1.

What is the main difference between the measurement of ICT systems and other
systems?
a. ICT measures focus solely on physical components.
b. ICT measures are related to data performance, which is abstract.
c. ICT measures do not consider input and output data.
d. ICT measures are not applicable to artificial systems.

2. How an ICT functional model is typically described?

a. As an open system with visible internal components.
b. As a black box with data input and output.
c. As a system with no controllers.
d. As a white box with no visible components.

3. Which of the following is NOT an example of an ICT QoS controller?

a. Scheduler
b. Smoother
c. Data collector
d. Load balancer

4. What are the elementary types of services offered by an ICT system?

a. Data processing, data transport, and multimedia
b. Data storage, data retrieval, and multimedia
c. Data processing, data transport, and data storage
d. Data processing, data retrieval, and data storage

5. How are ICT system performances traditionally assessed?

a. By measuring the energy consumption of the system.
b. By observing the deviation between user requests and responses.
c. By analyzing the physical components of the system.
d. By evaluating the number of controllers implemented.

6. What concept is defined as a measure of an attribute or a combination of attribute

measures that provides pertinent information?
a. Metric
b. Deviation
c. Quality
d. Throughput

7. Which of the following is an example of an ICT metric.

a. Data storage capacity
b. Energy consumption rate
c. System latency
 d. Number of controllers implemented

8. What is response time in the context of ICT systems?

a. The time taken for data transmission between servers.
b. The time taken for data processing within the system.
c. The delay between service request arrival time and service response availability.
d. The time taken for energy consumption to reach a peak level.

9. What factors can influence response time in ICT systems?

a. Type of service and availability of controllers.
b. Type of service and data amount in the request.
c. Energy consumption and system latency.
d. Number of devices and network bandwidth.

10. Which term is sometimes used interchangeably with response time?

a. Bandwidth
b. Throughput
c. Delay
d. Latency

11. How is delay calculated in ICT systems?

a. By measuring the energy consumption of the system.
b. By synchronizing clocks of different devices.
c. By analyzing the physical components of the system.
d. By evaluating the number of controllers implemented.

12. Why is it necessary to synchronize clocks or use the same clock when calculating
delay?
a. To measure energy consumption accurately.
b. To ensure data security within the system.
c. To calculate the response time between different services.
d. To avoid discrepancies in timing between measurement devices.

13. Which of the following statements is true regarding response time in ICT systems?
a. It remains constant regardless of the type of service or data amount.
b. It depends solely on the availability of controllers in the system.
c. It is calculated based on the number of devices in the network.
d. It can vary depending on the type of service and the amount of data in the
request.

Questions from Service of Data Processing

14. What specific metrics characterize the service of data processing?
a. Bandwidth and jitter
b. Processing capacity and processing quality
 c. Packet loss rate and jitter
d. Storage capacity and data throughput

15. How is processing capacity defined?

a. It is the maximum throughput accepted by the path.
b. It is the maximum number of requests per time unit that could be processed
without loss.
c. It is the accuracy of the results obtained from processing.
d. It is the variation in delay between successive requests.

16. What is the purpose of measuring processing quality?

a. To determine the delay variation between successive requests.
b. To assess the reliability of a communication network path.
c. To compare the quality of reference and received signals.
d. To evaluate the accuracy of the results obtained from processing.

Questions from Service of Data Transport

17. Which metrics are associated with the data transport service?
a. Processing capacity and processing quality
b. Bandwidth, jitter, and packet loss rate
c. Storage capacity and data throughput
d. Available bandwidth and path capacity

18. How is the reliability of a communication network path expressed?

a. By the total throughput accepted by the path.
b. By the delay variation between successive requests.
c. By the number of packets not received divided by the total number of packets
sent.
d. By comparing the quality of reference and received signals.

Questions from Service of Data Storage

19. What are the two metrics involved in data storage?

a. Data capacity and processing speed
b. Storage capacity and data integrity
c. Storage capacity and data throughput
d. Data throughput and data redundancy

20. Why is the storage capacity difficult to measure using the service black box
approach?
a. It requires specialized equipment
b. It involves complex mathematical calculations
 c. It relies on specific requests to provide information
d. It depends on the efficiency of read and write operations

21. How is the data throughput measured for a write operation?

a. By counting the maximum amount of data the service outputs per time unit
b. By considering the time required for data retrieval
c. By integrating gaps between storage units
d. By counting the maximum amount of data the service accepts per time unit

22. What consideration is important when measuring data throughput for read
operations?
a. The efficiency of storage compression techniques
b. The time required for data storage initialization
c. The size of the storage capacity
d. The time unit used must integrate gaps between storage units

Questions from Multimedia Service

23. What method is used to compare the quality of multimedia data in the full
reference (FR) method?
a. Comparing the quality of the received signal with a degraded signal.
b. Comparing the quality of the received signal with a perfect signal.
c. Identifying characteristics of a conversation without information about the
reference signal.
d. Assessing the accuracy and repeatability of multimedia data.

