Tarea No.

3A “Second Conditional & Third Conditional”

Vea los siguientes videos de apoyo:
https://youtube.com/watch?v=61Oou-WbGfQ
https://youtube.com/watch?v=PAHBHVycKVU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UO2op3sVQ5E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwOCqtaZDrk
En su cuaderno (debidamente forrado e identificado), entregue escrito a mano el presente
contenido y los ejercicios con Second & Third Conditional. Fecha de entrega el 18OCT2024 en
horario de clase. Habrá evaluación corta del tema.

SECOND CONDITIONAL
The second conditional uses the past simple after if,
then 'would' and the infinitive:

if + past simple, ...would + infinitive

(We can use 'were' instead of 'was' with 'I' and 'he/she/it'. This is mostly done in formal writing).
It has two uses.

First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm
imagining some dream for example.

If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.(I probably won't win the lottery)

If I met the King of England, I would say hello.

She would travel all over the world if she were rich.

She would pass the exam if she ever studied.(She never studies, so this won't happen)

Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present which is impossible, because it's not
true. Is that clear? Have a look at the examples:

If I had his number, I would call him.

(I don't have his number now, so it's impossible for me to call him).

If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.

HOW IS THIS DIFFERENT FROM THE FIRST CONDITIONAL?

This kind of conditional sentence is different from the first conditional because this is a lot more
unlikely.

For example (second conditional): If I had enough money I would buy a house with twenty bedrooms
and a swimming pool (I'm probably not going to have this much money, it's just a dream, not very
real)

But (first conditional): If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes (It's much more likely that I'll
have enough money to buy some shoes)

SECOND CONDITIONAL
For unreal possibility
If I won the lottery, I would buy a car.
The second conditional is like the first conditional. We are still thinking about the future. We are
thinking about a particular condition in the future, and the result of this condition. But there is not a
real possibility that this condition will happen. For example, you do not have a lottery ticket. Is it
possible to win? No! No lottery ticket, no win! But maybe you will buy a lottery ticket in the future. So
you can think about winning in the future, like a dream. It's not very real, but it's still possible.

if condition result

Past Simple would + base verb

If I won the lottery, I would buy a car.

Notice that we are thinking about a future condition. We use the Past Simple tense to talk about the
future condition. We use would + base verb to talk about the future result. The important thing about
the second conditional is that there is an unreal possibility that the condition will happen.
Look at these example sentences:

if condition result

Past Simple would + base verb

If I married Mary, I would be happy.

If Ram became rich, she would marry him.

If it snowed next July, would you be surprised?

If it snowed next July, what would you do?

result If condition

would + base verb Past Simple

I would be happy If I married Mary.

She would marry Ram If he became rich.

Would you be surprised If it snowed next July?

What would you do If it snowed next July?

Sometimes, we use should, could or might instead of would, for example: If I won a million dollars,
I could stop working.

EXERCISE 1
Complete the following second conditional sentences with the verbs in brackets in the correct form.
Use would/’d or would not/wouldn’t/’d not + verb in the main clauses.

1) If John was here, he ________________ (know) what to do.

2) I wouldn't work here if I ___________________ (not enjoy) my job.

3) It's too bad that you don't speak French. If you ________________ (speak) French, you

______________________ (get) the job at the hotel.

4) If he ___________________ (know) the truth, he ________________________ (kill) you.

5) Where would you travel if you ____________________ (be) rich?

6) I'm sorry, I can't go out. I'd go out if I ___________________ (not have) this terrible headache.

7) I _____________________ (not have) a cat if I _____________________ (not like) animals.

8) If I _________________ (learn) Japanese, I ________________ (try) to find a job in Japan.

9) If he _________________ (be) a nice person, he ________________ (not treat) people so badly.

10) I __________________ (not go) to that hotel if I ________________ (be) you.

EXERCISE 2
Make the second conditional using the verbs in brackets.

0) If I _____were____ (be) you, I _______would get______ (get) a new job.

1) If I _______________ (be) you, I _____________________ (get) a new job.

2) If he _____________ (be) younger, he ___________________ more.

3) If we ___________________ (not/be) friends, I ___________________ (be) angry with you.

4) If I _______________ (have) enough money, I _____________________ (buy) a big house.

5) If she ___________________ (not/be) always so late, she _________________ (be) promoted.

6) If we ________________ (win) the lottery, we ______________ (travel) the world.

7) If you __________________ (have) a better job, we _____________ (be) able to buy a new car.

8) If I ______________ (speak) perfect English, I __________________ (have) a good job.

9) If we _______________ (live) in Brazil, I ____________________ (speak) Portuguese.

10) If she ________________ (pass) the exam, she ______________ (be) able to enter university.

11) She ______________(be) happier if she _______________ (have) more friends.

12) We ___________________ (buy) a house if we _______________ (decide) to stay here.

13) They _______________ (have) more money if they ____________ (not/buy) so many clothes.

