UNITS AND MEASUREMENTS

9. Which of the two have same dimensions

VDPP–1 (a) Force and strain
Subtopics: Physical Quantities and Units; (b) Force and stress
Introduction to Dimensions (c) Angular velocity and frequency
(d) Energy and strain
10. A physical quantity is measured and its value is found
1. Wavelength of ray of light is 0.00006 m. It is equal to
to be nu where n  numerical value and u  unit.
(a) 6 micron (b) 60 micron Then which of the following relations is true
(c) 600 micron (d) 0.6 micron (a) n  u 2 (b) n  u
2. In C.G.S. system the magnitude of the force is
1
100 dyne. In another system where the fundamental (c) n  u (d) n 
u
physical quantities are kilogram, metre and minute, the
11. Match the following two columns
magnitude of the force is
Column I Column II
(a) 0.036 (b) 0.36
(A) Electrical resistance (p) ML3T 3 A2
(c) 3.6 (d) 36
3. The dimensional formula for impulse is (B) Electrical potential (q) ML2T 3 A2
(a) MLT 2 (b) MLT 1 (C) Specific resistance (r) ML2T 3 A1
(c) ML2T 1 (d) M 2 LT 1 (D) Specific conductance (s) None of these
4. The dimensions of universal gravitational constant are (a) A  q, B  s, C  r, D  p
(a) M 2 L2T 2 (b) M 1 L3T 2 (b) A  q, B  r, C  p, D  s
(c) ML T 1 2
(d) ML T 2 2
(c) A  p, B  q, C  s, D  r
5. Which of the following pairs of physical quantities (d) A  p, B  r, C  q, D  s
does not have same dimensional formula?
(a) Work and torque.
(b) Angular momentum and Planck’s constant. VDPP–2
(c) Tension and surface tension. Subtopics: Dimensional Analysis
(d) Impulse and linear momentum.
6. According to Newton, Gravitational force between two
masses m1 & m2, kept at a distance r from each other is a a  t2
1. The dimensions of in the equation P  ,
given by the formula: b bx
Gm1m2 where P is pressure, x is distance and t is time, are
F
r2 (a) MT 2 (b) M 2 LT 3
Here, G is the universal gravitational constant. 3 1
(c) ML T (d) LT 3
Find dimensions of G. 2. If x  at  bt 2 , where x is the distance travelled by the
(a)  ML3T 2  (b)  M 1 L3T 2  body in kilometre while t is the time in second, then
(c)  M 1 L2T 2  (d)  M 1 L2T 2  the units of b are
(a) km / s (b) km  s
Force
7. Pressure  Find dimensions of pressure. (c) km / s 2 (d) km  s 2
Area
3. If the dimensions of a physical quantity are given by
(a)  M 1 L1T 2  (b)  M 1 L1T 2 
M a LbT c , then the physical quantity will be
(c)  M 1 L1T 2  (d)  M 1 L1T 1  (a) Pressure if a  1, b  1, c  2
8. (Pressure × volume) has the same dimensions as that of (b) Velocity if a  1, b  0, c  1
______ (c) Acceleration if a  1, b  1, c  2
(a) Force (b) Kinetic Energy
(d) Force if a  0, b  1, c  2
(c) Momentum (d) Density

