Chapter

Probability
Exercise No. (1)
Multiple choice questions with ONE correct ansver : 6. Let 'A' and 'B' be two events such that PA) =0.70,
(Questions No. 1-25 )
P(B) =.0.40 and P(AoB) =0.5, then AUB
1. Let A, B,C bepair-wise independent events, where
is equal to: .
P(AnBnC)= 0and P(C) >0,then is (a) 0.20 (b)0.25
(c) 0.40 (d)0.895
equal to :
7. Three numbers are chosen at random without
(a) P(A) +P(B) (b) P(A)-P(B) replaçement from {1,,2 ,3,.., 10).Probabilitythat the
minimum of thechosen number is 3or their maximum is
(0) P(A)- P(B) (aj P(A)-P(B) 7, is given b÷:
2. If three identical dice are rolled, then probability (a) 3/10 (b) 11/40
that the same number appears on cach of them is : (c) 11/50 (d) 27/40
(a) (b) 8. If a, b, c, de {0, 1l}, then the probabilitythat system
36
of equations qx + by = 2; cx t dy = 4 is having
unique solution is given by :
(c) (d)
28 18 5 3
(a) 8
(b)
3. If A, B,C are three mutually independent events ,
(c) 1
where P(AUBUC)= 3P(ÁUB^C)= 2 and

9. For a student to qualify, he must pass at least two out

of the three exams. The probability that he will pass
P(AnC) = P(An BnC) = then P(AncoB)
1
is.equal to : the first exam is ,ifhe fails in one of the examsthen

(6)
6 the probability of his passing in the next exam is
4
1 otherwise it remains the same. The probability that
(d) 24 student will pass the exam is:
4
4. An unbiased die is thrown and thë nuinber shown on (a) (b)
the die is put for p' in the equation x+ px+ 2 = 0,
probability of the equation to have real roots is :
(c)
4 4

10. Let eight players R,P,}, R be paired

randomly in each round for a knock-out toumament. If
the player P wins if i>j, then the probability that
5. Minimum number of times a fair coin must be tossed player P. reaches the final round is :
so that the probabil ity of getting at least one head is at 2 8
Jeast 0.95 is (a (b)
35 35

(a) 4 (b) 5
10
(d) 7 (c) (d) none of these
(c) 6 17

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 Probability
11. Let John appears in thc cxams of
and mathematics and his respectivephysics , chemistry 16. Let 'A'and 'B' be two independent events. The
passing the exams is p, c and m. If Johnprobability of 1
has
chance of passing in at least one of the three 80%, probability that both A and B happen is and the
12
55% chance of passingin at lcast two exams
exams , and 35% 1
chance of passing in exactly two of the exams , then probability that neither A nor B happen is , then
ptc+ m is equal to : 2
(a)31 (b)l 8
{3P(4)-4P(B)} may be
20 31 7
(a) l or 0 (b)or 0
17 12
(c) 45
20 (d) 7
32
(c) Oor (d) 12
or l
12
12. Let one hundred identical coins, cach
p' of showing up head are tossed once. with probability
If 0 <p.<1 17. An urn contains 2 white and 2 black balls , a ballis
and the probability that head turns up on 50 drawn at random , ifit is whiteit is not replaced into the
equal to the probability that head turns up on 51coins is
coins, urn , otherwise it is dropped along with one another
then the value of p' is: ball of samecolor. The process isrepeated, probability
50 49
that the third drawn ball is black,is:
(a) (b)
101 IO1 31 41
(a) (b) 60
60
51 52
(c) (d)
101 101 29
(c) 30 (d) none of these
13. In a set of four bulbs it is known that
exactly two of
them are defective. If the bulbs are tested one by one 18. An experiment has ten equally likely
in random order till both the Let A and B be two outcomes.
defective bulbs are non-empty events of the
identified, then the probability that only two testsare experiment. If A consists of 4 outcomes , then
needed is given by: number of outcom es that B must have so that
Aand Bare independent ,is:
(a)
6 (b) (a) 2,4 or 8 (b) 3,6 or 9
2
(c) 4 or 8 (d) S or 10
(c) (d) 19. A fair die is tossed repeatedly until a six is
3
'k' denotes the number of tosses obtained ;if
required , then the
14. Let 3fåces of an unbiased die are red ,2 faces are conditional probability that k' is not less than six
yellow and 1 face is green. If the die is tossed three when it is given that '* is greater than 3, is equal to :
times,then the probabilitythat the colors red, yellow 5
125
(a) (b)
and green appear in the first. , second and the third 36: . .
216
tosses respetively is :
25

(a) (6)
(c) 36 (d) 25
216
18 36
20. AbOx contain 15 coins, 8
7 ofwhich are fair and the rest
(C
36 ( are biased. The probability of getting a
head on fair
coin and biased coin is and 2 respectively. If a
15. Let one Indian and four American men and their wi ves 3
are to be seated randomly around a circular table. If coinis drawn randomly from the box and
,first time it shows head and the tossed twice
each American man is seated adjacent to his wife,then second time
the probability that Indian man is also seated adjacent tail, then the probability that the coin drawn isit shows
to his wife is given by : given by: fair , is
1
(a) 9
8 (b)
16
(c) 3
(c) (d)
8
16

