Scribd
Upload
14 views63 pages

Artificial Intelligence: by John Mccarthy

The document provides an overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI), detailing its definition, techniques such as Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing, and applications across various fields. It discusses different types of machine learning algorithms, the role of robotics, and the components of robots. Additionally, it highlights the distinctions between AI and robotics, as well as their respective applications in real-world scenarios.

Uploaded by

Charujith Js
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views63 pages

Artificial Intelligence: by John Mccarthy

The document provides an overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI), detailing its definition, techniques such as Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing, and applications across various fields. It discusses different types of machine learning algorithms, the role of robotics, and the components of robots. Additionally, it highlights the distinctions between AI and robotics, as well as their respective applications in real-world scenarios.

Uploaded by

Charujith Js
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 63

AI

Artificial Intelligence

By John McCarthy
● AI can be termed as Artificial - “man made”
Intelligence - “thinking power”

● Al is studying how the human brain thinks, how humans


learn, decide and work while trying to solve a problem,
based on this developing an intelligent software and
systems.
AI techniques
● Machine Learning
● NLP (Natural Language Processing)
● Automation and Robotics
● Machine vision
Machine Learning

● A huge amount of data is generated every minute in the form of text messages,
photos, videos, pdf..etc
● More data still is created by millions of sensors in our homes, cars, cities, public
transport infrastructure, and factories
● Making use of this data by choosing suitable algorithms to imitate the way that
humans learn, gradually improving its accuracy
● Data scientists can use all of that data to train machine learning models that can
make predictions and inferences based on the relationships they find in the data
Types of Machine learning algorithm
1. Supervised machine learning algorithm
2. Unsupervised machine learning algorithm
3. Reinforcement algorithm
Supervised Machine Learning algorithm

It is defined by its use of labeled datasets to train algorithms that to


classify data and predict outcomes accurately
UnSupervised Machine Learning algorithm
The task of the unsupervised learning algorithm is to identify the image features
on their own

Unsupervised learning is a type of machine learning in which models are trained


using unlabeled dataset and are allowed to act on that data without any
supervision
Reinforcement Machine Learning algorithm
Reinforcement learning is an interdisciplinary area of machine learning and
optimal control concerned with how an intelligent agent ought to take actions
in a dynamic environment in order to maximize the cumulative reward
Natural Language Processing
It is a branch of artificial intelligence within computer science that focuses on
helping computers to understand the way that humans write and speak
2. NLP(Natural Language Processing)
● It is the interaction between computers and human language where
computers are programmed to process natural language
● Audio of human talk is captured by machine. Then the audio to text
conversation, then text is processed where data is converted into audio. Then
machine uses the audio to respond to human
Applications on NLP
● IVR(Interactive Voice Response)
● Google translate
● Word Processors
Google Translate
Word Processor
3. Automation and Robotics
● The purpose of automation is to get repetitive and monotonous tasks done
by machines which improves productivity & delivers efficient results
● Robotic process automation is programmed to perform high volume repetitive
task which can adapt to change in different circumstances
4. Machine vision or Computer Vision
● Machine observes visual information and then analyse it
● Images are converted to digital data then result data is fed to computer
● Two vital aspects of MV are sensitivity and resolution

Ex: pattern recognition, Facial recognition, Hand gestures


Pattern Recognition
Hand Gesture
Face Recognition
Intelligence System
Systems are capable of making decisions and take actions autonomously

Application of Intelligent system

● Education
● Intelligent transportation
● Visual Inspection
● Military applications
● Medical care
● Human identification(biometrics)
● Factory Automation
Education
Intelligent transportation
Visual Inspection
Military applications
Medical care
Factory Automation
Expert Systems
Machines provides explanation and advice to users through set of rules
provided by an expert
Elements of AI
1. NLP
2. Intelligent systems
3. Expert Systems
4. Robotics Pattern Recognition
5. Computational intelligence ML Data Mining

Knowledge Discovery
Machine Learning Vs Human Intelligence
Combination of Processing emotions

