Sec 1

Final Revision Algebra

1) Equation of 2𝑛𝑑 degree:
a) General form : 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 ∶ 𝑎 , 𝑏, 𝑐 are constants , 𝑎 ≠ 0
b) We can solve equation of 2𝑛𝑑 degree in one variable by :
−𝑏±√𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐
1) Factorization 2) by general formula 𝑥 = 2𝑎

Example: 1
Find the S.S of the following :
1) 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 = 10 2) 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 = 7

2) If : 𝑥 = 𝐿 one of the root of 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 then

a) 𝑥 = 𝐿 satisfy the equation → 𝑎𝐿2 + 𝑏𝐿 + 𝑐 = 0
b) (𝑥 − 𝐿) one of the two factor of 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
Example: 2
𝟏
a) If: 𝒙 = 𝟐 one of two roots of 𝒂𝒙𝟐 − 𝟕𝒙 + 𝟐 = 𝟎 find:
1) The value of 𝑎 2) The other root
b) If −𝟐, 𝟑 are roots of 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃 = 𝟎 Find the value of a ,b
3)
1) To determine the type of two roots of equation of 2𝑛𝑑 degree
Find value of discriminant 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
a) 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0 → 2 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 , 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡
b) 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0 → 2 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 , 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙
c) 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0 → 2 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 → 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑥 , 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑔𝑎𝑡𝑒

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2) If the discriminant is perfect square , (𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ) ∈ 𝑄
Then the two roots are rational
Example: 3
Find:
1) The type of two roots of: 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5 = 0
2) The value of K, Which make the two roots of the equation:
1
𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 2 + = 0 are equals
𝑘

3) The value of m , If the two roots of the equation: 𝑚2 𝑥 2 + (2𝑚 − 2)𝑥 + 1 = 0

are complex
4) The relation between two roots of equation , coefficients
for → 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
−𝑏
a) Sum of two roots = 𝑎
𝑐
b) The product of two roots =
𝑎

Example: 4
The equation: 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟑 = 𝟎
1) The Sum of the two roots = ……….
2) The product of the two roots = ………..

5)
a) If each of two roots additive inverse to the other → 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑏 = 0
vice versa
b) If each of two roots multiplicative inverse to the other →
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑎 = 𝑐 vice versa
−𝑏
c) If 𝑐 = 0 → then one of the two roots = 0 , other = 𝑎

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Example: 5
In the equation: (𝒌 − 𝟒)𝒙𝟐 − (𝟑 − 𝒌)𝒙 − 𝟑 = 𝟎
Find the value of 𝒌 which make:
1) The two roots each of them is additive inverse to the other
2) The two roots each of them is multiplicative inverse to the other
3) The sum of the two roots equal 5

6) How to form the quadratic equations :

→ 𝑥 2 − (𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠)𝑥 + (𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠) = 0
→ 𝑥 2 − (𝐿 + 𝑀)𝑥 + 𝐿𝑀 = 0
Example: 6
Form the quadratic equation in which:
1) It’s two roots are 2 + √5 , 2 − √5
2) It’s two roots are 2 + 3𝑖 , 2 − 3𝑖

7)
▪ 𝐿2 + 𝑀2 = (𝐿 + 𝑀)2 − 2𝐿𝑀
▪ (𝐿 − 𝑀)2 = (𝐿 + 𝑀)2 − 4𝐿𝑀
▪ 𝐿3 + 𝑀3 = (𝐿 + 𝑀 )((𝐿 + 𝑀)2 − 3𝐿𝑀 )
± √𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐 𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐
▪ 𝐿−𝑀 = , (𝐿 − 𝑀 )2 =
𝑎 𝑎2

▪ The quadratic equation which it’s coefficients real numbers , one

of two roots 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑖 , the other root is it’s conjugate

