CBSE Class 10 Science

Sample Paper - 4

Maximum Marks: 80
Time Allowed: 3 hours

General Instructions:

i. The question paper comprises three sections – A, B and C. Attempt all the sections.
ii. All questions are compulsory.
iii. Internal choice is given in each section.
iv. All questions in Section A are one-mark questions comprising MCQ, VSA type and
assertion-reason type questions. They are to be answered in one word or in one sentence.
v. All questions in Section B are three-mark, short-answer type questions. These are to be
answered in about 50 - 60 words each.
vi. All questions in Section C are five-mark, long-answer type questions. These are to be
answered in about 80 – 90 words each.
vii. This question paper consists of a total of 30 questions.

Section A

1. Write the formula and then balance the following equation.

Copper (II) sulphate + Oxygen Copper (II) oxide + Sulphur dioxide

2. What is the valency of nitrogen?

3. Answer the questions that follows on the basis of your understanding of the
following paragraph and the related studied concepts:

It is easy to see that solar cooker devices are useful only at certain times during the
day. This limitation of using solar energy is overcome by using solar cells that convert
solar energy into electricity. A typical cell develops a voltage of 0.5–1 V and can
produce about 0.7 W of electricity when exposed to the Sun. A large number of solar

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 cells are, combined in an arrangement called solar cell panel that can deliver enough
electricity for practical use. The principal advantages associated with solar cells are
that they have no moving parts, require little maintenance and work quite
satisfactorily without the use of any focussing device. Another advantage is that they
can be set up in remote and inaccessible hamlets or very sparsely inhabited areas in
which laying of a power transmission line may be expensive and not commercially
viable.

i. What type of source of energy is mentioned in the above picture?

ii. For what purpose solar panels are used?
iii. Write the three advantages of solar cells.
iv. Why solar cooker surface is painted with black colour?

4. Following questions are based on the two tables given below. Study these tables
related to blood sugar levels and answer the questions that follow.
Table A (Blood glucose chart)

Mean Blood Glucose Level (mg/dL)

Doctor's advice needed 380

350

315

280

250

215

Good 180

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 150

Excellent 115

80

50

Table B (Blood Report of Patient X and Y)

Time of check Blood Glucose ranges (mg/dL)

Patient X Patient Y

Before breakfast (Fasting) <100 70-130

Before lunch, supper and snack <110 70-130

Two hours after meals <140 <180

Bedtime <120 90-15

Answer the following questions:

a. Refer to Table B showing the blood report of the levels of glucose of patients X and
Y. Infer the disease which can be diagnosed from the given data.
b. Identify the hormone whose level in the blood is responsible for the above disease.
c. Which one of the following diets would you recommend to the affected patient?
i. High sugar and a low-fat diet.
ii. Low sugar and high protein diet.
iii. High Fat and low fibre diet.
iv. Low sugar and high fibre diet.
d. Refer to Table A and suggest the value of the mean blood glucose level beyond
which doctor’s advice is necessary:
i. 80 mg/dL
ii. 115 mg/dL
iii. 50 mg/dL
iv. 80 mg/dL

5. Which of the following diagrams give a correct picture?

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 a.

b.

c.

d.

OR

In torches, search lights and head lights of vehicles, the bulb is placed:

a. At the centre of curvature

b. Very near to the focus

c. Between the pole and the focus

d. Between the focus and the centre of curvature

6. Floods can be prevented by-

a. Afforestation

b. Tilling the land

c. Cutting the forests

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 d. Removing the top soil

7. The ammeters showing equal current in the following circuit are

a. A3 and A4

b. A1 and A2

c. A2, A3 and A4

d. A1, A2, A3 and A4

8. Chemical formula of baking soda is

a. MgCO3

b. Na2CO3

c. MgSO4

d. NaHCO3

OR

Four students were given colourless liquids A, B, C, of water, lemon juice and a
mixture of water and lemon juice respectively. After testing these liquids with pH
paper, following sequences in colour change of pH paper were reported :
[I] Blue, Red and Green
[II] Orange, Green and Green
[III] Green, Red and Red
[IV] Red, Red and Green
The correct sequence of colourless observed is