14) We _____________________ (come) to dinner if we __________________ (have) time.

15) She ______________________ (call) him if she ___________________ (have) his number.

16) They ____________________ (go) to Spain on holiday if they ___________ (like) hot weather.

17) She ________________________ (pass) the exam if she __________________ (study) more.

18) I ______________________ (marry) someone famous if I _______________ (be) a movie star

19) We _______________________ (not/be) late again if we ________________ (buy) a new car.

20) You ___________________________ (lose) weight if you __________________ (eat) less.

 THIRD CONDITIONAL

We make the third conditional by using the past perfect after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past
participle in the second part of the sentence:

if + past perfect, ...would + have + past participle

It talks about the past. It's used to describe a situation

that didn't happen, and to imagine the result of this
situation.

If she had studied, she would have passed the exam

(but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't pass)

If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick

(but I did eat a lot, and so I did feel sick).

If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane

She wouldn't have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier

She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university

He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine.

THIRD CONDITIONAL

We use the third conditional (if + past perfect, would + have + past participle)
to talk about something in the past that did not happen.

How is the third conditional different from the other conditionals?

This is the way we imagine how things could have been different in the past. If
something had been different, something else would have happened. Notice that
both the condition and the result are impossible now.

If I’d known, I would have worn something nicer.

In this case, Amy didn’t know about the party so she didn’t wear special clothes.

OK, so the bit after if is different to what really happened?

Yes, then the next clause is imagining the result in the past, which didn’t happen, of course.
The “if clause” can be at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.

I definitely would’ve remembered if you’d told me!

So Alfie didn’t remember because Ollie didn’t tell him.

We can use negatives to talk about things that did happen in the past.

He wouldn’t have missed the bus if he hadn’t overslept.

So he overslept and he missed the bus.
When you’re using this kind of conditional be careful with the contractions. We use 'd for would and
had.

If I’d seen him, I’d have asked him to come over. (had, would)

Can you use other verbs apart from would?

Yes, we also use could or might.

If they’d told me, I might have been able to help.

These sentences all seem a bit negative.

We often use the third conditional to express regret or to complain about something.

It would’ve been even better if Alfie hadn’t ruined it!

If I’d known about the third conditional before, I wouldn’t have failed my English test!

EXERCISE 3
Complete the sentences using the third conditional.

1. He didn't get the job. He couldn't buy a bigger flat.

If he'd got the job, _______________ a bigger flat.

2. You didn't say you were sorry. She left.

She wouldn't have left if _______________ you were sorry.

3. You didn't tell us earlier. We didn't do anything.

We could have done something _______________ us earlier.

4. You stopped quickly. We didn't crash.

If you hadn't stopped quickly, _______________ crashed.

5. You didn't listen to me. This happened.

This never would have happened if you _______________ to me.

6. You didn't apply for the job. You didn't get an interview.
You might _______________ if you'd applied for the job.

7. I went to the party. You persuaded me to go.

I wouldn't have _______________ me to go.

8. I didn't know she was coming. I didn’t wait for her.

I would _______________ if I'd known she was coming.

EXERCISE 4
Match the two sentence halves and write a–g next to the numbers 1–7.

1…….. I wouldn't have overslept a. if you'd asked.

2…….. If she had gone to bed earlier, b. you wouldn't have been so stressed at the last minute.

3…….. I could have lent you the money c. she wouldn't have been so tired.

4…….. They wouldn’t have found out d. if you had studied medicine.

5…….. You could have been a doctor e. if my alarm clock had gone off.

6…….. If you'd been more organized, f. they wouldn't have had so many problems.

7…….. If they’d taken my advice, g. if you hadn't told them.

EXERCISE 5
Choose the correct answer using one of the two options in the brackets.

1. If it ___________________ (would have not rained / had not rained),

we ____________________ (would have not / had not) stayed at home.

2. ________________________ (had you forgiven / would you have forgiven) him

if he _____________________ (would have told / had told) you the truth?

3. If you _____________________ (would have driven / had driven) slower,

the petrol ____________________ (had lasted / would have lasted) longer.

4. If Lucas _______________________ (hadn’t liked / wouldn’t have liked) the surprise,

Laura _____________________ (had been / would have been) very upset.

5. My son ___________________ (had finished / would have finished) University this year,
if _____________________ (would have not failed / had not failed) failed two subjects.

6. If I ________________ (had known / would have known) you were coming tonight,
I _____________ (had prepared / would have prepared) a nice dinner.

7. I ______________________ (had gone / would have gone)

if you _________________ (would have told / had told) me to.

8. If they _________________ (would have known / had known) about my birthday,

do you think they __________________ (had come / would have come)?

9. If I __________________ (would have enough / had enough) money,

I ____________________ (would have bought / had out) the land.

10. If I __________________ (had not overslept / would have not overslept) last night,
I _________________ (had not missed / would have not missed) the train.

“Education is what remains after one has forgotten everything he learned in school.”
Albert Einstein