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(Small Scale Model) Automatic Garbage Sorting Machine Design (Small-Scale Model)

This document outlines the design specifications for a small-scale automatic garbage sorting machine, detailing its frame, conveyor belt system, sorting mechanism, sensor placement, and collection bins. The machine is designed to efficiently sort waste into three categories: plastic, metal, and organic, using various sensors and actuators. It also includes control systems and simulation software for analysis and validation of the design.

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victormulu9073
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33 views5 pages

(Small Scale Model) Automatic Garbage Sorting Machine Design (Small-Scale Model)

This document outlines the design specifications for a small-scale automatic garbage sorting machine, detailing its frame, conveyor belt system, sorting mechanism, sensor placement, and collection bins. The machine is designed to efficiently sort waste into three categories: plastic, metal, and organic, using various sensors and actuators. It also includes control systems and simulation software for analysis and validation of the design.

Uploaded by

victormulu9073
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Automatic Garbage Sorting Machine Design (Small-Scale Model)

1. Overview
This document details the design specifications, measurements, and component selection for a
small-scale automatic garbage sorting machine prototype. The design includes a conveyor belt
system, sensors, sorting mechanism, and collection bins, with mechanical and electronic
components integrated into a compact frame.

2. Frame & Structure


● Material: Aluminum (lightweight, rust-resistant)

● Dimensions:

○ Length: 800 mm

(Reason: Provides enough space for a short conveyor belt, sensor placement, and a
basic sorting mechanism without being too large for a desktop or small lab setup.)

○ Width: 400 mm

(Reason: Offers sufficient width for the conveyor belt and side-mounted components
like motors and potentially small control boxes.)

○ Height: 500 mm

(Reason: Allows vertical space for the conveyor belt incline (if any), sorting mechanisms
positioned above the belt, and collection bins underneath.)

● Purpose: Houses all components including conveyor belt, sensors, actuators, and bins.

3. Conveyor Belt System


● Belt Material: PVC (easy to clean, cost-effective)
● Belt Dimensions:

○ Width: 300 mm (Reason: Wide enough to carry small pieces of waste


individually and allow for sensor scanning and sorting, but not so wide as
to make the overall machine bulky.)
○ Length: 700 mm (Reason: Needs to be longer than the frame to wrap
around the rollers and provide a working section within the frame.)
○ Thickness: 3 mm

● Roller Diameter: 40 mm (Reason: Small enough to maintain a compact design but


large enough to provide good belt traction and prevent excessive bending of the
belt.)
● Motor: 12V DC motor with speed controller

○ Speed: ~0.1 m/s

○ RPM: 60-100

Mounting dimensions will depend on the specific motor chosen, but plan for a mounting
plate of around 50 mm x 50 mm. (Reason: Provides controlled movement of the belt.
Geared motors offer higher torque at lower speeds, suitable for moving waste.)

● Motor Shaft Diameter: Specify based on the motor chosen (e.g., 6 mm or 8 mm)
for coupling with the roller.
● Speed Controller: Compact electronic speed controller compatible with the
chosen DC motor. Plan for a small enclosure (e.g., 50 mm x 40 mm x 25 mm) for
mounting. (Reason: Allows for adjusting the belt speed for optimal sorting.)
● Belt Tensioning Mechanism: Simple sliding mounts for one of the rollers with
adjustment screws (e.g., M4 or M5 screws with a travel of about 20 mm).
(Reason: Necessary to keep the belt taut and prevent slipping.)

● Function: Moves waste items along the belt for scanning and sorting

4. Sorting Mechanism
● Type: Pneumatic flippers or servo-controlled arms

● Actuator Details:

○ Stroke Length: 100 mm

○ Force: ~10N
○ Quantity: 2-3 units

● Purpose: Pushes items off the conveyor belt into designated bins

5. Sensor Placement
● Sensor Types:

○ IR Sensor: Object detection

○ Color Sensor (TCS34725): Material identification

○ Inductive Proximity Sensor: Metal detection

● Mounting Details:

○ Height: 100 mm above the belt

○ Spacing: Every 200 mm along the belt

● Function: Detects and identifies waste type before sorting

6. Collection Bins
● Number of Bins: 3 (plastic, metal, organic)

● Bin Dimensions:

○ Length: 250 mm

○ Width: 300 mm

○ Height: 300 mm

● Function: Stores sorted waste materials

7. Control Box & Wiring


● Controller: Arduino Uno or Raspberry Pi
● Box Size: 150 mm x 100 mm x 70 mm

● Power Supply: 12V adapter

● Purpose: Controls sensors, motors, and actuators

8. Simulation Software & Analysis


● CAD Tools: SolidWorks, Fusion 360, AutoCAD,Inventor

● Simulations:

○ Motion analysis (belt and actuators)

○ Stress test on frame (material strength)

○ Sensor placement and detection validation

9. Diagrams
The sizes are subject to change

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