Coordination
Chemistry
1
Cl-
1. Mono dentate ligand: Cl-, CN-, H2O
2. bi dentate ligand: ethylene di amine
3. poly dentate ligand: EDTA (ethylene di amine
tetra acetic acid)
2
3
4
Section2
CuSO4.5H2O +(NH4)2SO4 CuSO4(NH4)2SO4
-Add 1gm (NH4)2SO4 +4ml dis hot H2O in
beaker (1)
-In another beaker(2) add 2gm CuSO4.5H2O
+6ml dis hot H2O
-put 1 on 2 leave the mixture cool
-filtration the mixture and wash wit ETOH
or MEOH
5
CuSO4.5H2O+NH4OH [CuSO4(NH3)4SO4]
H2O +H2O
-Add 2.5gm CuSO4.5H2O+10ml dis hot H2O
in beaker
-leave the beaker cool and add 10ml
NH4OH, a blue color appears
-add 10ml methanol a deep blue ppt result
-filtration the mixture and wash wit ETOH
or EOH
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CuSO4.5H2O+2K2C2O4.H2O K2SO4 +5H2O
K2[Cu(C2O4)2]2H2O
-Add 2gm CuSO4.5H2O+10ml dis hot H2O in
beaker(1)
-In another beaker(2) add 3.1gm
K2C2O4.H2O+15ml dis hot H2O
-put 1 on 2 leave the mixture cool
-filtration the mixture and wash wit ETOH
or MEOH
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1)prep. tris-oxalate chromium
(III)
K2Cr2O7+7H2C2O4.2H2O+2K2Cr2O4.H2O
6CO2+2K3[Cr(C2O4)3].3H2O+6CO2+17H2O
-add10gm of oxalic acid+3.6gm of
K2Cr2O7+20ml H2O in beaker
-boiling for 15min then add 4.2gm sodium
oxalate and heat for 5min
-after Cooling at room temp add 10ml
ETOH and put in ice bath and filter it
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2)prep. hexa (urea)chromium
(III)chloride
CCl3+6NH2-CO-NH2 [Cr(NH2-CO-
NH2)6Cl3
-add 3.9gm urea+6ml H2O in beaker (1)
-In another beaker (2) add 2.7gm CrCl3+4ml
H2O +2drop HCl (3M)
-add 1 to 2
-heat in water bath to a minimum amount
of water
-add ice or 2drop of water to cool
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3)prep. potassium hexa
thiocyanate chromate (III)
-add 3gm of Cr (SO4) +12H2O+6ml dis H2O
in beaker (1)
-In another beaker (2) add 2.5gm of KSCN
+4ml dis H2O
-add 1 to2 put in water bath and evaporate
-red crystal will formed wash with ethanol
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Section4
Types of Complexometric
Titration
Direct back
In this case, the metal ion is In certain circumstances a
titrated with a standard particular metal ion cannot be
solution of EDTA. The titrated directly. This includes
solution containing the situations where:
metal ion is buffered to an
The metal ion precipitates in the
appropriate pH at which the
stability constant of the absence of EDTA.
metal-EDTA complex is The metal ion reacts too slowly
large. The free indicator has with EDTA.
a different colour from that
The metal ion forms an inert
of the metal-indicator
complex.
complex.
No suitable indicator is available.
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In these cases a back titration is
required. This involves addition of
a known excess of EDTA to the
metal ion (buffered to an
appropriate pH). Then, the excess
EDT A is titrated with a standard
solution of a different metal ion.
The choice of a second metal ion
is important as it must not
displace the analyte metal ion
from its EDTA complex
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Displacement Indirect
For metal ions that do not have With a little clever thought
a good indicator a second EDTA can be used as a titrant
titration method is the for anions like SO4-2 BaSO4 is
displacement titration. Here insoluble to one way to
the analyte is treated with an determine SO4-2 is to
excess of a second metal precipitate with Ba+2 , filter
bound to EDTA. The analyte ion and wash the ppt, then boil in
displaces the second metal excess EDTA to complex all
from the EDTA complex, and the Ba. Back titrate to
then the second metal is determine how much Ba+2
titrated with EDTA. A typical you had, and that, in turn,
displacement titration involves tells you how much SO4-2 you
Hg as the analyte and Mg EDTA had.
at the displacement titrant.
13
Prepare a Standard EDTA
Solution
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) has many
scientific and medical uses. At the chemical level, it
forms coordination compounds with metal ions, thus
inactivating them. Biochemists use EDTA to inactivate
enzymes, and inorganic chemists use it as a chemical
buffer. Doctors use it to treat lead and calcium poisoning.
It can also be used as preservative in processed foods and
cosmetic products. Creating an EDTA solution can be
tricky because it doesn't dissolve well at a pH of 7--the
neutral pH of water. A strong base must be used in
conjunction with water to create the solution.
Fill your large beaker to the 900mil liter (mL) mark with
deionized water.
Use your balance to measure 186.1 g of EDTA and add it
to the water in the beaker. Begin stirring the solution with
the magnetic stirrer when you add the EDTA.
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Section5
15
16
We need: -
1.EDTA
2.Patton-Reeder indicator triturate
3.hydroxide solution
4.Dilute hydrochloric acid solution: (1-2
mol L−1)
5.Dilute sodium hydroxide solution: (1-
2 mol L−1)
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Titration:
For undiluted seawater, undiluted milk,
eggshell and limestone samples.
1. Pipette a 10 mL aliquot of the sample
solution into a conical flask.
2. Add 40 mL of distilled water and 4 mL
of 8 mol L−1 sodium hydroxide solution
(see safety notes), and allow solution to
stand for about 5 minutes with
occasional swirling. A small of
magnesium hydroxide may precipitate
during this time. Do not add the
indicator until you have given this
precipitate a chance to form.
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3. Add 0.1 g of Patton-Reeder indicator
and swirl the solution to dissolve the
indicator.
4. Titrate the sample with the EDTA
solution. The endpoint is a color change
from pink/red to blue. Repeat the
titration with further samples until
concordant results (titres agreeing
within 0.1 mL) are obtained.
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