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Kangaroo Review

The document contains solutions to various mathematical problems, including percentage increase in cost per cereal bar, maximizing the sum of radii of circular discs, finding the smallest integer for a perfect square, calculating the length in a quarter circle, determining additional socks from leftover wool, maximizing empty squares on a chessboard, and identifying a pattern of blackened points on a coordinate grid. Each problem is followed by a concise solution and answer. The answers include a percentage increase of 25%, a maximum sum of radii of 5, and additional socks possible being 2.

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samuel.gordon1128
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74 views4 pages

Kangaroo Review

The document contains solutions to various mathematical problems, including percentage increase in cost per cereal bar, maximizing the sum of radii of circular discs, finding the smallest integer for a perfect square, calculating the length in a quarter circle, determining additional socks from leftover wool, maximizing empty squares on a chessboard, and identifying a pattern of blackened points on a coordinate grid. Each problem is followed by a concise solution and answer. The answers include a percentage increase of 25%, a maximum sum of radii of 5, and additional socks possible being 2.

Uploaded by

samuel.gordon1128
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Percentage Increase in Cost per Cereal Bar


Question:
John's favorite cereal bars used to come in packets of 5 bars. Now, each packet contains only 4 bars, but
the price remains the same. What is the percentage increase in the cost per bar?

Solution:

● Before: Each packet had 5 bars, so the cost per bar was 1/5 of the packet price.

● Now: Each packet has 4 bars, so the cost per bar is 1/4 of the packet price.

● Percentage increase:

Answer: 25%

2. Largest Possible Value of r1+r2+r3+r4


Question:
Four circular discs with radii r1, r2, r3, r4 are centered at 0, 1, 3, and 6, respectively. The discs may
touch but not overlap. What is the largest possible value of r1+r2+r3+r4?

Solution:

● Since the discs may touch but not overlap, the sum of the radii between two adjacent discs cannot
exceed the distance between their centers.

● This leads to the equation:

r1 + r2 ≤ 1, r2 + r3 ≤ 2, r3 + r4 ≤ 3

● Maximizing each term while satisfying these constraints gives the largest sum.
● The maximum value is 5.

Answer: 5

3. Finding the Smallest NN for Integer Expression


Question:
What is the smallest positive integer N such that is an integer?

Solution:

For this to be an integer, 6N must be a perfect square.

● The prime factorization of 6 is 2×3

● To make 6N a perfect square, N must contribute an additional factor of 2 and 3.

● The smallest N that satisfies this is 6.

Answer: N = 26 × 36

4. Finding the Length of OR in a Quarter Circle


Question:
A quarter-circle with radius r and a right-angled triangle is given. The two gray regions have equal areas.
What is the length of OR?

Solution:
Using area balance conditions, the correct answer is determined from the options.

3r
Answer:
2

5. Knitting Socks with Leftover Wool

Question:
A grandma starts with a wool ball of diameter 20 cm and after knitting 14 socks, the remaining wool ball
has a diameter of 10 cm. How many more socks can she knit?

Solution:
● The volume of a sphere is given by

● Initial volume:

● Remaining volume:

● Wool used for 14 socks:

● Wool used per sock:

● Additional socks possible:

Answer: 2 socks

6. Maximum Number of Empty Squares on a 4×4 Chessboard


Question:
A 4×4 chessboard has 16 kangaroos, one per square. Each turn, all kangaroos jump up, down, left, or
right. After 10 turns, what is the maximum number of empty squares?

Solution:

● Kangaroos can move freely, but they can land in the same square.

● The worst-case scenario is that all kangaroos end up in the same square.

● The maximum number of empty squares would then be 15.

Answer: 15 empty squares

7. Blackened Points on a Coordinate Grid


Question:
On a coordinate grid, some points in the region 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 and 0 ≤ y ≤ 1 are
painted black. A point (x, y) is black if the first digit after the decimal in both xx and
yy is odd. What does the result look like?

Solution:

● The first digit after the decimal must be odd (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) for both xx and yy.

● This means blackened squares appear at intervals of 0.1 in both axes where both coordinates meet
this condition.

● The result looks like a grid of black squares forming a 5×5 pattern within the unit square.

Answer: A 5×5 grid of small black squares inside the unit square.

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