a. III

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 b. I

c. II

d. IV

9. An example of man-made ecosystem is:

a. Grassland

b. River

c. Desert

d. Garden

10. Which of the following is non-biodegradable?

a. Cloth

b. Wood

c. Plastic

d. Paper

11. Activated charcoal is used in sugar industry as a:

a. Decolorizing agent

b. Reducing agent

c. Dehydrating agent

d. Oxidizing agent

12. The process of dissolving an acid or base in water is a highly

a. endothermic reaction
b. neutralization reaction
c. displacement reaction

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 d. exothermic reaction

13. Assertion: C8H8 and C4H10 are the successive members of the homologous series of

methane.
Reason: Any two successive members in a homologous series differ in their molecular
formula by a -CH3 unit.

a. Assertion is INCORRECT but, reason is CORRECT.

b. Both assertion and reason are CORRECT but, reason is NOT THE CORRECT
explanation of the assertion.
c. Assertion is CORRECT but, reason is INCORRECT.
d. Both assertion and reason are CORRECT and reason is the CORRECT explanation of
the assertion.

14. Assertion: When the length of a wire is doubled, then its resistance also gets doubled.
Reason : The resistance of a wire is directly proportional to its length.

a. Assertion is INCORRECT but, reason is CORRECT.

b. Both assertion and reason are CORRECT and reason is the CORRECT explanation of
the assertion.
c. Both assertion and reason are CORRECT but, reason is NOT THE CORRECT
explanation of the assertion.
d. Assertion is CORRECT but, reason is INCORRECT.
Section B

15. Why metals replace hydrogen from dilute acids, whereas non-metals do not?

16. Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped
in it?

OR

A solution of substance 'X is used for whitewashing.

i. Name the substance 'X and write its formula.

ii. Write the reaction of the substance X named in (i) above with water.

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17. What is the cause of chemical combination?

18. What is transpiration? List its two functions.

OR

Why does human body urinate more in winter than in summer?

19. Distinguish between real and virtual image in a lens.

20. Draw a well labelled diagram of male reproductive system of human.

21. Mention one function for each of these hormones:

a) Thyroxine
b) Insulin
c) Adrenaline
d) Growth hormone
e) Testosterone

22. An electric heater of resistance 8 Ω draws 15A from service mains for 2 hours.
Calculate the rate at which heat is developed in the heater.

23. What is the resistance between A and B in the network shown in the figure?

24. A copper wire has diameter 0.5 mm and resistivity 1.6 × 10-8 Ω m. what will be the
length of this wire to make its resistance 10 Ω ? How much does the resistance change
if the diameter is doubled?

OR

i. Name the spherical mirror used as:

a. shaving mirror
b. Rear view mirror in vehicles

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 c. Reflection in search-light.
ii. Write any three difference between a real and a virtual image.
Section C
25. i. What is meant by pH?
ii. Water is a neutral substance. What colour will you get when you add a few drops
of universal indicator to a test tube containing distilled water?
iii. Two solutions A and B have pH values of 3.0 and 9.5, respectively. Which of these
will turn litmus solution from blue to red and which will turn phenolphthalein
from colourless to pink?

26. The electrons in the atoms of four elements A, B, C and D are distributed in three
shells having 1, 3, 5 and 7 electrons respectively in their outermost shells. Write the
group numbers in which these elements are placed in the Modern Periodic Table.
Write the electronic configuration of the atoms of B and D and the molecular formula
of the compound formed when B and D combine.

27. What is ATP? Why is it considered energy currency?

28. a. What is variation? How is variation created in a population? How does the
creation of variation in a species promote survival?
b. Explain how, offspring and parents of organisms reproducing sexually have the
same number of chromosomes.