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 21. Aperson goes to office either by car , scooter , bus or Multiple choice questions with MORE than ONE
correct answer : (Questions No. 26-30 )
1 3 2 1
train probability of which being ,77 and
respectively. Probability that he reaches office late, if 26. For two events A and B , if
2 1 4 1
he takes car,scooter, bus or train is - and
P(A) =P = ,thenthe correct statements are :
4
respectively. Ifit is given that he reached office in time
then the probability that he travelled by car is : 3
(a) P(AnB)=8 (b) P(AUB) =
2
(b)

()7: 27. Let A,B,C be three independent events,

3P(A) =2P(B) =4P(C) =1, then:
where

22. Let 'K be the integral values of x for which the inequ
ation x²-9x+ 18<0 holds. Ifthreefair dice are rolled (a) probability of occurrence of exactly2of the three
together , then the probability that the sum of the events is
1
numbers appearing on the dice is K, is given by : 4

(a)1 (b)
5 () probability of occurrence of at least one of the
216 24 3
three events is
4
31
(d) (c) probability of occurrence of all the three events
216

is
23. Let set 'S' contains allthe matrices of 3×3 order in
which all the entries are either 0 or 1. If a matrix i_. (d)probability of occurrence of exactly one of the
selected randomly from set 'S' and it is found thát it
contains exactly five of the entries as 1 , then the three events is
24
probability that the matrixis symmetric , is given by:
28. Let a bag contain 15 balis in which the balls can
(a)
63
(b 3
256 128 have either black colour or white colour. If B_ is
the event that bag contains exactly n black balls
(c)
2
(d S12
7 and its probability is proportional to n', and E
21 is the event of getting a black ball when a ball
is drawn randomly from the bag, then:
24. Let two positive real numbers.'z' and y' are chosen

fandomly, where xe<o,1} and ye[0, 1. The prob n=0

ability that x +y sl, given that x² +y' 2 , is :

4
(b) P(É) =24
31

8+1 I-8
(a) 16+1 (b)
n-16 376

4- 1 I+2
(c) (d) 5
8+1 16-1

25. Let a natural number N' be selected at random from 29. Let the events 'A' and 'B'be mutually exclusive and
the set of firsthundred natural numbers. The probability exhaustive in nature, then :
225 (a) P(4) <P(B)
that N+ is not greater than 30 is given by:
(b) P(ÃnB) =0
(a) 0.01 (b) 0.05 (c) P(4UB) = P(4) + P(B)
(c) 0.25 (d) 0.025 () P(AUB) =1- P()P(B)
| 39 )
 Probability
dependent events
30. There are four boxes B,, B, , B, and B,. Box B, contain 32. Statement 1: Let 4' and 'B' be two
i cards and on each card a distinct number is printed, least value of
the printed number varies from 1 to i for box B,. If
and if {P(AU B)}' = P(B), then
a box is selected randomly, then probability of occ
P(AUE) is 2sin| Z
10,
urrence of box B, is given by and if a card is
because
drawn randomly from it then E, represents the event
of occurrence of number ion the card, then : Statement 2 :
P( where P(B) + 0
2
(a) value of P(E)) is
33. Statement 1 : In a binomial probability distribution
one
(b) inverse probability B(n, p=1/4),if the probability of at least
be
3 success is not less than 0.90, then value of n'. can
log, 12
(c) conditional probability is zerO
B,
because
Statement 2 : In the given binomial probability
(d) value of P(E,) is
distribution n'is greater than or equal to log 10

Assertion Reasoning questions : 34. Statement 1:Let 4and B be any two events of a
(Questions No. 31-35 )
4
random experimient, where P(A) =and P(B) =3
Following questions are assertion and reasoning type
questions. Each of these questions contains two
statements, Statement 1(Assertion) and Statement 2 then the value of P(An B) lies in
(Reason). Each of these questions has four alternative
answers , only one of them is the correct answer. because
Select the correct answer from the given options:
Statenment 2 : For any two events A and B
(a) Both Statement 1and Statement 2 are true and
Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement 1. max{P(4), P(B)} s P(AU B) S1 and
(b) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are true P(An B)Smin{P(4), P(B)).
but Statement 2 is not the correct explanation of
Statement 1. 4
35. `tatement 1 : Let an ellipse of eccentricity be
(c) Statement 1is true but Statement 2 is false.
inscribed in a circle and a point within the circle be
(d) Statement l is false but Statement 2 is true. chosen randomly , then the probability that the point
raised with
31. Statement 1:Let anytwo digit number is lies outside the ellipse is
2

power 4K +2, where KeN, then the probability

that unit's place digit of the resultant number is natural because
multiple of 3 is 1/3 Statement 2: The area of an ellipse of eccentricity 'e'
because
with is given by ndl=e square units , where 'a'
Statement 2: If anytwo digit number is raised represents the radius of auxiliary circle of the ellipse.
place can
power 4K+ 2, Ke N, then digit at units
be 0,1,4,5,6,9.