Data analysis Mentoring others

Mathematics adapting to unfamiliar situations

Logic Developing personal connect

Language Comprehension

Learning

Operation research
Unit 2

AI APPLICATIONS
Types of Virtual Assistants

● Speech to text

Ex: Google assistant, siri, cortana

● Speech compression
● Augmented reality
● NLP
● Computer Vision
AI in Travel
❏ Travel ChatBots
❏ Check-in Through Face recognition
❏ Price optimization
❏ Online brand management
❏ Personalised recommendation for tourist
❏ Profound sentiment analysis
AI in OCR
An area of computer vision, OCR(Optical Character Recognition) process images
of text and converts texts into machine readable forms

It takes handwritten or typed text within physical documents and converts them
into digital formats
AI in Mobile Payment System
AI in E-Commerce
❖ Increase in volume of voice search
❖ Conversational Chatbots
❖ Recommendation systems
❖ Upgraded delivery method
❖ VR and AR
AI in Photo Editing
Unit 3

Robotics
What is a Robot?
A robot is a programmable machine that can complete a task, while the term
robotics describes the field of study focused on developing robots and automation
What is software robotics?
● Bots are computer programs which carry out tasks autonomously
● Chatbot is a computer program that stimulates conversation both online and
over the phone
● Ex: Customer service
Types of Robots
● Pre-programmed Robots: Robots that operate in controlled environment where they perform simple,
monotonous task. Operate in controlled environment, simple and monotonous. Eg:Mechanical arm

● Humanoid Robots: Robots that look like or mimic human behaviour. They perform jumping, running,
carrying objects, sometimes looks like us. Ex:Sophia, atlas

● Autonomous Robots: Robots independent on human operators, meaning does not require human
intervention. They use senors to perceive the changes and makes decision using computers(Eg:
Roomba)
● Teleoperated Robots: Robots are semi autonomous bots that use a wireless
network to enable human control from a safe distance. Used in geographical
condition and weather circumstances. Ex:Drone and Submarine

● Augmenting Robots: Also known as VR robots either enhance current human


capabilities or replace human
Main Component of a Robot:
○ Power Supply - The working power to the robot is provided by batteries, hydraulic,
solar power, or pneumatic power sources.
○ Actuators - Actuators are the energy conversion device used inside a robot. The
major function of actuators is to convert energy into movement.
○ Electric motors (DC/AC)- Motors are electromechanical component used for
converting electrical energy into its equivalent mechanical energy. In robots
motors are used for providing rotational movement.
○ Sensors - Sensors provide real time information on the task environment. Robots are
equipped with tactile sensor it imitates the mechanical properties of touch receptors of
human fingerprints and a vision sensor is used for computing the depth in the
environment.
○ Controller - Controller is a part of robot that coordinates all motion of the mechanical
system. It also receives an input from immediate environment through various sensors.
The heart of robot's controller is a microprocessor linked with the input/output and
monitoring device. The command issued by the controller activates the motion control
mechanism, consisting of various controller, actuators and amplifier.
Difference between AI and Robotics
AI Robotics
It is the intelligence demonstrated It is a branch of engineering that involves
Machines similar to natural intelligence conception design, manufacture and operation
Displayed by humans of robots
AI is the bridge between human Robotics use AI to improve the functionalities
Intelligence and machine of the robot
Applications of AI: Applications of Robots:
Eg: Google’s DeepMind, Siri, Spotify Eg: Medical surgeries, lab research &
manufacturing
Difference in Robotics Program and AI Program

AI Program Robotics Program

They operate in computer stimulated They operate in real physical world


worlds

The input to an AI programs is symbols The input to robots is analog signal in the
and rules form of speech waveform or images

They need general purpose computers They need special hardware with
to operate on sensors and effectors
Applications of Robotics
● Robotics for Home
● Robotics in manufacturing
● Healthcare robots
● Robotics for military
● Robotics in Agriculture
● Logistics Robots
Robots for home

You might also like