1.

Single Window Handling

package windowHandle;

public class SingleWindowHandle extends BaseTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

BaseTest.setup();
driver.get("https://www.amazon.in");

// Get the current window handle

String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();
System.out.println("Main Window Handle: " + mainWindow);

// Verify the page title

String pageTitle = driver.getTitle();
System.out.println("Page Title: " + pageTitle);

BaseTest.tearDown();

2. MultiPle Window Handling

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Set;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class MultipleWindowHandle extends BaseTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

BaseTest.setup();

try {

// Navigate to the website

driver.get("https://demoqa.com/browser-windows");

// Store the main window handle

String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();
 // Locate the button
WebElement windowButton = driver.findElement(By.id("windowButton"));

// Wait for the button to be clickable

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(windowButton));

// Scroll to the button to ensure it's in view

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", windowButton);

// Click the button using JavaScript to bypass interception

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].click();", windowButton);

// Wait for the new window to appear

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.numberOfWindowsToBe(2));

// Get all window handles

Set<String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();

// Switch to the new window

for (String window : allWindows) {
if (!window.equals(mainWindow)) {
driver.switchTo().window(window);
System.out.println("Switched to new window: " + window);

// Verify content in the new window

WebElement newWindowText = driver.findElement(By.id("sampleHeading"));
System.out.println("New Window Text: " + newWindowText.getText());
}
}

// Switch back to main window

driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);

System.out.println("Back to main window: " + driver.getTitle());

} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());

BaseTest.tearDown();

}
 3. Closing Windows
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Set;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class ClosingWindow extends BaseTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

BaseTest.setup();
try {
// Navigate to the website
driver.get("https://demoqa.com/browser-windows");

// Store the main window handle

String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();

// Locate the button

WebElement windowButton = driver.findElement(By.id("windowButton"));

// Wait for the button to be clickable and open two new windows
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));

// First click to open a new window

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(windowButton));

((JavascriptExecutor)
driver).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", windowButton);

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].click();",
windowButton);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.numberOfWindowsToBe(2));

// Second click to open another new window

driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);

// Ensure we're back in the main window

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(windowButton));
((JavascriptExecutor)
driver).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", windowButton);

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].click();",
windowButton);

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.numberOfWindowsToBe(3));
 // Get all window handles
Set<String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();

// Close all windows except the main window

for (String window : allWindows) {
if (!window.equals(mainWindow)) {
driver.switchTo().window(window);
System.out.println("Closing window: " + window);
driver.close();
}
}

// Switch back to main window

driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);
System.out.println("Main window title: " + driver.getTitle());

} catch (Exception e) {
System.err.println("An error occurred: " + e.getMessage());
}
BaseTest.tearDown();

4. Switching Back to the Main Window

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Set;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class SwitchBackMainWindow extends BaseTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

BaseTest.setup();

driver.get("https://demoqa.com/browser-windows");

// Store the main window handle

String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();

//Locate the element

WebElement windowButton=driver.findElement(By.id("windowButton"));

WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(windowButton));
 // Scroll to the button to ensure it's in view
((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", windowButton);

// Click the button using JavaScript to bypass interception

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].click();", windowButton);

// Switch to the new window

Set<String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();

for (String window : allWindows) {

if (!window.equals(mainWindow)) {
driver.switchTo().window(window);
System.out.println("New window text: " + driver.findElement(By.id("sampleHeading")).getText());
}

// Switch back to the main window

driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);

System.out.println("Back to main window: " + driver.getTitle());

BaseTest.tearDown();

5. Handling Tab as Windows

import java.util.Set;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

public class HandlingTabAsWindows extends BaseTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

BaseTest.setup();

driver.get("https://www.amazon.in");

// Store the main window handle

String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();

// Open a link in a new tab using CONTROL + RETURN

WebElement link = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("a[href*='deals']"));

Thread.sleep(2000);

link.sendKeys(Keys.CONTROL, Keys.RETURN);
 // Get all window handles (tabs are treated as windows)
Set<String> allHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();

// Switch to the new tab

for (String handle : allHandles) {
if (!handle.equals(mainWindow)) {
driver.switchTo().window(handle);
System.out.println("Switched to new tab: " + driver.getTitle());
}

// Switch back to the main tab

driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);

System.out.println("Back to main tab: " + driver.getTitle());

BaseTest.tearDown();

6. Handling Pop-up Windows

import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Set;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;

public class HandlingPopUpWindows extends BaseTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

BaseTest.setup();

driver.get("https://demoqa.com/browser-windows");

// Store the main window handle

String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();

//Locate the element

WebElement windowButton=driver.findElement(By.id("windowButton"));
 WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(windowButton));

// Scroll to the button to ensure it's in view

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", windowButton);

// Click the button using JavaScript to bypass interception

((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("arguments[0].click();", windowButton);

// Switch to the pop-up window

Set<String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();

for (String window : allWindows) {

if (!window.equals(mainWindow)) {
driver.switchTo().window(window);
System.out.println("Pop-up window text: " + driver.findElement(By.id("sampleHeading")).getText());
driver.close(); // Close the pop-up
}

// Switch back to the main window

driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);

System.out.println("Main window title: " + driver.getTitle());

BaseTest.tearDown();

7. Waiting For New Windows

public class WaitForWindowExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WindowHandlingExamples.setup();
driver.get("https://demoqa.com/browser-windows");

// Store the main window handle

String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();

// Click button to open a new window

driver.findElement(By.id("windowButton")).click();
 // Wait for the new window to appear
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.numberOfWindowsToBe(2));

// Switch to the new window

Set<String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();
for (String window : allWindows) {
if (!window.equals(mainWindow)) {
driver.switchTo().window(window);
System.out.println("New window text: " + driver.findElement(By.id("sampleHeading")).getText());
}
}

// Switch back to the main window

driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);
System.out.println("Main window title: " + driver.getTitle());

WindowHandlingExamples.tearDown();
}
}

8. Handling Alerts in Windows

public class AlertHandlingExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WindowHandlingExamples.setup();
driver.get("https://demoqa.com/alerts");

// Click button to trigger an alert

driver.findElement(By.id("alertButton")).click();

// Switch to the alert and accept it

driver.switchTo().alert().accept();
System.out.println("Alert accepted");

// Verify the window is still active

System.out.println("Current window title: " + driver.getTitle());

WindowHandlingExamples.tearDown();
}
}