OR

State principle of dominance.

29. Current- time graph from two different sources are shown in the figure.

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 i. Name the type of current shown by graph (A) and (B)?
ii. Name any one source of shown by (A) and (B)?
iii. What is frequency of current in case (B)?
iv. Write two differences between current shown by (A) and (B)?

30. When do we consider a person to be myopic or hypermetropia? List two causes of

hypermetropia. Explain using ray diagrams how the defect associated with
hypermetropia eye can be corrected.

OR

i. What is meant by power of a lens? Define its SI unit.

ii. You have two lenses A and B of focal lengths +10 cm and - 10 cm, respectively.
State the nature and power of each lens. Which of the two lenses will from a
virtual and magnified image of an object placed 8 cm from the lens? Draw a ray
diagram to justify your answer.

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 CBSE Class 10 Science
Sample Paper - 4

Answer
Section A

1.

2. Atomic number of Nitrogen is 7 and its electronic configuration is 2,5. So, Nitrogen
easily accepted 3 electron complete its octaves. So valency of Nitrogen is 3.

3. i. It is a renewable source of energy.

ii. To produce electricity, solar panels are used.
iii. The three advantages of solar cells are as follows:
a. Have no moving parts.
b. Require little maintenance.
c. It can be set up in remote areas.
iv. Solar cooker surface is painted with black because it is better absorber of heat.
4. a. Diabetes
b. (b) Insulin
c. (iv) low sugar high fibre diet
d. (i) 180mg/dL

5. (a)

Explanation: All rays passing parallel to the axis will pass through the focus after
refraction in the lens.

OR

(b) Very near to the focus

Explanation: In torches, search lights and head lights of vehicles, the bulb is placed
very near to the focus. Since the reflector of torches, search lights and head lights are
concave in shape; the reflected light forms a parallel beam and travels a large

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 distance.
6. (a) Afforestation
Explanation: Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an
area where there was no previous tree
cover. Forests can retain excess rainwater, prevent extreme run offs and reduce the damage

from flooding
7. (d) A1, A2, A3 and A4

Explanation: A1 and A2 show same reading. A3 and A4 connected to 2 resistor each, also

carry equal current which is ( ) [Current is divided equally here].

8. (d) NaHCO3

Explanation: Baking soda is called as sodium hydrogencarbonate/sodium bicarbonate.

OR

(a) III
Explanation: The colour of pH paper in water is green, red in lemon juice as well as
in diluted lemon juice.
9. (d) Garden
Explanation: An ecosystem may be classified as a natural ecosystem or a man-made
ecosystem. A garden is an example of a man-made ecosystem. Deserts, rivers and
grasslands are examples of natural ecosystems.
10. (c) Plastic
Explanation: Paper, wood and cloth are biodegradable. Plastic is non-biodegradable.
11. (a) Decolorizing agent
Explanation: Activated charcoal is activated carbon. It is a form of carbon processed to
have small, low-volume pores that increases the surface area available for adsorption or

chemical reactions. Activated charcoal is used as a decolorizing agent in the sugar industry.

12. (d) exothermic reaction Explanation:

Reaction of acid or base with water leads to the decrease in the concentration of ions

(H3O+/OH–) per unit volume. This process is known as dilution.

The procedure of dissolving acid or base in water is highly exothermic reaction.

13. (c) Assertion is CORRECT but, reason is INCORRECT. Explanation: Assertion is

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 CORRECT but, reason is INCORRECT.
14. (b) Both assertion and reason are CORRECT and reason is the CORRECT explanation of
the assertion. Explanation: Both assertion and reason are CORRECT and reason is the
CORRECT explanation of the assertion.
Section B

15. The reason why non-metals do not displace hydrogen from dilute acids is because
unlike metals, non-metals do not have a tendency to lose electrons but to gain
electrons. Metals have a tendency to lose electrons. These electrons, which are readily
lost by reactive metals like sodium, potassium etc are accepted by hydrogen ions of
the acids, reducing them to hydrogen gas (H2)

2H+ + 2e- → H2

However, non-metals do not lose electrons readily, because of which they do not
displace hydrogen from acids. Another important point to note is that not all metals
will displace hydrogen from acids. Only those metals which are reactive than
hydrogen will displace H2 from acid.

