct path for the signals.
( ) Confusing the distance and/or direction from the source through signal reflection.
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3.38 – How many Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) what is recommended minimum number of
satellites required position fixing?
( ) 1.
( ) 2.
( ) 3.
( ) 4.

3.39 – Which of the following principles does a GNSS use to determine vessel position?
( ) Range and bearing from reference station is determined from communications satellite; position is
therefore determined by the know location of the reference station.
( ) The vessel transmits data to the GNSS satellites, which then transmit data to reference stations for
retransmission to the vessel.
( ) The GNSS receive acquires radio signals from satellites, measures the time delay of signal reception and,
with known satellites positions, determinates multiple position lines.
( ) GNSS satellites monitor the vessel position and transmit the information via communication satellite to
the vessel.

4.0 – DP Operational questions.

4.1 – In the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), how many Zones are there?
( ) 24.
( ) 12.
( ) 48.
( ) 60.

4.2 – In the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), why they use False North’s and False Easting only?
( ) It’s an international convention.
( ) To avoid used negative numbers.
( ) It`s a recommendation from IMO Circ. 645.
( ) It`s a Mercator decision.
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4.3 - In the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), how many degrees has each zone?
( ) 60.
( ) 180.
( ) 270.
( ) 6.

4.4 - In the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), when is necessary use False North and False East?
( ) When the position of the vessel is located in Southern Hemisphere and West.
( ) When the position of the vessel is located in Northern Hemisphere and East.
( ) When the position of the vessel is located in Northern Hemisphere only.
( ) When the position of the vessel is located in Southern Hemisphere only.

4.5 - In the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), we can use Latitude and Longitude values?
( ) Yes.
( ) No.
( ) Yes, when the vessel are in Southern Hemisphere.
( ) That’s depends of UTM Zone.

4.6 - In the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), use negative values?

( ) Yes.
( ) No.
( ) Yes, when the vessel are in Southern Hemisphere.
( ) That’s depends of UTM Zone.

4.7 – Before conduct any DP Operation is necessary make a hazard identifications planning. According this
recommendation when planning a DP operation for a location close to a fixed structure, one of the most
import considerations will be?
( ) Check the performance of all position reference system - PRS are on-line.
( ) Check the communications facilities between your vessel and platform.
( ) Plan a reliable vessel escape route from the location.
( ) Complete a pre-operational checklist.
 DP REFRESHER

4.8 – Identify a DP Operation Mode whereby a vessel is automatically holding position relative a mobile
target?
( ) Auto DP / Auto Position.
( ) Track Follow / Auto Track.
( ) Follow Target / Follow Sub.
( ) Minimum Power / Weathervane.

4.9 – What kind of DP vessels actives may be used Auto Track or Track Follow facilities Mode?
( ) Dive Support.
( ) Drilling.
( ) Cable or Pipe Laying.
( ) Platform Supply.

4.10 – When conducting diving operations from a vessel on DP, the length of the diver’s umbilical must be?
( ) Long enough to allow the divers to access the worksite.
( ) No more than 50m.
( ) No more than distance to the nearest thruster from the umbilical tending-point, minus 5m.
( ) No more that the distance to the nearest thruster from the umbilical tending-point.

4.11 – What kind of DP vessels actives may be used ROV Follow facility Mode?
( ) Drilling rigs.
( ) Dive support.
( ) Cable or Pipeline Survey / ROV Support Vessels.
( ) Anchor Handling Tug Supply – AHTS.

4.12 – A cable vessel is engaged in ploughing operation using ‘Auto Track’ Mode. Plough hawser tension is
being measured and entered into the DP system. If feedback data from the plough hawser tension sensor is
lost, then the probable result will be?
( ) DP submitted a position drop out.
( ) DP change automatically to Auto Position Mode.
( ) DP system reverts to Joystick Mode.
( ) Plough tension will be displayed by the system as DP Current or Environmental Force.
 DP REFRESHER

4.13 – A pipe lay vessel is engaged in pipe lay operation using DP. In addition to the normal range of
position, heading and environmental references, feedback may also be required in respect of?
( ) Draught sensor to monitor variation on vessel draught.
( ) The position of touchdown point.
( ) Water depth.
( ) Pipe tension values.

4.14 – What kind of DP vessels actives may be used Weathervane or Minimum Power Heading facilities
Mode?
( ) Drilling rigs.
( ) Shuttle Tanker and FPSO.
( ) Cable or Pipeline Survey / ROV Support Vessels.
( ) Anchor Handling Tug Supply – AHTS.