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Example: 7
1) If: 𝐿 , 𝑀 are two rational numbers , prove that the two roots of the equation:
𝐿𝑥 2 + (𝐿 − 𝑀)𝑥 − 𝑀 = 0 are rational
2) If: (1 + 𝑖) one of two roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑎 = 0 find the value
of 𝑎 and the other root
3) If: the product of the two roots of 2𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 + 3𝑘 = 0 equals to the sum of
the two roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − (𝑘 + 4)𝑥 = 0 find the value of 𝑘
4) If the two roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − 2𝑘𝑥 + 7𝑘 − 6𝑥 + 9 = 0 are equal , find
the value of 𝑘
5) Find the condition which satisfy one of the two roots of 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
equal half the other root
−3
6) If the sum of the two roots of the equation 2𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 − 5 = 0 is find the
2
value of 𝑏
7) If 𝐿 , 𝑀 are the two roots of the equation 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 = 0 find the value of
each of the following:
1 1 𝐿 𝑀
a) + b) 𝐿 − 𝑀 c) + d) 𝐿3 +𝑀3
𝐿 𝑀 𝑀 𝐿

8) If 𝐿 , 𝑀 are two roots of the equation 𝑥 (2𝑥 + 3) = 5 find the quadratic

equation whose two roots are 𝐿 + 1 , 𝑀 + 1
8) Form the quadratic equation each of it’s two roots equal square the
corresponding root of 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 5 = 0
2 2
9) If , are two roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 4 = 0 find the equation
𝐿 𝑀
whose two roots are 𝐿 + 𝑀 , 𝐿𝑀
10) If the roots of the equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 the ratio between them 2: 3
prove that 25𝐴𝐶 = 6𝑏 2
12) If the difference between two roots of the equation : 6𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 1 = 𝑐
11
is find the value of 𝑐
6

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8) Investigate the sign of function :
a) Constant function : 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝐶 , 𝐶 ∈ 𝑅∗ the same sign of 𝐶 ∀ 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅
b) b : linear function : 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑏𝑥 + 𝐶 , 𝑏 ≠ 0
𝑐
o 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 0 , 𝑥 = −
𝑏
𝑐 𝑐
o 𝑓 (𝑥 ) has the same sign of b , 𝑥 > − → 𝑥 ∈ ] − , ∞[
𝑏 𝑏
𝑐 𝑐
o 𝑓 (𝑥 ) has opposite sign of b , 𝑥 < − → 𝑥 ∈ ] − ∞, − [
𝑏 𝑏
c) Quadratic function : 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 , 𝑎 ≠ 0
2

If L , M are two roots , L < M

→ 𝑓 = 0 ∀ 𝑥 ∈ {𝐿, 𝑀}
→ f is the same sign of a , 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 − [𝐿, 𝑀]
→ f is opposite sign of a , 𝑥 ∈ ] 𝐿, 𝑀 [
Example: 8
Investigate the sign of the function
4
1) 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 2) 𝑓(𝑥 ) = −3
7

3) 𝑓(𝑥 ) = −2𝑥 + 5 (represent on the number line)

4) 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 8 (represent on the number line)
5) 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 6𝑥 − 9 − 𝑥 2 (represent on the number line)
6) 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 (represent on the number line)

9) Solve the inequality from 2𝑛𝑑 degree in one variable

o Investigate the sign of function which connected by inequality
then determine the intervals which satisfy the inequality

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Example: 9
Find S.S to the following inequalities in ℝ
1) 3 − 2𝑥 ≥ 𝑥 2
2) (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 4) < 0
3) 𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 16 > 0
4) (𝑥 − 2)2 ≥ −9

