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Ex - 8 - Allignment Test On Lathe Machine

The document outlines Experiment No. 10, which focuses on performing alignment tests on machine tools to ensure their accuracy and quality. It details the objectives, measuring instruments, test procedures, and specific tests for lathe machines, milling machines, and radial drilling machines. The tests include checking the quality of slide ways, spindle accuracy, and alignment between various machine components.

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25 views6 pages

Ex - 8 - Allignment Test On Lathe Machine

The document outlines Experiment No. 10, which focuses on performing alignment tests on machine tools to ensure their accuracy and quality. It details the objectives, measuring instruments, test procedures, and specific tests for lathe machines, milling machines, and radial drilling machines. The tests include checking the quality of slide ways, spindle accuracy, and alignment between various machine components.

Uploaded by

Rudra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No.

10
Aim: - To perform alignment tests on machine tools.
Objective:-
(1) Understanding of the basic machine tools alignment.
(2) Performance of alignment tests on machine tools.

1. Introduction:
The surface components produced by machining processes are mostly by generation. As a
result, the quality of surface produced depends upon the accuracy of the various
movements of the machine tool concerned. It therefore becomes important to know the
capability of the machine tool by evaluating the accuracy of the various mechanisms that
are directly responsible for generating the surface. For that a large variety of tests have
been designed.

2. Measuring instruments used for testing:


The accuracy of the machine tools employed should be higher than the accuracy of the
components that it produces. Similarly the quality of the measuring equipment used for
machine tool testing should be commensurate with the quality expected from such testing. A
few commonly used equipments are

Dial Indicators
Test mandrels
Straight edges
Spirit levels

3. Test procedures:
The major tests that are conducted on machine tool are:
Testing the quality of the slide ways and the locating surfaces
Testing the accuracy of the main spindle and its alignment with respect to other parts of the
machine tool.
Testing the accuracy of the parts produced by the machine tool.

4. Acceptance tests:

1. LATHEMACHINE

Tests that can be conducted on Lathe machine:

1. Qualityofslideways: To test the quality of the slide ways it is necessary to mount the
dial indicator on a good datum surface. Then the plunger is moved along the longitudinal
direction of the slide ways which provides an indication of the undulations present on the
surface of the slide ways.
2. Accuracy of the spindle:

These tests are related to the true running of the spindle and the centre located in the
spindle along with the alignment, parallelism and perpendicularity of the spindle with the
other axes of the concerned machine tool.

True running of the centre:


The live centre may be loaded into the lathe spindle and a dial indicator mounted as
shown in fig. This test is required only for machines where the work piece is held between
centres. The readings of the dial indicator are taken while rotating the spindle through full
rotation.

Fig. 1 True running of the centre

True running of the spindle:


The taper shank of the test mandrel of about 300 mm length is mounted into the spindle as
shown in fig. The plunger of the dial indicator rests on the cylindrical surface of the
mandrel. The spindle is rotated slowly and the readings of the dial indicator are noted. The
deviation should normally be less than 0.01mm. The test is to be repeated with the dial
indicator positioned close to the spindle bore as well as at the extreme end of the test
mandrel.

Fig. 2 True running of the spindle


Squreness of the face:
This test is used to measure the squreness of the shoulder face with reference to the spindle
axis. The plunger of the dial indicator rests on the extreme radial position of the shoulder
face and the reading is taken. It is repeated by slowly rotating the spindle till the dial
indicator comes to a point that is diametrically opposite to the reading taken earlier.

3. Alignment tests
Parallelism and perpendicularity:
Parallelism and perpendicularity between two axes or two surfaces is normally measured
in two planes, horizontal and vertical. For this purpose the test mandrel is mounted in the
spindle as shown in fig. with dial indicator mounted on the saddle or carriage. The
plunger of the dial indicator touches the mandrel surface as shown in fig. the saddle is
moved for a specified distance and the dial reading noted. The test is repeated in the
horizontal direction as well.
Fig 3. Test set up for parallelism between spindle axis and sideways of lathe.

Parallelism between the outside diameter of the tail stock sleeve and the slide ways as shown in
fig.4

Fig. 4 Test set up for parallelism of the tail stock sleeve


Parrallelism of the line of centres
Test for the parallelism between line of centres in lathe machine is shown in fig 5

Fig. 5 Test set up for parallelism of the line of centres in a lathe.

2. MILLING MACHINE:

The following tests can be conducted:


1. True running of the spindle:
Fig. 6. Test set up for true running of the spindle of a milling machine.

Spindle alignment:
In this test dial indicator is mounted on one of the surfaces whose alignment is to be
tested with another surface. In case of a horizontal milling machine the testing of the
alignment between the spindle and the over arm support can be done as shown in fig.7.

Fig. 7 Test for spindle alignment.

The dial indicator is mounted on the spindle while a test mandrel is mounted in the over
arm support with the plunger of the dial indicator resting on the cylindrical surface of the
test mandrel. The spindle is rotated and readings are taken when it is at different positions
on the periphery of the test mandrel. The test may be conducted at two extreme ends of the
mandrel.

Parallelism between the table and the spindle axis


A test mandrel 300mm long is mounted in the spindle axis and the dial indicator is mounted
on the table as shown in fig. 8. The reading of the dial indicator is taken at the two
extreme positions without the table movement.
Fig. 8 Test set up for parallelism between table and spindle axis in a horizontal milling machine.

Other tests that can be conducted are:

Parallelism between the spindle axis and the transverse movement of the table.

Perpendicularity between the spindle and the vertical column ways

3. RADIAL DRILLING MACHINE:

Tests that can be conducted on Drilling Machine are:

1. True running of the spindle

Fig. 9. Test set up for true running of the spindle of a radial drilling machine.
2. Perpendicularity between the spindle and the base plate.

Fig. 10 Perpendicularity between the spindle and the base plate.


3. Perpendicularity between the feed movement and the base plate.

Fig. 11 Perpendicularity between the feed movement and the base plate.

Answer the following questions.


1. Name the alignment tests required to be carried out on a milling machine.

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