4.15 – Many DP systems have a Weathervane or Minimum Power mode of control. When operating in this
mode?
( ) The Operator has choice to change head according his necessity.
( ) The DP system computes and displays the optimum value of the heading, allowing the DP Operator to
rotate the vessel to this heading.
( ) The DP system continuously calculates the optimum vessel heading and adopts this value as Set Point
Heading.
( ) The DP system controls the vessel heading automatically while the position is controlled manually by the
DP Operator.

4.16 – During ROV operations, which of the DP Position Reference System – PRS could the ROV interact
and possibly interface with?
( ) Artemis and FMCW Radar (RADARSCAN / RADIUS).
( ) DGNSS and DARPS.
( ) HPR and Taut Wire (LTW).
( ) Laser and FMCW Radar (RADARSCAN / RADIUS).
 DP REFRESHER

4.17 – A vessel is on DP close to a platform structure. A single Wind Sensor is selected. How will the vessel
react if the hull and superstructure is in wind shadow and the Wind Sensor is suddenly exposed to the full
force of the wind?
( ) The system will apply thrust and move against the ‘current’.
( ) The system will maintain position with the average thrust used.
( ) The vessel will drift-off.
( ) The system will apply thrust and move against the wind.

4.18 – Why the DP Operator must be familiar with the details of the worksite?
( ) He is responsible for safety within the worksite.
( ) He must select the redundancy level and Equipment Class appropriate for the operation.
( ) He needs to identify the hazards and use this in the contingency planning of the operation.
( ) He must select the correct configuration of the power plant.

4.19- Before deploying an ROV directly over the side of a DP vessel, which of the following would be of
most concern?
( ) Proper operation of the HPR beacon on the vehicle.
( ) Proper lubrication of the lifting wire for the ROV.
( ) Proximity of ROV and umbilical to running thrusters.
( ) Skill of the ROV driver.

4.20 – Which of the following must the DP Operator communicate to ROV Control?
( ) Position of all Wind Sensors.
( ) Information about all Position Reference System ( PRS) to be used, with a particular emphasis on above
water PRS.
( ) Position of Taut Wires (LTW) and other down-lines.
( ) Information about beacons and transponders.
 DP REFRESHER

5.0 – Power Plant, Propulsion System and Thrusters.

5.1 – The thrusters on a DP vessel control?

( ) Heave, Pitch and Surge.
( ) Heave, Pitch and Sway.
( ) Surge, Sway and Yaw.
( ) Yaw, Heave and Roll.

5.2 – How the DPO could stop a thruster which is not connected to a Shaft Generator/Alternator fails to full
force?
( ) Call the Master to stop.
( ) Request this action from engine room.
( ) Activate the Emergency Stop for the failed thruster.
( ) Deselect the failed thruster from the DP Operator Station.

5.3 – Why may Prohibited Azimuth Zone / Exclusion Azimuth Zone / Azimuth Barring still be required
when only one Azimuth Thruster is fitted?
( ) To prevent interference with Tunnel Thrusters.
( ) To prevent interference with acoustic devices on the hull such Echo sounder and Doppler Log
transducers.
( ) To allow access to the Azimuth Thruster in dry doc.
( ) To make life easy for the engineers.

5.4 – What determinates the amount of thruster force used while operating in the Joystick Mode of
operation?
( ) Wind force measurements.
( ) The number of generators on the switchboard.
( ) Joystick deflection and settings.
( ) Vessel classification.
 DP REFRESHER

5.5 – Which of the following affects the amount of thruster force used while maintaining station in the Auto
Position Mode?
( ) The class of operation being conducted.
( ) Number of position reference system in use.
( ) Environmental forces acting on the vessel and excursion from set point, if any.
( ) Vessel IMO Equipment Class and Lloyds Classifications.

5.6 – When recommended use Thruster Bias Mode?

( ) In very strong environmental conditions.
( ) In very calm weather conditions.
( ) In poor visibility.
( ) In proximity of others vessels.

5.7 – A Thruster Bias can be selected?

( ) To avoid unnecessary fuel consumption.
( ) When Azimuth Thrusters continuously hunt for direction in low environmental conditions.
( ) On a Tunnel Thruster.
( ) In the Northern Hemisphere only.

5.8 – What is the minimum number of Thrusters requirement for a DP Class 2 vessel?
( ) One Bow and one stern Thruster.
( ) Two bow and one stern Thruster.
( ) Two bow and two stern Thruster.
( ) Three bow and two stern Thruster.

5.9 - How do you increase thrust with a Fixed Pitch Propeller?

