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Lab 3 Restricting and Sorting Data

Lab 3 of CSE 226 focuses on restricting and sorting data using SQL queries. It covers the use of the WHERE clause to limit rows, various comparison conditions, and the ORDER BY clause for sorting results. The document also includes practice exercises for applying these SQL concepts.

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2 views

Lab 3 Restricting and Sorting Data

Lab 3 of CSE 226 focuses on restricting and sorting data using SQL queries. It covers the use of the WHERE clause to limit rows, various comparison conditions, and the ORDER BY clause for sorting results. The document also includes practice exercises for applying these SQL concepts.

Uploaded by

help.caardify
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CSE 226 (Lab 3)

LAB 3: Restricting and Sorting Data.


Objectives
After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following:
 Limit the rows retrieved by a query
 Sort the rows retrieved by a query
Lesson Aim
While retrieving data from the database, you may need to restrict the rows of data that are displayed or
specify the order in which the rows are displayed. This lesson explains the SQL statements that you use to
perform these actions.

Limiting the Rows Selected


You can restrict the rows returned from the query by using the WHERE clause. A WHERE clause contains
a condition that must be met, and it directly follows the FROM clause. If the condition is true, the row
meeting the condition is returned.
In the syntax:
WHERE restricts the query to rows that meet a condition
condition is composed of column names, expressions, constants, and a comparison operator
The WHERE clause can compare values in columns, literal values, arithmetic expressions, or functions. It
consists of three elements:
o Column name
o Comparison condition
o Column name, constant, or list of values
Using the WHERE Clause
SELECT employee_id, last_name, job_id, department_id
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = 90;

Character Strings and Dates


Character strings and dates in the WHERE clause must be enclosed in single quotation marks ('').
Number constants, however, should not be enclosed in single quotation marks.
Oracle databases store dates in an internal numeric format, representing the century, year, month, day,
hours, minutes, and seconds. The default date display is DD-MON-RR.

Comparison Conditions : =, >, >=, <, <=, <>, !=, ^=


Using Comparison Conditions
SELECT last_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary <= 3000;

Using the BETWEEN Condition


SELECT last_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary BETWEEN 2500 AND 3500;

Using the IN Condition


SELECT employee_id, last_name, salary, manager_id
FROM employees

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CSE 226 (Lab 3)

WHERE manager_id IN (100, 101, 201);

Using the LIKE Condition


SELECT first_name
FROM employees
WHERE first_name LIKE 'S%';

Using the NULL Conditions


SELECT last_name, manager_id
FROM employees
WHERE manager_id IS NULL;

Logical Conditions: AND, OR, NOT


Using the AND Operator
SELECT employee_id, last_name, job_id, salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary >=10000
AND job_id LIKE '%MAN%';

Using the OR Operator


SELECT employee_id, last_name, job_id, salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary >= 10000
OR job_id LIKE '%MAN%';

Using the NOT Operator


SELECT last_name, job_id
FROM employees
WHERE job_id NOT IN ('IT_PROG', 'ST_CLERK', 'SA_REP');

ORDER BY Clause
SELECT last_name, job_id, department_id, hire_date
FROM employees
ORDER BY hire_date;

Sorting in Descending Order


SELECT last_name, job_id, department_id, hire_date
FROM employees
ORDER BY hire_date DESC;

Sorting by Column Alias


SELECT employee_id, last_name, salary*12 annsal
FROM employees
ORDER BY annsal;

Sorting by Multiple Columns


SELECT last_name, department_id, salary
FROM employees
ORDER BY department_id, salary DESC;

Practice

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CSE 226 (Lab 3)

1. Create a query to display the last name and salary of employees earning more than $12,000.
Place your SQL statement in a text file named lab2_1.sql. Run your query.

2. Create a query to display the employee last name and department number for employee no= 176.

3. Modify lab2_1.sql to display the last name and salary for all employees whose salary is not in
the range of $5,000 and $12,000. Place your SQL statement in a text file named lab2_3.sql.

4. Display the employee last name, job ID, and start date of employees hired between February 20,
1998, and May 1, 1998. Order the query in ascending order by start date.

5. Display the last name and department number of all employees in departments 20 and 50 in
alphabetical order by name.
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CSE 226 (Lab 3)

6. Modify lab2_3.sql to list the last name and salary of employees who earn between $5,000 and
$12,000, and are in department 20 or 50. Label the columns Employee and Monthly Salary, respectively.
Resave lab2_3.sql as lab2_6.sql. Run the statement in lab2_6.sql.

7. Display the last name and hire date of every employee who was hired in 1994.

8. Display the last name and job title of all employees who do not have a manager.

9. Display the last name, salary, and commission for all employees who earn commissions. Sort
data in descending order of salary and commissions.

Page 4 of 4

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