16. When an iron nail is dipped in copper sulphate solution, the more reactive iron
displaces the less reactive copper from copper sulphate solution.

In this reaction, the iron nails become brownish in colour and blue colour of copper
sulphate solution fades away.

OR

i. The substance ‘X’ which is used in white washing is calcium oxide or quick lime
and its formula is CaO.
ii. The reaction involve is: CaO(s) + H2O(l) ​ ​ Ca(OH)2 (aq)

17. The cause of chemical combination is the tendency of the atoms of the elements to
attain an octet by gaining, losing or sharing of electrons with other atoms. Also, the
formation of chemical combination between two atoms is accompanied by a decrease
of energy.

18. Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation

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 from aerial parts such as leaves,stems and flowers.
Its functions are:

OR

During winter, metabolism is much higher and more of excretory products are
formed. They are to be eliminated. Moreover, water is lost by perspiration during
summer but in winter, urination is the only way of passing excess water outside.
a. Transporting minerals from the soil to the other parts of the plant.
b. Maintaining turgor pressure and maintaining the temperature of the plant.
19.

Real Image Virtual image

1. The image can be captured on screen 1.The image cannot be captured on

. screen .

2.The image is always inverted 2.The image is always erict.

3. Light ray actually meet to form a real 3.Light ray do not meet to form a Virtual
image. image

20. Male reproductive system

21. (i) Thyroxin- Control overall metabolic rate of the body (carbohydrate, protein and fat
metabolism)
(ii) Insulin- Conversion of glucose to glycogen in liver and muscles, thus decreases
blood glucose level.
(iii) Adrenalin- increases heart beat, blood pressure and blood glucose level.

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 (iv) Growth hormone- Body growth and development of bones.
(v) Testosterone- Development of male sex organ sand secondary sex characteristics
like moustache, beard & voice.

22. Rate at which heat is developed in the heater is its power.

P= I2R = (15)2(8) = 225 × 8 or P = 1800W or Js-1

1,800 J of heat is developed per second.

23. The point C is connected to B and the point D is connected to A. Therefore, three
identical resistors, each having resistance R, are connected in parallel and the
equivalent circuit diagram is shown in the figure. If the equivalent resistance is R
then

=
R' =

24. d = 0.5 mm = 0.5 × 10-3m = 5 × 10-4m; = 1.6× 10-8Ω m, l = ?; R = 10 Ω

If the diameter of wire is doubled, resistance will become th of the original (since
R ∝ or R ∝ ).

i. a) Shaving mirror- Concave mirror

b) Rear view mirror - Convex mirror
c) Reflection in search-lights - Concave mirror.
ii. The three differences are:
a) Real image can be obtained on screen but a virtual image cannot be obtained.
b) Reflected/Refracted rays actually meet where the real image is formed while for

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 virtual they only appear to meet.
c) A Real image is always inverted while the virtual image is always erect.
Decrease of resistance will be 10 – = 7.5 ohm

OR

Section C
25. i. The p in pH stands for "potenz" which means power in German. pH is a number
which indicates the acidic or basic nature of a solution.
ii. Water will turn universal indicator solution green as its pH value is 7.
iii. As the pH value of solution A is 3.0, i.e. acidic in nature hence, it turns litmus
solution from blue to red and phenolphthalein indicator in basic medium change
its color to pink.
26.
Elements Outermost electrons Group No.

