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1. An ________ is a set of entities of the same type that share the same properties, or
attributes.(a)
a) Entity set
b) Attribute set
c) Relation set
d) Entity model
.

2. Entity is a _________(c)
a) Object of relation
b) Present working model
c) Thing in real world
d) Model of relation

3. The descriptive property possessed by each entity set is _________(b)

a) Entity
b) Attribute
c) Relation
d) Model

4. The function that an entity plays in a relationship is called that entity’s

_________(c)
a) Participation
b) Position
c) Role
d) Instance

5. The attribute name could be structured as an attribute consisting of first name,

middle initial, and last name. This type of attribute is called(b)
a) Simple attribute
b) Composite attribute
c) Multivalued attribute
d) Derived attribute

6. The attribute AGE is calculated from DATE_OF_BIRTH. The attribute AGE is(d)
a) Single valued
b) Multi valued
c) Composite
d) Derived

7. Not applicable condition can be represented in relation entry as(c)

a) NA
b) 0
c) NULL
d) Blank Space

8. Which of the following can be a multivalued attribute?(a)

a) Phone_number
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b) Name
c) Date_of_birth
d) All of the mentioned

9. Which of the following is a single valued attribute(a)

a) Register_number
b) Address
c) SUBJECT_TAKEN
d) Reference

10. In a relation between the entities the type and condition of the relation should be
specified. That is called as______attribute.(a)
a) Desciptive
b) Derived
c) Recursive
d) Relative

1. _____________ express the number of entities to which another entity can be

associated via a relationship set.(a)
a) Mapping Cardinality
b) Relational Cardinality
c) Participation Constraints
d) None of the mentioned

2. An entity in A is associated with at most one entity in B, and an entity in B is

associated with at most one entity in A.This is called as(b)
a) One-to-many
b) One-to-one
c) Many-to-many
d) Many-to-one

3. An entity in A is associated with at most one entity in B. An entity in B, however,

can be associated with any number (zero or more) of entities in A.(d)
a) One-to-many
b) One-to-one
c) Many-to-many
d) Many-to-one

4. Data integrity constraints are used to(c)

a) Control who is allowed access to the data
b) Ensure that duplicate records are not entered into the table
c) Improve the quality of data entered for a specific property
d) Prevent users from changing the values stored in the table

5. Establishing limits on allowable property values, and specifying a set of

acceptable, predefined options that can be assigned to a property are examples of(b)
a) Attributes
b) Data integrity constraints
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c) Method constraints
d) Referential integrity constraints

6. Which of the following can be addressed by enforcing a referential integrity

constraint?(c)
a) All phone numbers must include the area code
b) Certain fields are required (such as the email address, or phone number) before the
record is accepted
c) Information on the customer must be known before anything can be sold to that customer
d) Then entering an order quantity, the user must input a number and not some text (i.e., 12
rather than ‘a dozen’)

7. ______ is a special type of integrity constraint that relates two relations &
maintains consistency across the relations.(b)
a) Entity Integrity Constraints
b) Referential Integrity Constraints
c) Domain Integrity Constraints
d) Domain Constraints

8. Which one of the following uniquely identifies the elements in the relation?(b)
a) Secondary Key
b) Primary key
c) Foreign key
d) Composite key

9. Drop Table cannot be used to drop a table referenced by a _________ constraint.

(d)
a) Local Key
b) Primary Key
c) Composite Key
d) Foreign Key

10. ____________ is preferred method for enforcing data integrity(a)

a) Constraints
b) Stored Procedure
c) Triggers
d) Cursors

1. Which of the following gives a logical structure of the database graphically?(a)

a) Entity-relationship diagram
b) Entity diagram
c) Database diagram
d) Architectural representation

2. The entity relationship set is represented in E-R diagram as(d)

a) Double diamonds
b) Undivided rectangles
c) Dashed lines
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d) Diamond

3. The Rectangles divided into two parts represents(a)

a) Entity set
b) Relationship set
c) Attributes of a relationship set
d) Primary key

4. Consider a directed line(->) from the relationship set advisor to both entity sets
instructor and student. This indicates _________ cardinality(b)
a) One to many
b) One to one
c) Many to many
d) Many to one

5. We indicate roles in E-R diagrams by labeling the lines that connect ___________
to __________(d)
a) Diamond , diamond
b) Rectangle, diamond
c) Rectangle, rectangle
d) Diamond, rectangle

Explanation: Diamond represents a relationship set and rectangle represents a entity set.