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4. The equation of state of some gases can be expressed 12. K.E.= Kinetic Energy, m = mass, a = acceleration,
 a   KE 
2
as  P  2  V  b   RT . Here P is the pressure, V Then,   has the same dimension as
 V   ma 
is the volume, T is the absolute temperature and (a) Time (b) Length
a, b, R are constants. The dimensions of ‘ a ’ are (c) Area (d) Velocity
13. A planet moves around the sun in nearly circular orbit.
(a) ML5T 2 (b) ML1T 2
Its period of revolution ‘T’ depends upon:
(c) M 0 L3T 0 (d) M 0 L6T 0
(i) Radius ‘r’ or orbit
5. The velocity v (in cm / sec ) of a particle is given in
(ii) Mass ‘M’ of the sun and
b (iii) The gravitational constant G
terms of time t (in sec) by the relation v  at  ;
t c Find relation between T and r.
the dimensions of a, b and c are
(a) T 2  r 3 (b) T  r 3
(a) a  L2 , b  T , c  LT 2 (c) T  r
3 2
(d) T  r
(b) a  LT 2 , b  LT , c  L 14. The velocity of water waves v may depend upon their
(c) a  LT 2 , b  L, c  T wavelength  , the density of water  and the
(d) a  L, b  LT , c  T 2 acceleration due to gravity g. The method of
6. The physical quantity which has dimensional formula dimensions gives the relation between these quantities
Energy as
as that of is
Mass  Length (a) v 2   g 1  1 (b) v 2  g 
(a) Force (b) Power (c) v 2  g  (d) v 2  g 1 3
(c) Pressure (d) Acceleration 15. The position of a particle at time t is given by the
7. A physical quantity X is defined by the formula v 
relation x(t )   0  1  e t  , where v0 is a constant
X 
IFv 2
where I is moment of inertia, F is force,  
WL3 and α > 0. The dimension of v0 and α are respectively
v is velocity, W is work and L is length, the (a) M 0 L1T 1 and T 1 (b) M 0 L1T 0 and T 1
dimensions of X are
(c) M 0 L1T 1 and LT 2 (d) M 0 L1T 1 and T
(a) MLT 2 (b) MT 2
2 3 16. Force F is given in terms of time t and distance x by F
(c) ML T (d) LT 1
A
8. If u1 and u2 are the units selected for the same quantity = A sin (Ct) + B cos (Dx). Then the dimensions of
B
in two systems of measurement and n1 and n2 are their
C
numerical values, then and are given by, respectively
D
(a) n1 u1 = n2 u2 (b) n1 u1 + n2 u2 = 0
(c) n1 u1 = u1 u2 (d) (n1 + u1) = (n2 + u2) (a)  MLT 2  ,  M 0 L0T 1 
9. The density of mercury is 13.6 g cm–3 in CGS system. (b)  MLT 2  ,  M 0 L1T 0 
Find its value in SI units
(c)  M 0 L0T 0  ,  M 0 L1T 1 
(a) 13.6  103 kgm 3 (b) 13.6  103 kgm 3
(d)  M 0 L1T 1  ,  M 0 L0T 0 
(c) 13.6kgm 3 (d) 13.6  106 kgm 3
17. The magnetic energy stored in an inductor is given by
10. Calorie is another unit of Energy.

1 cal = 4.2 J E  La I b . Find the value of a and b.
Find value of 4.2 cal in Joules. 2
(a) a = 1, b = 0 (b) a = – 2, b = 4
1
(a) 1 J (b) J (c) a = 1, b = –2 (d) a = 1, b = 2
4.2
18. With the usual notations, the following equation
(c) (4.2)2 J (d) 4.2 J
a
11. Which of the following is dimensionally inconsistent Sn th  u   2n  1 is.
2
l
(a) t  2 (b) v2 = u2 + 2as (a) Only numerically correct
g (b) Only dimensionally correct
m2v mv 2 (c) Both numerically and dimensionally correct
(c) F  (d) F 
l l (d) Neither numerically nor dimensionally correct

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 10. The length and breadth of a rectangular sheet are 16.2
VDPP–3 cm and 10.1 cm, respectively. The area of the sheet in
Subtopics: Significant Figures; Rounding off; appropriate significant figures and error is
Errors and Measurement (a) 164  3cm2 (b) 164.62  2.6cm 2
(c) 163.6  2.6cm 2 (d) 163.62  3cm 2
1. The area of a square is 5.29 cm2. The total area of 7
such squares taking into account the significant figures
is (if we add all the areas):
VDPP–4
(a) 37 cm2 (b) 37.030 cm2 Subtopics: Vernier Calipers
2
(c) 37.03 cm (d) 37.0 cm2
2. The respective number of significant figures for the 1. While measuring the length of the rod by Vernier
numbers 53.0123, 0.0031 and 3.4 × 10–3 are calipers the reading on main scale is 6.4 cm and the
(a) 6, 2, 2 (b) 6, 2, 3
eight division on Vernier is in line with marking on
(c) 5, 5, 2 (d) 5, 4, 3
main scale division. If the least count of calipers is
3. The length and the radius of a cylinder measured with
0.01 and zero error –0.04 cm , the length of the rod is
slide calipers are found to be 4.54 cm and 1.75 cm
respectively. Calculate the volume of the cylinder. (a) 6.50 cm (b) 6.48cm
(a) 43.657775 cm3 (b) 43.7 cm2 (c) 6.52 cm (d) 6.60 cm
3
(c) 43.66 cm (d) 43.658 cm3 2. The diameter of a cylinder is measured using a Vernier
4. If 97.52 is divided by 2.54, the correct result in terms calipers with no zero error. It is found that the zero of
of significant figures is. the Vernier scale lies between 5.10 cm and 5.15cm of
(a) 38.4 (b) 38.3937 the main scale. The Vernier scale has 50 division
(c) 38.394 (d) 38.39
equivalent to 2.45cm . The 24th division of the
5. Error in the measurement of radius of a sphere is 1% .
Vernier scale exactly coincides with one of the main
The error in the calculated value of its volume is
scale divisions. The diameter of the cylinder is
(a) 1% (b) 3%
(a) 5.112 cm (b) 5.124 cm
(c) 5% (d) 7%
6. The unit of percentage error is (c) 5.136 cm (d) 5.148 cm
(a) Same as that of physical quantity 3. One cm on the main scale of Vernier caliper is divided
(b) Different from that of physical quantity into 10 equal parts. If 10 divisions of Vernier scale
(c) Percentage error is unit less coincide with 8 small divisions of the main scale the
(d) Errors have got their own units which are different least count of the caliper is.
from that of physical quantity measured (a) 0.2 mm (b) 0.2 cm
7. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum in the (c) 0.02 mm (d) 0.1mm
experiment is recorded as 2.63 s, 2.56 s, 2.42 s, 2.71 s
4. A vernier has negative zero error:
and 2.80 s respectively. The average absolute error is
(a) when zero of vernier lies to the left of zero of main
(a) 0.1 s (b) 0.11 s
scale
(c) 0.01 s (d) 1.0 s
(b) when zero of vernier lies to the right of zero of
8. Which error is caused by the observer’s eye not being
main scale
perfectly aligned with the measurement scale?
(c) when both zero coincide with each other
(a) Random error (b) Instrumental error
(d) All of the above
(c) Parallax error (d) Gross error
5. Vernier calipers having 20 divisions on its vernier
9. The mass and volume of a body are found to be
scale which coincide with 19 divisions on the main
5.00  0.05 kg and 1.00  0.05 m3 respectively. Then scale. Least count of the instrument is 0.1 mm. The
the maximum possible percentage error in its density is main scale division is :
(a) 6% (b) 3% (a) 0.5 mm (b) 1 mm
(c) 10% (d) 5% (c) 2 mm (d) 0.25 mm

