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Intro Final

The document provides an overview of material classification, dividing them into three main categories: metals, ceramics, and polymers, along with composites, semiconductors, and biomaterials. It also discusses advanced materials used in high-tech applications and highlights the ongoing need for innovative materials to address technological challenges and environmental impacts. The text emphasizes the importance of developing new materials for energy efficiency and pollution control.

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nhpancholi01
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6 views

Intro Final

The document provides an overview of material classification, dividing them into three main categories: metals, ceramics, and polymers, along with composites, semiconductors, and biomaterials. It also discusses advanced materials used in high-tech applications and highlights the ongoing need for innovative materials to address technological challenges and environmental impacts. The text emphasizes the importance of developing new materials for energy efficiency and pollution control.

Uploaded by

nhpancholi01
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

Introduction & Classification of

Materials

NILESH PANCHOLI
B.E. ( Mech.), M.E. (Mech.), Ph. D.
Email: [email protected]
www.nileshpancholi.com
Content

According to the content, this text mainly


contains the following three parts:

• Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials

• Part 2: Advanced materials

• Part 3: Modern Materials Needs


Part 1: Basic classification and
engineering Materials

Look through the Part 1 quickly with following


questions:

 How many groups can solid materials be conveniently divided into?

 How many classifications can engineering materials be grouped into?


FQA：

How many groups can solid materials be conveniently


divided into?

Solid materials have been conveniently


grouped into three basic classifications: metals,
ceramics and polymers.
FQA：

How many classifications can engineering materials be


grouped into?

In addition, there are three other groups of


important engineering materials--composites,
semiconductor and biomaterials.
Basic classification and engineering Materials

This scheme is based primarily on chemical makeup and


atomic structure, and most materials fall into one distinct
grouping or another, although there are some intermediates.
Basic classification and engineering Materials

Composites consist of combinations of two or


more different materials, whereas semiconductors
are utilized because of their unusual electrical
characteristics; biomaterials are implanted into the
human body.
Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials
Metals:

Can you give a definition to the metals?


What are the representative
characteristics of metals?
Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials

Metals:
Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials
Ceramics:

Can you give a definition to the ceramics?


What are the representative
characteristics of ceramics?
Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials

Ceramics:
ceramics
These materials are typically insulative to the passage
of electricity and heat, and are more resistant to high
temperatures and harsh environments than metals and
polymers.
With regard to mechanical behavior, ceramics are
hard but very brittle.
Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials
polymers:

Can you give a definition to the polymers?


What are the representative
characteristics of polymers?
Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials

Polymer:
Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials

Composites:
Composites

A composite is designed to display a combination


of the best characteristics of each of the component
materials.
Fiberglass acquires strength from the glass and
flexibility from the polymer.
Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials

semiconductors
semiconductors:

Furthermore, the electrical characteristics

of these materials are extremely sensitive

to the presence of minute concentrations

of impurity atoms, which concentrations

may be controlled over very small spatial


Part 1: Basic classification and engineering Materials
Biomaterials
FQA：

What are advanced materials?

Materials that are utilized in high-technology


(or high-tech) applications are sometimes termed
advanced materials.
Part 2: Advanced Materials
Advanced materials
By high technology we mean a device or
product that operates or functions using
relatively intricate and sophisticated
principles, examples include electronic
equipment, … and military rocketry.
These advanced materials are typically
either traditional materials whose properties
have been enhanced or newly developed,
high—performance materials.
Furthermore, they may be of all material
Part 3: Modern Materials needs

In spite of the tremendous progress that has


been made in the discipline of materials science
and engineering within the past few years, there
still remain technological challenges, including
the development of even more sophisticated and
specialized materials, as well as consideration of
the environmental impact of materials production.
Modern Materials Needs
 Nuclear energy holds some promise, but the
solution to the many problems that remain will
necessarily involve materials …

 Significant quantities of energy are involved in


transportation…..New high strength, low-density
structural materials remain to be developed, as
well as materials that have higher-temperature
capabilities, for use in engine components.
Modern Materials Needs
 Furthermore, there is a recognized need to find
new, economical sources of energy, and to use
the present resources more efficiently. Materials
will undoubtedly play a significant role in these
developments….
 Additionally, environmental quality depends on
our ability to control air and water pollution.
Pollution control techniques employ various
materials.

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