( ) By changing the ‘angle of attack’ of the propeller blades.
( ) By increasing the RPM.
( ) By changing the direction of rotation.
( ) All of the above.
 DP REFRESHER

5.10 – A vessel is equipped with two Azimuth Thrusters as the stern. A ‘Fixed Azimuth’ mode is available,
when might this be selected?
( ) To reduce the workload on the DPO.
( ) When helicopter is about to land in your vessel.
( ) When the Thrusters are continually ‘hunting’ for direction in light weather conditions.
( ) To reduce fuel consumption.

5.11 – According to IMO MSC/645 of 1994, a Power Management System is required for which DP Class?
( ) DP Class 1 and 2.
( ) DP Class 3.
( ) DP Classes 1, 2 and 3.
( ) DP Classes 2 and 3.

5.12 – The Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) battery system provides a back-up power supply for?
( ) main Switchboard.
( ) All Thrusters.
( ) Main propulsion only.
( ) DP Operator Stations, Control Computers, Position Reference Systems – PRS and Sensors.

5.13 – What is the main advantage of an Azimuth Thruster compared with non Azimuth Thrusters?
( ) It is impossible for divers or the ROV to come into contact with the propeller blades.
( ) Maintenance cost are reduced.
( ) Azimuth thrusters are more fuel efficient.
( ) Azimuth Thrusters can provide thrust in any direction.

5.14 – Thruster malfunction may best be detected by observing which of the following?
( ) Changes in thrust output.
( ) Differences between bow stern thruster outputs.
( ) Thrust demand and feedback
( ) Power plant output.
 DP REFRESHER

5.15 – A DP control System (Control Computers, Operator Station, etc) is protected against a main power
failure or fluctuations of the ship’s main power supply by?
( ) Having a back-up DP Control System.
( ) The alertness of the DPO.
( ) Being connected to the Emergency Generator.
( ) Being connected to an Uninterruptible Power Supply – UPS including battery back-up.

5.16 – According to IMO MSC/Cir. 645 of 1994 Section 3.2.4 (unless equivalent integrity of power
operation can be accepted according to section 3.1.3) when should bus-tie breakers be open?
( ) During Class 1 operations.
( ) During Class 2 Operations.
( ) During Class 3 Operations.
( ) During all DP Operations.

5.17 – DP Class 1 vessel?

( ) Requires only one bow and one stern thruster.
( ) May lose its position in the event of a single failure.
( ) Requires two independent Position Reference System – PRS.
( ) All of the above.

5.18 –When two or more Azimuth Thrusters are fitted to a vessel, why may ‘Prohibited Azimuth Zones’ be
programmed into DP Control?
( ) To prevent interference with taut wire.
( ) To prevent interference with a Doppler Log Transducer.
( ) To prevent Azimuth Thrusters from interfering with each other.
( ) To prevent interference with an Echo Sounder transducer.
 DP REFRESHER

5.19 – Multiple Azimuth Thrusters are fitted in close proximity to each other on a DP vessel. The DPO can
select a function to prevent the exhaust wash from one Thruster affecting another, this function is called?
( ) Kalman Filter Mode.
( ) Push Pull Mode.
( ) Low Gain Mode.
( ) Prohibited Azimuth Zone / Barred Zone / Exclusion Zone.

5.20 – Tunnel Thruster may be came ineffective?

( ) When the vessel is working in changing tidal conditions.
( ) Where the vessel is working in deep water.
( ) At vessel speeds above 3 knots.
( ) In calm weather conditions.

5.21 – The Thrusters in a DP vessel may be came ineffective?

( ) When the vessel is operating at a deep draught.
( ) When another vessel is operating in very close proximity.
( ) During periods of slack water, when the tide is turning.
( ) When the vessel is operating an ROV.

5.22 – A vessel is fitted with three tunnel thrusters at the bow as part of the DP capability. The effectiveness
of these units may be adversely affected by?
( ) Operating at deep draught.
( ) Sand and mud in the water.
( ) The proximity of nearby platform structure.
( ) Rough seas causing heavy pitching.

5.23 – An Azimuth thruster is a?

( ) Controllable Pitch Tunnel Thruster.
( ) Type of thruster used in conjunction with a rudder.
( ) Thruster giving 360 degrees directional control.
( ) Fixed Pitch Tunnel Thruster.
 DP REFRESHER

5.24 – How does a Controllable Pitch Propeller work?

( ) RPM constant, propeller blades change ‘angle of attack’ on the hub and direction of rotation reversed to
go astern.
( ) RPM varies from zero to 100 percent, propeller blades fixed and direction of rotation reversed to go
astern.
( ) RPM constant, propeller blades change ‘angle of attack’ on the hub and direction of rotation constant.
( ) RPM varies from zero to 100 percent, propeller blades fixed and direction of rotation constant.