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Exercise No 2
Comprehension based Multiple choice questions
with 0NE correct answer : S. If three balls are picked up at random from the bag
and all the balls are found to be of di fferent
Comprehension passage (1) colour, then the probability that bag contained
(Questions No. 1-3) 4 white balls, is :
For a biased coin , let the probabil ity of getting (a) 7
2 1
head be and that of tail be If A, denotes the 1
3 3
(a) 10
event of tossing the coin til: the difference. of
the number of heads and-tails become 'n",
then answer the following questions. 6. If three balls are picked up at random and found to
be one of each colour, then the probability that bag
1. If n = 2,then the probability that the experiment contained equal number of white and green balls is
ends with more number of heads than tails , is equal to :
equal to : 3
4 (a) 4 (b)0
(6)
(C)
7
25
(d
Comprelhension passage (3)
2. If it is given that the experiment cnds with a head (Questions No. 7-9)
for n=2, then the probability that the experiment
ends in minimum number ofthrows , is equal to: A fair die is tossed repeatedly until a six is obtained.
IfX denotethe number of tosses required, then answer
3 5 the following questions.
(a) (b) (c) (a)
9 8 9
7. The probabilitythat =3equals
3. If E is the event that the last two throws show
cither two consecutive heads or tails, then the 25 (by25
(a)
216 36
value of is equal to :
125
() .36 (d)
216
(a) 1
8. The probabilitythat X>3 equals
(d) 0 125 (b)2s
(a)
216 36

Comprehension passage (2) 25

(Questions No. 4-6 ) (d)
216
Consider a bag containing six different balls of three
different colours. Ifit is known that the colour of the
balls can be white , green or red, then answer the
9. The conditional probability that X 26 given X> 3
equals
following questions.
125 25
4. The probability that the bag contains 2 balls of each (a) (b)
216 216
colour is:

(c) (d)25
(a) 10 36 36

[41 ]
 Probability
Questions with Integral Answer: = 10nn
13. There are two parallel telephone lines of length known
(Questions No. 10-14) which are 3m apart as showin figure. It is
that there is a break in each of them, the location of
10. If the papers of 4students can be checked by any one the break being unknown, if the probability that
ofthe7 teachers.Ifthe probalbility that all the 4 papers the distance R' between the breaks is not larger
are checked by exactly 2 teachers is P, then the value 25
49P isequal to than Sm is p , thenP 1S .....
11. A bag contain 3 black and 3 white balls , from the l= 10m
bag John randomly pick three balls and then B2
drop 3 balls of red colour into the bag. If now
John randomly pick three balls from the bag 3m R
and the probability of getting all the three balls
100
of differentcolour is p,then-value o f Pis .......
B1

12. Let a cubical die has four blank faces, one face marked
with 2,another face marked with 3,if the die is rolled 14. Apersön while dialing a telephone number forgets the
laat threedigits of the number but remembers that exactly
and the probability of geting asum of 6in 3throws is two of them are same. He dials the number rahdomly ,
p, then value of 432
-p is equal to if the probability that he dialed the correct number is
13 P,then value of (1080P) is ........

Matrix Matching Questions:

(Questions No. 15-16 )

15. Consider a cube having the vertex points A, B, C,D,E,F, G,and H. If randaonly three corner points are selected
to form atriangle then match the following columns for the probability of the nature of triangle.
Column (I) Column ()
6
(a) Probability that the triangle is scalene (p)

4
b) Probability that the triangle is right-angled ()

(c) Probability that the triangle is isosceles with exactly () 7

two equal sides (s) 3

14

3
(d) Probability that the triangle is equailateral ()
7

| 42 ]
 smallest and the largest number appearing on
16. Five unbiased cubical dice are rolled simultaneously. Let m and n be the
in the column II corresponding to the events given in the
the upper faces of thedice , then match the probabilitiy given
column I:
Column () Column ()

(a) m=3

(b) n= 4 ()
6-G-G
(c) 2<ms4

(d) m=2 and n=5

43 ]
 Probability
ANSWERS Exercise No. (1)
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (b)
6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11.(a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (c)
16. (c) 17. (d) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (b)
21. (a) 22. (c) 23. (c). 24. (b) 25. (a)
26. (b,c ,d) 27.(a ,b, C, d) 28. (a, b,d) 29. (a,b, c) 30. (a, b,c)
31. (d) 32. (a) 33. (a) 34. (a) 35. (b)

ANSWERS Exercise No. 2)

1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (c)

6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (6)
11. (9) 12. (2 ) 13.(8) 14. (4 )
15. (a) ’t 16. (a) -’s
(b) ’p (b) ’ s
(C)’p (c)’!
(d)’r (d)’ q

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