6. An entity set that does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is
termed a __________(c)
a) Strong entity set
b) Variant set
c) Weak entity set
d) Variable set

7. For a weak entity set to be meaningful, it must be associated with another entity
set, called the(a)
a) Identifying set
b) Owner set
c) Neighbour set
d) Strong entity set

8. Weak entity set is represented as(d)

a) Underline
b) Double line
c) Double diamond
d) Double rectangle

Explanation: Weak entity set is represented as a double rectangle in entity relationship

diagram.

9. If you were collecting and storing information about your music collection, an
album would be considered a(n) _____(b)
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a) Relation
b) Entity
c) Instance
d) Attribute

10. What term is used to refer to a specific record in your music database; for
instance; information stored about a specific album?(b)
a) Relation
b) Instance
c) Table
d) Column

1. Let us consider phone_number ,which can take single or several values .

Treating phone_numberas an _________ permits instructors to have several phone
numbers (including zero) associated with them.(a)
a) Entity
b) Attribute
c) Relation
d) Value

2. The total participation by entities is represented in E-R diagram as(b)

a) Dashed line
b) Double line
c) Double rectangle
d) Circle

3. Given the basic ER and relational models, which of the following is INCORRECT?
(c)
a) An attribute of an entity can have more than one value
b) An attribute of an entity can be composite
c) In a row of a relational table, an attribute can have more than one value
d) In a row of a relational table, an attribute can have exactly one value or a NULL value

4. Which of the following indicates the maximum number of entities that can be
involved in a relationship?(b)
a) Minimum cardinality
b) Maximum cardinality
c) ERD
d) Greater Entity Count

5. In E-R diagram generalization is represented by(d)

a) Ellipse
b) Dashed ellipse
c) Rectangle

Explanation: Ellipse represents attributes, rectangle represents entity.

6. What is a relationship called when it is maintained between two entities?(b)

a) Unary
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b) Binary
c) Ternary
d) Quaternary

7. Which of the following is a low level operator?(d)

a) Insert
b) Update
c) Delete
d) Directory

8. Key to represent relationship between tables is called(c)

a) Primary key
b) Secondary Key
c) Foreign Key
d) None of the mentioned

9. A window into a portion of a database is(b)

a) Schema
b) View
c) Query
d) Data dictionary

10. A primary key is combined with a foreign key creates(a)

a) Parent-Child relation ship between the tables that connect them
b) Many to many relationship between the tables that connect them
c) Network model between the tables that connect them
d) None of the mentioned

1. The entity set person is classified as student and employee. This process is called
_________(b)
a) Generalization
b) Specialization
c) Inheritance
d) Constraint generalization

2. Which relationship is used to represent a specialization entity?(a)

a) ISA
b) AIS
c) ONIS
d) WHOIS

3. The refinement from an initial entity set into successive levels of entity
subgroupings represents a ________ design process in which distinctions are made
explicit.(c)
a) Hierarchy
b) Bottom-up
c) Top-down
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d) Radical

4. There are similarities between the instructor entity set and the secretary entity set
in the sense that they have several attributes that are conceptually the same across
the two entity sets: namely, the identifier, name, and salary attributes. This process is
called(c)
a) Commonality
b) Specialization
c) Generalization
d) Similarity

5. If an entity set is a lower-level entity set in more than one ISA relationship, then the
entity set has(d)
a) Hierarchy
b) Multilevel inheritance
c) Single inheritance
d) Multiple inheritance

6. A _____________ constraint requires that an entity belong to no more than one

lower-level entity set.(a)
a) Disjointness
b) Uniqueness
c) Special
d) Relational

7. Consider the employee work-team example, and assume that certain employees
participate in more than one work team. A given employee may therefore appear in
more than one of the team entity sets that are lower level entity sets of employee.
Thus, the generalization is _____________(a)
a) Overlapping
b) Disjointness
c) Uniqueness
d) Relational

8. The completeness constraint may be one of the following: Total generalization or

specialization, Partial generalization or specialization. Which is the default?(b)
a) Total
b) Partial
c) Should be specified
d) Cannot be determined

9. Functional dependencies are a generalization of(a)

a) Key dependencies
b) Relation dependencies
c) Database dependencies
d) None of the mentioned
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10. Which of the following is another name for a weak entity?(a)

a) Child
b) Owner
c) Dominant
d) All of the mentioned

1. A domain is ______ if elements of the domain are considered to be indivisible

units.(a)
a) Atomic
b) Subatomic
c) Substructure
d) Subset

2. Identify the composite attributes(d)

a) Salary
b) Credits
c) Section_id
d) None of the mentioned

4. Which one is based on multi-valued dependency( )

a) First
b) Second
c) Third
d) Fourth

5. If a relation is in BCNF, then it is also in(d)

a) 1 NF
b) 2 NF
c) 3 NF
d) All of the mentioned

6. If every non-key attribute is functionally dependent primary key, then the relation
will be in(b)
a) First normal form
b) Second normal form
c) Third form
d) Fourth normal form