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6. Zero error is given by the formula 2. A screw gauge gives the following reading when used
(a) Actual reading = Main scale  Vernier scale – to measure the diameter of a wire. Main scale reading:
(Zero error) 0 mm. Circular scale reading: 52 divisions. Given that
(b) Actual reading = Main scale + Vernier scale – 1 mm on main scale corresponds to 100 divisions of
(Zero error) the circular scale. The diameter of wire from the above
(c) Actual reading = Main scale – Vernier scale – (Zero data is
error) (a) 0.052 cm (b) 0.040 cm
(d) Actual reading = Main scale + Vernier scale + (c) 0.52 cm (d) 0.052 mm
(Zero error) 3. A student measured the diameter of a wire using a
7. The lowest main-scale division is screw gauge with least count 0.001 cm and listed the
(a) 0.01 mm (b) 1 mm measurements. The correct measurement is –
(c) 0.1 mm (d) 10 mm (a) 5.3 cm (b) 5.32 cm
8. A given vernier caliper has a least count of 0.01 cm. If (c) 5.320 cm (d) 5.3200 cm
for a measurement the main scale reading is 2.3 cm 4. A screw gauge advances by 3 mm in 6 rotations. There
and 4th division of the vernier scale coincide with a are 50 divisions on circular scale. Find least count of
main scale division, then the reading of vernier caliper screw gauge:
is: (a) 0.002 cm (b) 0.001 cm
(a) 2.30 cm (b) 2. 32 cm (c) 0.01 cm (d) 0.02 cm
(c) 2. 34 cm (d) 2.70 cm 5. Calculate the least count of the screw gauge if number
9. In a vernier caliper, N divisions of vernier scale of divisions on main scale are 10 to a centimetre and
coincide with (N – 1) divisions of main scale (in which the number of circular divisions is 100.
1 division represents 1mm). The least count of the (a) 102 cm (b) 103 mm
instrument in cm should be: (c) 103 cm (d) 103 m
(a) N (b) N – 1
6. What is the reading of screw gauge shown in figure?
1 1 (100 divisions on circular scale)
(c) (d)
10N N 1
10. In a vernier calipers, one main scale division is x cm
and n divisions of the vernier scale coincide with (n –
1) divisions of the main scale. The least count (in cm)
of the calipers is: - (a) 2.30 mm (b) 2.29 mm
n 1 n (c) 2.36 mm (d) 2.41 mm
(a) x (b) x
n n 1 7. A screw gauge has 50 divisions on its circular scale
x x and its screw moves by 1 mm after turning it by two
(c) (d)
n n 1 rotations. Find the least count of screw gauge.
(a) 0.01 mm (b) 0.02 mm
(c) 0.1 mm (d) 0.02 cm
VDPP–5 8. Fill in the blanks: Least count of micrometer is ____
(a) 1 mm (b) 2 mm
Subtopics: Screw Gauge
(c) 0.1 mm (d) 0.01 mm
9. Two full turns of the circular scale of a screw gauge
1. The least count of the main scale of a screw gauge is 1 cover a distance of 1mm on its main scale. The total
mm. The minimum number of divisions on its circular
number of divisions on the circular scale is 50. Further,
scale required to, measure 4 mm diameter of a wire is:
it is found that the screw gauge has a zero error of
(a) 50 (b) 250
0.03mm . While measuring the diameter of a thin
(c) 100 (d) 500
wire, a student notes the main scale reading of 3mm
and the number of circular scale divisions in line with
the main scale as 35. The diameter of the wire is
(a) 3.73mm (b) 3.67 mm
(c) 3.38 mm (d) 3.32 mm

