NAME: Tushar Singh PRN No: ADT24MGTM0993

DIV: C CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)

SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q1Write a PHP program to find the sum of digits of a given number.

<?php
function sumOfDigits($number) {
$sum = 0;
$number = abs($number); while ($number > 0) {
$digit = $number % 10;
$sum += $digit;
$number = (int)($number / 10);
} return

$sum;

$number = 12345;
echo "The sum of digits of $number is: " . sumOfDigits($number); ?
>

Output:-
 NAME:Tushar Singh PRN No: ADT24MGTM0993
DIV: C CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II
(DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q2. Write a PHP script to remove duplicate elements from an array.

Program:-
<?php

$originalArray = array(1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 1, 6);

$uniqueArray = array_unique($originalArray);
$uniqueArray =
array_values($uniqueArray); echo "Original
Array: "; print_r($originalArray); echo
"Array after removing duplicates: ";
print_r($uniqueArray);
?>

Output:-
 NAME:Tushar Singh PRN No: ADT24MGTM0993
DIV: C CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II
(DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Write a PHP program to sort an array in ascending order without using built-
in functions.

Program:-
<?php
function bubbleSortAscending(&$array) {
$n = count($array); for ($i = 0; $i
< $n - 1; $i++) { for ($j = 0; $j <
$n - $i - 1; $j++)
{ if ($array[$j] > $array[$j +
1]) {
// Swap the elements
$temp = $array[$j];
$array[$j] = $array[$j + 1];
$array[$j + 1] = $temp;
}

$numbers = array(5, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6);

echo "Original Array: ";
print_r($numbers);
bubbleSortAscending($numbers);
echo "Sorted Array (Ascending):
"; print_r($numbers);
?>
 NAME:Tushar Singh PRN No: ADT24MGTM0993
DIV: C CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II
(DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Output:-

Q4. Write a PHP script to merge two arrays and sort them.

Program:-
<?php
$array1 = array(3, 1, 7);
$array2 = array(4, 2, 6);
$mergedArray = array_merge($array1, $array2);
sort($mergedArray); // This is a built-in function for
sorting print_r($array1); echo "Array 2: ";
print_r($array2); echo "Merged and Sorted Array: ";
print_r($mergedArray);
?>

Output:-
 NAME:Tushar Singh PRN No: ADT24MGTM0993
DIV: C CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II
(DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Write a PHP program to check if an array contains a specific value.

Program:-
<?php

$fruits = array("apple", "banana", "orange", "grape");

$searchValue = "orange";

if (in_array($searchValue, $fruits)) {
echo "The value '$searchValue' exists in the array.";
} else { echo "The value '$searchValue' does NOT exist in the
array.";
}

?>

Output:-
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q6. Write a PHP script to find the second largest number in an

array.
Program:-
<?php function
findSecondLargest($array) {
$largest = $secondLargest = null; foreach
($array as $num) { if ($largest === null ||
$num > $largest) {
$secondLargest = $largest;
$largest = $num;
} elseif ($num != $largest && ($secondLargest === null || $num > $secondLargest))
{ $secondLargest = $num;
} }

return $secondLargest;
}

$numbers = array(4, 7, 2, 9, 5, 9, 1);

$secondLargest = findSecondLargest($numbers);
if ($secondLargest !== null) {
echo "The second largest number is: $secondLargest";
} else { echo "Second largest number not found (array may have all identical values or fewer
than 2
elements).";
}
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q7. Write

?>

Output:-

a PHP program to check if a number is an Armstrong number.

Program:-
<?php
function isArmstrong($number) {
$numStr = strval($number);
$numDigits = strlen($numStr);
$sum = 0;
$temp = $number;
while ($temp > 0) {
$digit = $temp % 10;
$sum += pow($digit, $numDigits);
$temp = (int)($temp / 10);
}
return $sum === $number;
}

$number = 153; if
(isArmstrong($number)) {
echo "$number is an Armstrong number.";
} else { echo "$number is NOT an Armstrong
number.";
}
?>
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q8. Write

Output:-

script to convert a string to uppercase without using built-in functions.

Program:-
<?php function
toUppercase($str) {
$uppercaseStr = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++) {
$char = $str[$i];
$ascii = ord($char);
if ($ascii >= 97 && $ascii <= 122) {

$uppercaseStr .= chr($ascii - 32);

} else {
$uppercaseStr .= $char;
}

return $uppercaseStr;
}
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q9. Write

$input = "Hello World!"; echo

"Original String: $input\n";
echo "Uppercase String: " . toUppercase($input);
?>

Output:-
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q10. Write a PHP script to

check if a given number is even or odd.

Program:-
<?php
function checkEvenOrOdd($number)
{ if ($number % 2 == 0)
{ echo "$number is Even.";
} else { echo "$number is
Odd.";
}

$number = 7;
checkEvenOrOdd($number);
?>

Output:-
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q11. Write a PHP script to

Program:-
<?php

program to find the largest of three numbers.