7. If an attribute of a composite key is dependent on an attribute of the other

composite key, a normalization called _____ is needed.(b)
a) DKNF
b) BCNF
c) Fourth
d) Third

8. The term for information that describes what type of data is available in a database
is(d)
a) Data dictionary
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b) data repository
c) Index data
d) Metadata

9. A data type that creates unique numbers for key columns in Microsoft Access is(a)
a) Autonumber
b) Boolean
c) Sequential key
d) Sequential number

10. A dependency exist between two columns when(a)

a) Together they constitute a composite key for the table
b) Knowing the value in one column determines the value stored in another column
c) The table is in 3NF
d) Together they constitute a foreign key

1. In the __________ normal form, a composite attribute is converted to individual

attributes.(a)
a) First
b) Second
c) Third
d) Fourth

Explanation: The first normal form is used to eliminate the duplicate information.

2. A table on the many side of a one to many or many to many relationship must(d)
a) Be in Second Normal Form (2NF)
b) Be in Third Normal Form (3NF)
c) Have a single attribute key
d) Have a composite key

Explanation: The relation in second normal form is also in first normal form and no partial
dependencies on any column in primary key.

3. Tables in second normal form (2NF)(a)

a) Eliminate all hidden dependencies
b) Eliminate the possibility of a insertion anomalies
c) Have a composite key
d) Have all non key fields depend on the whole primary key

Explanation: The relation in second normal form is also in first normal form and no partial
dependencies on any column in primary key.

4. Which-one ofthe following statements about normal forms is FALSE?(c)

a) BCNF is stricter than 3 NF
b) Lossless, dependency -preserving decomposition into 3 NF is always possible
c) Loss less, dependency – preserving decomposition into BCNF is always possible
d) Any relation with two attributes is BCNF
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5. Functional Dependencies are the types of constraints that are based on______(a)
a) Key
b) Key revisited
c) Superset key
d) None of the mentioned

6. Which is a bottom-up approach to database design that design by examining the

relationship between attributes(c)
a) Functional dependency
b) Database modeling
c) Normalization
d) Decomposition

Explanation: Normalisation is the process of removing redundancy and unwanted data.

7. Which forms simplifies and ensures that there are minimal data aggregates and
repetitive groups(c)
a) 1NF
b) 2NF
c) 3NF
d) All of the mentioned

Explanation: The first normal form is used to eliminate the duplicate information.

8. Which forms has a relation that possesses data about an individual entity:(c)
a) 2NF
b) 3NF
c) 4NF
d) 5NF

Explanation: A Table is in 4NF if and only if, for every one of its non-trivial multivalued
dependencies X \twoheadrightarrow Y, X is a superkey—that is, X is either a candidate key
or a superset thereof.

9. Which forms are based on the concept of functional dependency(c)

a) 1NF
b) 2NF
c) 3NF
d) 4NF

10.

Empdt1(empcode, name, street, city, state, pincode).

For any pincode, there is only one city and state. Also, for given street, city and state,
there is just one pincode. In normalization terms, empdt1 is a relation in(b)
a) 1 NF only
b) 2 NF and hence also in 1 NF
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c) 3NF and hence also in 2NF and 1NF

d) BCNF and hence also in 3NF, 2NF and 1NF

1. We can use the following three rules to find logically implied functional
dependencies. This collection of rules is called(b)
a) Axioms
b) Armstrong’s axioms
c) Armstrong
d) Closure

2. Which of the following is not Armstrong’s Axiom?(c)

a) Reflexivity rule
b) Transitivity rule
c) Pseudotransitivity rule
d) Augmentation rule

3. The relation employee(ID,name,street,Credit,street,city,salary) is decomposed

into(d)

employee1 (ID, name)

employee2 (name, street, city, salary)

This type of decomposition is called

a) Lossless decomposition
b) Lossless-join decomposition
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

4. Inst_dept (ID, name, salary, dept name, building, budget) is decomposed into(d)

instructor (ID, name, dept name, salary)

department (dept name, building, budget)

This comes under

a) Lossy-join decomposition
b) Lossy decomposition
c) Lossless-join decomposition
d) Both Lossy and Lossy-join decomposition

5. There are two functional dependencies with the same set of attributes on the left
side of the arrow(a)
A->BC
A->B
This can be combined as
a) A->BC
b) A->B
c) B->C
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d) None of the mentioned

6. Consider a relation R(A,B,C,D,E) with the following functional dependencies(c)

ABC -> DE and

D -> AB

The number of superkeys of R is:

a) 2
b) 7
c) 10
d) 12

7. Suppose we wish to find the ID’s of the employees that are managed by people
who are managed by the employee with ID 123. Here are two possible queries(a)