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10. The diameter of a wire is measured with a screw gauge  4.00  0.05 N then the relative density can be written
having least count 0.01mm . Which of the following
 weight in air 
correctly expresses the diameter? as:  relative density  
 weight in air  weight in water 
(a) 0.20cm (b) 0.002 cm
(a) 5.00  11% (b) 5.0  1%
(c) 2.00 cm (d) 0.2 cm
(c) 5.0  6% (d) 1.25  5%
7. If a, b, c are the percentage errors in the measurement
VDPP–6 of A, B and C, then percentage error in ABC would be
approximately.
Subtopics: Combination of Errors (a) abc (b) a + b + c
a b c
(c) ab + bc + ac (d)  
1. The percentage errors in quantities P, Q, R and S are b c a
0.5%, 1%, 3% and 1.5% respectively in the 8. The percentage errors in the measurement of mass and
P 3Q 2 speed are 2% and 3% respectively. How much will
measurement of a physical quantity A  . The
RS be the maximum error in the estimation of the kinetic
maximum percentage error in the value of A will be: energy obtained by measuring mass and speed
(a) 6.0 % (b) 7.5 % (a) 11% (b) 8%
(c) 8.5 % (d) 6.5 % (c) 5% (d) 1%
2. According to Joule's law of heating, heat produced H = 9. While measuring the acceleration due to gravity by a
I2 RT, where I is current, R is resistance and t is time. simple pendulum, a student makes a positive error of
If the errors in the measurement of I, R and t are 3%, 1% in the length of the pendulum and a negative error
4% and 6% respectively then error in the measurement of 3% in the value of time period. His percentage
of H is error in the measurement of g by the relation
(a) 17% (b) 16%
g  4 2  l / T 2  will be
(c) 19% (d) 25%
3. The percentage errors in the measurements of the (a) 2% (b) 4%
length of a simple pendulum and its time period are 2% (c) 7% (d) 10%
and 3% respectively. The maximum measurable 2k 3l 2
10. A physical quantity X is given by X  . The
percentage error in the value of the acceleration due to m n
gravity obtained from these measurements is percentage error in the measurements of k , l , m and n
(a) 5% (b) 1%
are 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% respectively. The value of
(c) 8% (d) 10%
4. You measure two quantities as A = 1.0 m  0.2m, B = X is uncertain by
2.0 m  0.2m. We should report correct value for (a) 8% (b) 10%
AB as (c) 12% (d) None of the above
(a) 1.4m  0.4m (b) 1.41m  0.15m 11. In an experiment, the percentage of error occurred in
the measurement of physical quantities A, B, C and D
(c) 1.4m  0.3m (d) 1.4m  0.2m
are 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% respectively. T hen, the
5. In the density measurement of a cube, the mass and
maximum percentage of error in the measurement X,
edge length are measured as  20.00  0.10  kg and 1
A2 B 2
 0.20  0.01 m, respectively. The relative error in the where X  1
will be
measurement of density is: C 3 D3
(a) 0.01 (b) 0.155 (a) 16% (b) -10%
(c) 0.176 (d) 0.007 3
(c) 10% (d)   %
6. The relative density of material of a body is found by  13 
weighing it first in air and then in water. If the weight
in air is  5.00  0.05  N and weight in water is

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 ANSWER KEY
VDPP–1
Subtopics: Physical Quantities and Units; Introduction to Dimensions

1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8.(b) 9.(c) 10. (d)
11. (b)

VDPP–2
Subtopics: Dimensional Analysis

1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. (a) 16. (c) 17. (d) 18. (c)

VDPP–3
Subtopics: Significant Figures; Rounding off; Errors and Measurement

1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (a)

VDPP–4
Subtopics: Vernier Calipers

1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (c)

VDPP–5
Subtopics: Screw Gauge

1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (c)

VDPP–6
Subtopics: Combination of Errors

1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (c)
11. (a)

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