10) Complex number :

a) 𝑖 2 = −1 , 𝑖 = √−1 imaginary number
b) 𝑖 1 = 𝑖 , 𝑖 2 = −1 , 𝑖 3 = −𝑖 , 𝑖 4 = 1
c) The complex number 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑖 , 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑅 where : a is real part ,
b is imaginary part
d) 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑖 , 𝑎 − 𝑏𝑖 → differ in sign of imaginary number are two
conjugate
• 𝑠𝑢𝑚 = 2𝑎 → ∈ 𝑅 • 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ∈ 𝑅
Example: 10
a) Find the value of each of the following:
1) √−9 2) √−5 3) 𝑖 7
4) 𝑖 4𝑛+2 5) 𝑖101 6) 𝑖 −7
1
7)
𝑖5

b) Find the value of 𝒙 , 𝒚 if:

(2𝑥 − 3) + (3𝑦 + 1)𝑖 = 7 + 10𝑖
c) Find the result in the simplest form:
1) √−18 × √−12 = ………..
2) (3 − 4𝑖)(2 + 3𝑖) = ………… 3) (1 + 𝑖)10 = …………..

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3+4𝑖 1+𝑖+2𝑖 2 +2𝑖 3
4) = ………. 5) = ……….
5−2𝑖 1−5𝑖+3𝑖 2 −3𝑖 3

6) If the two roots of the equation 𝑚2 𝑥 2 + (2𝑚 − 2)𝑥 + 1 = 0 are complex

find the value of 𝑚

Example:11
1) Find the value of 𝑎 , 𝑏 which satisfy the equation:(𝑎 + 3) − (𝑏 − 1)𝑖 = 7 − 9𝑖
4−2𝑖
2) If 𝑥 = 3 + 2𝑖 , 𝑦 = , find 𝑥 + 𝑦
1−𝑖

3) Find the value of M , if one of the two roots of the equation 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 𝑀 = 0

is
twice the other root
4) Find value of 𝑘 which make one of roots of 𝑥 2 − 𝑘𝑥 + 3 = 0 exceed than
multiplicative inverse to the other by 1
5) Draw curve of the function 𝑓: 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 6 − 5𝑥 − 4𝑥 2 in [−3 , 2] , from graph
determine the sign of the function in this interval
6) If 𝐿 + 1 , 𝑀 + 1 are two roots of𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 3 = 0 , find the equation by two
roots 𝐿 , 𝑀

Example: 12
Complete:
1) The sign of the function 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 + 4 is ………….
2) The simplest form for imaginary number 𝑖 73 is …………
3) If the two roots of equation: 4𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 are equal , then 𝑐 = ……….
4) The quadratic equation whose two roots 1 + 𝑖 , 1 − 𝑖 is …….
5) The sign of the function: 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 6 − 2𝑥 is positive where 𝑥 ∈ ………….
6) If 𝑥 = −1 one of the two roots of equation 𝑥 2 − 𝑎𝑥 − 2 = 0 , then 𝑎 = ………

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7) If one of the two roots of equation (𝑘 − 1)𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 2 = 0 , is multiplicative
inverse to the other , then 𝑘 = ………..
8) The two roots of the equation 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 are different real numbers at
𝑐 ∈ …………
9) If one of the two roots of equation: 𝑥 2 − (𝑎 + 2)𝑥 + 3 = 0 , is additive
inverse to the other , 𝑎 = ………..
10) The solution set of the equation: 𝑥 2 + 9 < 0 , in ℝ is ………
11) The simplest form of (1 + 𝑖)10 is ……….
12) The solution set of the equation (𝑥 − 3) = (𝑥 − 3)2 in ℝ is………..
13) The solution set of the inequality: 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 4 ≤ 0 in ℝ is………….
14) Function 𝑓: 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 𝑐 is positive when 𝑐 ∈ …….
15) Quadratic equation which coefficients are real numbers , one of the two
roots 3 − 2𝑖 is ……………
16) The sum of the two roots of the equation: 𝑥 2 − (3𝑘 − 1)𝑥 + 3𝑘 = 0 is 5 ,
then there product is ………..
17) If 𝐿 , 𝑀 are the two roots of the equation: 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 5 = 0 , then 𝐿2 + 𝑀2

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