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The document contains a series of statistical questions and scenarios related to hypothesis testing, probability, and data analysis techniques. It covers topics such as non-parametric alternatives to statistical tests, the analysis of paired versus separate samples, and the evaluation of independence between behavioral and plumage indices in hybrids. Additionally, it addresses the appropriate statistical methods for various research questions and assumptions for specific tests.

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2 views

finalPractice1

The document contains a series of statistical questions and scenarios related to hypothesis testing, probability, and data analysis techniques. It covers topics such as non-parametric alternatives to statistical tests, the analysis of paired versus separate samples, and the evaluation of independence between behavioral and plumage indices in hybrids. Additionally, it addresses the appropriate statistical methods for various research questions and assumptions for specific tests.

Uploaded by

cindyitscindy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. Briefly answer the following:

a. When a data set is not normally distributed, what should you try in order to
appropriately make statistical tests on that data?

b. Why are paired samples analyzed differently than separate samples?

c. What are the non-parametric alternatives to

ANOVA 2-sample t-test correlation

2. Scorpionfly males were raised on either a high nutrient (NH) or low nutrient (NL) food, to test
the prediction that bad conditions causes more developmental problems (as measured by
asymmetric development). Their wings were then measured on both sides, and the absolute value
of the difference between the left wing length and the right wing length was used as a measure of
their asymmetry (Xi). The results were as follows:

sample size 2
∑X i ∑X i

NH males 29 0.9744 0.0427

NL males 34 1.8598 0.1727

Do the appropriate test of the hypothesis, making the necessary assumptions.

3. In Vancouver, the probability of rain during a winter day is 0.58, for a spring day 0.38, for a
summer day 0.25, and in fall the probability of rain per day is 0.53. Each of these seasons lasts
one quarter of the year.

a. What is the probability of rain per day in Vancouver?

b. If you are told that a particular day was raining, what is the probability that that day
was a winter day?

4. A cross of two duck species (mallards and pintails) was made to investigate the behavioral
patterns of hybrids. A behavioural index was calculated for each of 11 male F2 hybrids, and a
plumage index (to measure the condition of their feathers) was also calculated for each of the
birds. Are the behavioral and plumage indices independent? Make, and state, any necessary
assumptions.
2

Male Plumage Index Behavioral Index


R 7 3
S 13 10
D 14 11
F 6 5
W 14 15
K 15 15
U 4 7
O 8 10
V 7 4
J 9 9
L 14 11

∑P = 111 ∑ B = 100
2
∑P 2
= 1277 ∑ B = 1072
∑ PB = 1141

5. What is the best statistical technique for dealing with the following situations and questions?
Be as specific as possible (i.e. “multivariate ANOVA” is a better answer than “ANOVA,” if it is
a more appropriate technique.)

A. Are the nucleotides used in 2 regions of DNA composed of the same proportions of
A, T, C and G?

B. Do grades on homework assignments predict final exam grades?

D. In humans, is hair length different on average between the sexes? (Assume normality
and that the variance of hair length is equal.)

E. Re-answer D., if the distributions were not normal.

F. Data on 412 married couples recorded the amount of weight gain in 10 years after
marriage. Is there a difference in weight gain after marriage in men relative to women?
3

G. This graph presents the distribution of time required to push a button after a stimulus.
Comparing 7 different groups, are all groups the same in their average button-pushing
times?

H. Is the number of chirps per hour of calling birds normally distributed?

I. A study compared the effects of 5 soil types and 6 different fertilizers on corn growth
rate. Is the effect of soil type independent of the effect of fertilizer type?

J. Do men and women have the same variance of final grade averages (if final grades are
normally distributed within sexes)?

6. A biological statistics class was given a test. Immediately after the test was completed, each
student was asked if she or he felt better or worse than before they took the test. Ten reported
feeling better, and two felt worse. Using this sample of twelve students, does taking stats exams
change the average mood of students?

7. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is an enzyme that is thought to play a role in the regulation of
behavior. To see whether different categories of schizophrenic patients have different levels of
MAO activity, researchers collected blood specimens from 42 patients and measured the MAO
activity in the platelets. The means and standard deviations of each group are summarized below.
(Values are expressed as nmol benzylaldehyde product/108 platelets/hour.) Construct the
ANOVA table and test whether these behavioral categories have any differences in MAO
activity. Assume that MAO activity is normally distributed and that each of these groups has
equal variance in MAO activity.
4

Diagnosis Mean MAO SD MAO Activity No. of patients


Activity
Chronic undifferentiated 9.81 3.62 18
schizophrenic
Undifferentiated with 6.28 2.88 16
paranoid features
Paranoid schizophrenic 5.97 3.19 8

8. List the assumptions of the following tests

a. Paired t-test

b. Mann-Whitney U test

c. Linear regression

d. ANOVA

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