Scribd
Upload
9 views2 pages

Encapsulation and Decapsulation OSI Model

The document explains the processes of encapsulation and decapsulation within the OSI model's seven layers, detailing how data is prepared for transmission and extracted at each layer. It describes the transformation of data through various formats, including signals, frames, packets, segments, and application-specific data. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of these processes for effective communication across networks.

Uploaded by

prismeiko.ph
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views2 pages

Encapsulation and Decapsulation OSI Model

The document explains the processes of encapsulation and decapsulation within the OSI model's seven layers, detailing how data is prepared for transmission and extracted at each layer. It describes the transformation of data through various formats, including signals, frames, packets, segments, and application-specific data. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of these processes for effective communication across networks.

Uploaded by

prismeiko.ph
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Encapsulation and Decapsulation in the OSI Model

The OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model is a conceptual framework used to


understand and implement network protocols in seven layers. Encapsulation and
decapsulation are critical processes within this model, enabling effective communication
between devices. Below is a detailed explanation of how these processes occur layer by
layer.

1. Physical Layer
Encapsulation: Data is converted into electrical, optical, or radio signals suitable for
transmission over physical media.
Decapsulation: Received signals are converted back into bits for processing by the Data Link
Layer.

2. Data Link Layer


Encapsulation: Frames are created by adding MAC (Media Access Control) headers and
trailers to the data. These headers include the source and destination MAC addresses.
Decapsulation: The frame is received, and the MAC headers and trailers are removed to
extract the data for the Network Layer.

3. Network Layer
Encapsulation: Packets are formed by adding IP (Internet Protocol) headers, including
source and destination IP addresses.
Decapsulation: The packet's IP headers are removed, and the data is forwarded to the
Transport Layer.

4. Transport Layer
Encapsulation: Segments are created by adding transport layer headers (e.g., TCP or UDP)
that include port numbers for the source and destination.
Decapsulation: The transport headers are removed, and the data is sent to the Session
Layer.

5. Session Layer
Encapsulation: Adds session-specific information to establish, manage, or terminate a
session.
Decapsulation: Session-related information is removed, and the data is passed to the
Presentation Layer.

6. Presentation Layer
Encapsulation: Data is formatted, encrypted, or compressed to ensure proper
representation and transmission.
Decapsulation: Data is decrypted, decompressed, or reformatted to its original state.
7. Application Layer
Encapsulation: Application-specific data is prepared for transmission, including adding any
application-level protocol headers (e.g., HTTP, FTP).
Decapsulation: Application-level headers are removed, and the original user data is
delivered to the receiving application.

Conclusion
Encapsulation ensures that data is properly packaged for transmission, while decapsulation
ensures that the data is correctly extracted and interpreted by the receiving device. These
processes facilitate seamless communication across networks, adhering to the OSI model's
layered structure.

You might also like