A 1 1st

B 3 13​th

C 5 15th

D 7 17th

The electronic configuration of B = 2, 8, 3 and D = 2, 8, 7

The valency of B is 3 and valency of D is 1. Therefore when B and D combine, the
molecular formula is BD3.

27. ATP: ATP is the energy currency for most cellular processes. The energy released
during the process of respiration is used to make an ATP molecule from ADP and
inorganic phosphate.

ADP + P ADP-P-ATP

Endothermic processes in the cell then use this ATP to drive the reactions. When the
terminal phosphate linkage in ATP is broken using water, the energy equivalent to
30.5 kJ/mol is released.
Think of how a battery can provide energy for many different kinds of uses. It can be

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 used to obtain mechanical energy, light energy, electrical energy and so on. Similarly,
ATP can be used in the cells for the contraction of muscles, protein synthesis,
conduction of nervous impulses and many other activities.

28. OR

Law of dominance is known as the first law of inheritance. Each character is

controlled by distinct units called factors, which occur in pairs. If the pairs are
heterozygous, one will always dominate the other.
Law of dominance explains that in a monohybrid cross between a pair of contrasting
traits, only one parental character will be expressed in F1 generation and both are
expressed in F2 generation in the ratio 3:1. The one which expressed in F1 generation
is called dominant trait and the one which is suppressed is called recessive trait. In
simple words, the law of dominance states that recessive traits are always dominated
or masked by dominant trait.
The law can be well explained by the monohybrid cross by studying the following
crosses:

a. The Occurrence of differences between organisms is called variation. Genetic

variation can be caused by mutation which can create entirely new alleles in a
population. Speech having suitable variations have more chances of survival in
case of change in environmental conditions.
b. Offspring and parents of organism reproducing sexually have the same number of
chromosomes because in sexually reproducing organisms male and female
gametes/reproductive cells with only half the number of chromosomes (as in the
parent cell) are produced. During fertilization, when male and female gametes
fuse to give rise to a zygote, original number of chromosomes are restored.
c. Pure tall = TT, Hybrid tall = Tt
Gametes of TT parent = T+ T
Gametes of Tt parent = T+ t
The 50% are pure tall and 50% hybrid tall. Then pure tall plants will produce 100%
tall in F2 generation and hybrid plants will produce in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 1 in the F2

generation.
d. When the cross is made between pure tall and pure dwarf, we get results as

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 follows

29.

Its magnitude is constant and Its magnitude and direction

flows in one direction only. reserves periodically.

The frequency of D. C. is zero. The frequency of A. C. is non-zero.

i. Graph A represent D.C. and graph B represent A.C.

ii. Source of (A) - Dry cell
Source of (B) - A.C. generator
iii. For graph

iv.

30. Myopia: The defect of an eye in which it cannot see the distant objects clearly is called
myopia. A person with myopia can see nearby objects clearly.
Hypermetropia: Hypermetropia is also known as long-sightedness. In this defect, a
person can see the distant objects clearly but cannot see the nearby objects clearly.
Causes of Hypermetropia:

In hypermetropia, the image of a distant object is formed behind the retina and not on
the retina. The defect is corrected by using the Convex lens of suitable power so that
the lens will bring the image back on to the retina. The ray diagram of hypermetropia
eye are as follows:

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 OR

The ability of a lens to converge or diverge light rays is called power of the lens. It is
defined as the reciprocal of focal length. It's SI unit is dioptre (D). If focal length is
expressed in metres, then power is expressed in dioptre. We can say, dioptre is the
power of a lens whose focal length is one metre. For concave lens P and f are
negative. For convex lens P and f are positive. Lens A of focal length + 10 cm is convex
lens
and power, P =

Lens B of focal length - 10 cm is concave lens

and power, P =

Lens A (i.e. convex lens) will form a virtual and magnified image of an object placed 8
cm from it, as shown.

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i. The focal length of the eye lens is too long.
ii. The eyeball has become too small.

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