I.SELECT ee.empID
FROM Emps ee, Emps ff
WHERE ee.mgrID = ff.empID AND ff.mgrID = 123;
II.SELECT empID
FROM Emps
WHERE mgrID IN
(SELECT empID FROM Emps WHERE mgrID = 123);

Which, if any, of the two queries above will correctly (in SQL2) get the desired set of
employee ID’s?
a) Both I and II
b) I only
c) II only
d) Neither I nor I

8. Suppose relation R(A,B) currently has tuples {(1,2), (1,3), (3,4)} and relation S(B,C)
currently has {(2,5), (4,6), (7,8)}. Then the number of tuples in the result of the SQL query:

<i>SELECT *
FROM R NATURAL OUTER JOIN S; </i>IS:

a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
d) None of the mentioned

Answer: a

10. Suppose relation R(A,B,C,D,E) has the following functional dependencies:

A -> B
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B -> C
BC -> A
A -> D
E -> A
D -> E

Which of the following is not a key?(c)

a) A
b) E
c) B, C
d) D

1. A relation is in ____________ if an attribute of a composite key is dependent on an

attribute of other composite key.(b)
a) 2NF
b) 3NF
c) BCNF
d) 1NF

2. What are the desirable properties of a decomposition(b)

a) Partition constraint
b) Dependency preservation
c) Redundancy
d) Security

3. R (A,B,C,D) is a relation. Which of the following does not have a lossless join
dependency preserving BCNF decomposition?(d)
a) A->B, B->CD
b) A->B, B->C, C->D
c) AB->C, C->AD
d) A->BCD

5. The algorithm that takes a set of dependencies and adds one schema at a time,
instead of decomposing the initial schema repeatedly is(c)
a) BCNF algorithm
b) 2NF algorithm
c) 3NF synthesis algorithm
d) 1NF algorithm

6. The functional dependency can be tested easily on the materialized view, using the
constraints ____________.(d)
a) Primary key
b) Null
c) Unique
d) Both Null and Unique

7. Which normal form is considered adequate for normal relational database design?
(d)
a) 2NF
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b) 5NF
c) 4NF
d) 3NF

9. A table has fields F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5, with the following functional dependencies:

F1->F3
F2->F4
(F1,F2)->F5

in terms of normalization, this table is in(a)

a) 1NF
b) 2NF
c) 3NF
d) None of the mentioned

10. Let R(A,B,C,D,E,P,G) be a relational schema in which the following FDs are known
to hold(d)

AB->CD
DE->P
C->E
P->C
B->G

The relation schema R is

a) in BCNF
b) in 3NF, but not in BCNF
c) in 2NF, but not in 3NF
d) not in 2NF

1. The normal form which satisfies multivalued dependencies and which is in BCNF
is(a)
a) 4 NF
b) 3 NF
c) 2 NF
d) All of the mentioned

2. Which of the following is a tuple-generating dependencies?(c)

a) Functional dependency
b) Equality-generating dependencies
c) Multivalued dependencies
d) Non-functional dependency

3. The main task carried out in the __________ is to remove repeating attributes to
separate tables.(a)
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a) First Normal Form

b) Second Normal Form
c) Third Normal Form
d) Fourth Normal Form

4. Which of the normal form is based on multivalued dependencies?(d)

a) First
b) Second
c) Third
d) Fourth

5. Which forms has a relation that possesses data about an individual entity?(c)
a) 2NF
b) 3NF
c) 4NF
d) 5NF

6. If a multivalued dependency holds and is not implied by the corresponding

functional dependency, it usually arises from one of the following sources.(d)
a) A many-to-many relationship set
b) A multivalued attribute of an entity set
c) A one-to-many relationship set
d) Both A many-to-many relationship set and A multivalued attribute of an entity set

7. Which of the following has each related entity set has its own schema and there is
an additional schema for the relationship set?(a)
a) A many-to-many relationship set
b) A multivalued attribute of an entity set
c) A one-to-many relationship set
d) None of the mentioned

8. In which of the following, a separate schema is created consisting of that attribute

and the primary key of the entity set.(b)
a) A many-to-many relationship set
b) A multivalued attribute of an entity set
c) A one-to-many relationship set
d) None of the mentioned

9. Fifth Normal form is concerned with(c)

a) Functional dependency
b) Multivalued dependency
c) Join dependency
d) Domain-key

10. In 2NF(c)
a) No functional dependencies (FDs) exist
b) No multivalued dependencies (MVDs) exist
c) No partial FDs exist
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d) No partial MVDs exist