PSCMR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

MEAN STACK UNIT - 2

JAVASCRIPT
BY
Mrs. MD. BUSHRA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARATMENT OF CSE-DATA SCIENCE
 INTRODUCTION TO JAVASCRIPT:
JavaScript is a programming language used for creating dynamic, interactive web pages and web applications. It is a
client-side scripting language, which means it runs on the user's web browser rather than on the server. JavaScript is
commonly used for adding functionality to web pages such as form validation, creating animations, and making web
pages more interactive.
It is also used for developing web applications, including single-page applications (SPAs), which allow users to interact
with web pages without having to reload the entire page.
JavaScript was first released in 1995 by Netscape Communications Corporation and has since become one of the most
widely used programming languages on the web. It is often used alongside HTML and CSS, which are used for creating
the structure and style of web pages, respectively.
JavaScript has evolved significantly over the years, with new features and updates being added to the language on a
regular basis. Some of the most popular frameworks and libraries built on top of JavaScript include React, Angular, and
Vue.js.
 WHY WE NEED JAVASCRIPT:
JavaScript is an essential component of modern web development, and there are several reasons why we
need it:
1. Dynamic Interactivity: JavaScript allows web developers to create interactive and dynamic web pages
that respond to user actions without needing to reload the entire page. This makes for a more engaging
and user-friendly experience.
2. Form Validation: JavaScript can be used to validate user input on web forms before it is submitted to the
server. This helps to ensure that the data submitted is accurate and meets certain criteria.
3. Client-side Processing: JavaScript allows web developers to perform calculations, manipulate data, and
perform other operations on the client-side. This reduces the load on the server and improves the overall
performance of web applications.
4. Cross-browser Compatibility: JavaScript is supported by all major web browsers, which means that web
developers can write code once and have it run on multiple platforms without the need for additional
code.
5. Integration with other technologies: JavaScript can be used in conjunction with other web technologies
such as HTML, CSS, and AJAX to create powerful and sophisticated web applications
 WHAT IS JAVASCRIPT:
JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted programming language used to create interactive and
dynamic effects on web pages. It is one of the three core technologies used for building web pages, along
with HTML and CSS. JavaScript is often used for front-end development, which involves creating the user
interface and user experience of a website or web application.
It is also used for back-end development, which involves processing data and performing other server-
side operations. JavaScript code is executed by a web browser, allowing it to interact with the Document
Object Model (DOM) of a web page.
This allows developers to dynamically modify the content of a web page based on user input, change the
style and layout of page elements, and perform other interactive functions.

ENVIRONMENT SETUP:
Setting up a development environment for JavaScript involves installing the necessary software and tools
on your computer. Here are the basic steps to set up a development environment for JavaScript:
1. Install a text editor: You will need a text editor to write your JavaScript code. Some popular text editors
include Sublime Text, Atom, and Visual Studio Code.
2. Install a web browser: You will need a web browser to test and debug your JavaScript code. Google
Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Microsoft Edge are popular choices
3. Install Node.js: Node.js is a JavaScript runtime environment that allows you to run JavaScript code outside of a
web browser. It includes a package manager called npm that you can use to install libraries and frameworks.
You can download and install Node.js from the official website.
4. Install a version control system: A version control system, such as Git, allows you to keep track of changes to
your code and collaborate with others. Git is a popular choice, and you can download it from the official website.
5. Install a JavaScript framework or library: Depending on your project requirements, you may need to install a
JavaScript framework or library. Some popular choices include React, Angular, Vue.js, and jQuery. You can use
npm to install these libraries and frameworks.
Setting up the JavaScript Environment
In this section, you will set up your work environment: install Node.js on your system, install Nuxeo JavaScript
Client and prepare a folder on your system in which you will save your JavaScript files.
1. Install Node.js. The minimum required version is v6.5.0.
2. If you previously installed Node.js, you can check your version with the following command:
3.
4. $ node --version
 WORKING WITH IDENTIFIERS
Identifiers are names that you give to variables, functions, objects, and other elements in your JavaScript
code. They are used to identify and refer to these elements in your code. Here are some rules and conventions
for working with identifiers in JavaScript:
1. Naming Conventions: It is a common convention in JavaScript to use camelCase when naming identifiers. This
means that the first word is lowercase, and subsequent words start with an uppercase letter (e.g. firstName,
myVariable, calculateTotal).
2. Keywords: You cannot use JavaScript keywords as identifiers. Keywords are reserved words that have special
meanings in the language (e.g. if, else, while, for).
3. Special Characters: Identifiers can only contain letters, numbers, underscores, and dollar signs. They cannot
contain spaces or other special characters.
4. Case Sensitivity: JavaScript is case sensitive, so myVariable and myvariable are considered different identifiers.
5. Meaningful Names: It is important to use meaningful names for your identifiers to make your code easier to
understand and maintain. For example, instead of using a generic name like x for a variable, use a more
descriptive name like totalPrice.
6. Scope: Identifiers are only visible within the scope in which they are defined. For example, a variable defined
inside a function is only visible within that function.
 TYPE OF IDENTIFIERS
In JavaScript, there are several types of identifiers that are used to name variables, functions, objects, and other
elements in your code. Here are some common types of identifiers:
1. Variables: Variables are used to store data values in JavaScript. They are declared using the "var", "let", or
"const" keywords, followed by the identifier name.
For example: var firstName = "John"; let age = 30; const PI = 3.14;
2. Functions: Functions are used to perform actions and return values in JavaScript. They are declared using the
"function" keyword, followed by the identifier name and a set of parentheses.
For example: function calculateSum(a, b) { return a + b; }
3. Objects: Objects are used to group related data and functions in JavaScript. They are declared using curly
braces, with key-value pairs separated by colons.
For example: var person = { firstName: "John", lastName: "Doe", age: 30, getFullName: function() { return
this.firstName + " " + this.lastName; } };
4. Classes: Classes are a new feature in JavaScript that allow you to create objects using a template. They are
declared using the "class" keyword, followed by the identifier name.
For example: class Person { constructor(firstName, lastName) { this.firstName = firstName; this.lastName =
lastName; } getFullName() { return this.firstName + " " + this.lastName; } }