Progra
m:- <?php

function findLargest($a, $b, $c) {

if ($a >= $b && $a >= $c) {
return $a;
} elseif ($b >= $a && $b >= $c)
{ return $b;
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q12. Write a PHP script to

Program:-
<?php

} else
{ return $c;
}

$num1 = 45;
$num2 = 78;
$num3 = 23;
$largest = findLargest($num1, $num2, $num3); echo "The
largest of $num1, $num2, and $num3 is: $largest";
?>

Output:-
check if a given string is a palindrome.
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q13. Write a PHP script to

Program:-
<?php

function isPalindrome($string) {
$cleaned = strtolower(str_replace(' ', '', $string));
$reversed = '';
for ($i = strlen($cleaned) - 1; $i >= 0; $i--)
{ $reversed .= $cleaned[$i]; }
$cleaned === $reversed;}

$input = "Madam"; if
(isPalindrome($input)) {
echo "'$input' is a palindrome.";
} else { echo "'$input' is NOT a
palindrome.";
}
?>

Output:-
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q14. Write a PHP script to

Program:-
<?php
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q15. Write a PHP

Program:-

program to count the number of words in a string.

<?php function
countWords($string) {
$trimmed = trim($string);

($trimmed === '')

{ return 0;
}

$words = explode(' ', $trimmed);

$words = array_filter($words, function($word)
{ return $word !== '';});
return count($words);}
$input = " Hello world, this is a PHP script. ";
echo "Input String: \"$input\"\n"; echo "Word
Count: " . countWords($input);
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q16. Write a PHP script to

Program:-
<?php

?>

Output:-
reverse a string without using built-in functions.

function reverseString($string) {
$reversed = '';
$length = strlen($string); for ($i =
$length - 1; $i >= 0; $i--)
{ $reversed .= $string[$i];
}

return $reversed;
}
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q17. Write a PHP script to

Program:-
<?php

$input = "Hello, PHP!"; echo "Original String:

$input\n"; echo "Reversed String: " .
reverseString($input);
?>

Output:-

calculate the factorial of a number using recursion.

<?php function
factorial($n) { // Base
case if ($n <= 1)
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q18. Write a PHP script to

Program:-
<?php

{ return 1;
} return $n * factorial($n - 1);
}

$number = 5; echo "The factorial of $number is: " .

factorial($number);
?>

Output:-
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q19. Write a PHP

Program:-
<?php

program to check whether a number is prime or not.

function isPrime($number) {
if ($number <= 1) {
return false;
}

($i = 2; $i <= sqrt($number); $i++)

{ if ($number % $i == 0)
{ return false;
}}
return
true;
}

$number = 17; if
(isPrime($number)) {
echo "$number is a prime number.";
} else { echo "$number is NOT a prime
number.";
}
?>
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q20. Write a PHP script

Program:-
<?php

Output:-

Q16. print the Fibonacci series up to a given number.

function printFibonacciUpTo($limit) {
$a = 0;
$b = 1; echo "Fibonacci series up to
$limit:\n";
while ($a <= $limit) {
echo $a . " ";
$next = $a + $b;
$a = $b;
$b = $next;
}

$limit = 100;
printFibonacciUpTo($limit);
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q21. Write a PHP script

Program:-
<?php

?>

Output:-

to check whether a year is a leap year.

function isLeapYear($year) {
if (($year % 4 == 0 && $year % 100 != 0) || ($year % 400 == 0)) {
return true;
} else
{ return
false;
}} $year = 2024; if

(isLeapYear($year)) {

echo "$year is a leap year.";

 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q22. Write a PHP script

Program:-
<?php

} else { echo "$year is NOT a leap

year.";
}

?>

Output:-

Q18. implement a simple calculator using switch case.

function calculator($num1, $num2, $operator)

{ switch ($operator) { case '+':
return $num1 + $num2;
case '-':
return $num1 -
$num2; case '*': case 'x':
case 'X': return $num1 *
$num2; case '/':
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q23. Write a PHP script

Program:-
<?php

if ($num2 == 0) {
return "Error: Division by zero!";

} return $num1 / $num2;

default:
return "Invalid operator!";
} }

$num1 = 10;
$num2 = 5;
$operator = '*';
$result = calculator($num1, $num2, $operator);
echo "Result: $num1 $operator $num2 = $result";
?>
NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Output:-
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Q19. Write a PHP count the occurrences of a specific word in a string.

Program:-
<?php
function countWordOccurrences($string, $word) {
$string = strtolower($string);
$word = strtolower($word);
$words = explode(' ', $string);
$count = 0; foreach
($words as $w) {
// Remove punctuation (optional)
$cleaned = preg_replace('/[^a-z0-9]/', '',
$w); if ($cleaned === $word) { $count++;
} } return
$count;
}
$text = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. The dog was not amused.";
$targetWord = "the";
echo "The word '$targetWord' appears " . countWordOccurrences($text, $targetWord) . "
time(s).";
?>
 NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Output:-

Q20. Write a PHP script to reverse a number.

Program:-
<?php
function reverseNumber($number) {
$reversed = 0;
$isNegative = $number < 0;
$number = abs($number);

while ($number > 0) {

$digit = $number % 10;
$reversed = ($reversed * 10) + $digit;
$number = (int)($number / 10);
}

return $isNegative ? -$reversed : $reversed;

}

$num = 12345; echo "Original

number: $num\n";

echo "Reversed number: " . reverseNumber($num); ?

>
NAME: Manthan Surkar PRN No: ADT24MGTM0946
DIV: B CLASS: MCA-I Sem-II (DS)
SUBJECT: Web Technologies DATE: 19/03/2025

Output:-