24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a key environmental impact of the
ICT sector?
a. Chemical substances in electronic products
b. Energy consumption
c. Noise pollution
d. Water scarcity

Questions from Ecological Measures and Ethical Consideration

25. What is a key performance indicator (KPI) in the context of environmental impact
assessment?
a. A measure used to quantify and evaluate an organization's environmental
performance
b. A metric used to evaluate financial performance
c. A measure used to assess employee satisfaction
d. A metric used to determine market share
26. According to the 2012 ITU-T report, what are the three steps in defining
environmental KPIs?
a. Defining the needs, identifying relevant KPIs, and verifying third-party data
b. Setting targets, measuring performance, and reporting results
c. Conducting research, analyzing data, and presenting findings
d. Creating awareness, implementing strategies, and evaluating outcomes

27. Which category is NOT mentioned as a classification for environmental KPIs?

a. Pollution
b. Technology
c. Earth’s resources
d. Ethics

28. Which example illustrates the standardization of remote control architecture for
digital communities, intelligent building groups, and digital metropolitan
networks?
a. ISO 14031
b. European Telecommunication Standards Institute
c. IEEE P1888
d. Carbon Disclosure Project

Questions from ICT Impact on Pollution

29. What is a potential consequence of improper management of hazardous substances

during the life cycle of electronic products?
a. Increased efficiency in recycling processes
b. Reduction in health risks for workers
c. Pollution of soil, atmosphere, water, and landscape
d. Decrease in electronic waste generation

30. What significant impact does the energy consumed by the ICT sector have on the
environment?
a. Reduction in carbon emissions
b. Increase in air quality
c. Generation of carbon emissions leading to air and thermal pollution
d. Preservation of natural resources

31. Which example illustrates the logistical chain considered in estimating energy
consumption for the installation of a base transceiver station (BTS)?
a. Use of solar panels to power the BTS
b. Transportation of energy-efficient equipment
c. Fuel consumption for electricity generation, cooling systems, and transportation
d. Implementation of energy-saving measures in data centers
32. According to Emerson Network Power (2009), what are the two categories of
energy use in data centers?
a. Supply side and demand side
b. Renewable and non-renewable
c. Primary and secondary
d. Operational and maintenance

33. What is electrosmog?

a. Chemical pollution emitted by electronic equipment
b. Biological contamination caused by electronic devices
c. Electromagnetic radiation emitted by electronic equipment
d. Thermal pollution generated by electronic devices

34. Which organizations have studied the health effects of radio waves?
a. International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection
b. World Health Organization
c. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
d. All of the above

35. What is SAR?

a. Specific Antenna Radius
b. Specific Absorption Rate
c. Signal Absorption Ratio
d. Signal Attenuation Rate

36. What is one proposed method to limit electrosmog?

a. Increasing the power of wireless network antennas
b. Using higher frequencies for transmission
c. Implementing base stations and mobile phones with high power transmissions
d. Using cognitive radio for automatic detection of available channels

37. What is the purpose of the smart antenna technique?

a. To increase electromagnetic pollution
b. To remove interferences in wireless communication
c. To reduce the number of base stations
d. To decrease energy consumption

38. Which aspect of pollution induced by ICT is not mentioned in the context of green
ICT?
a. Light pollution
b. Noise pollution
c. Air pollution
d. Thermal pollution
39. What is the computer vision syndrome defined by the American Optometric
Association?
a. A condition caused by excessive use of electronic devices
b. A syndrome related to radio wave exposure
c. A disorder caused by exposure to chemical pollutants
d. A reaction to noise pollution from electronic devices

40. What recommendation has been made to limit paper documents and preserve the
environment?
a. Increase the use of paper documents
b. Limit the use of electronic documents
c. Systematically use electronic documents
d. None of the above

41. How can noise pollution generated by cell phones in public areas impact quality
of life?
a. By causing electromagnetic hypersensitivity
b. By affecting the esthetic environment
c. By causing sleep disorders and headaches
d. By increasing light pollution

42. What are the three pillars of sustainable development that the design of green ICT
solutions should integrate?
a. Profit, people, and privacy
b. Planet, profit, and privacy
c. Planet, profit, and people
d. Profit, privacy, and performance

43. According to Herold (2006), when did consideration of computer ethics

fundamentally emerge?
a. With the invention of computers
b. During the industrial revolution
c. With the birth of the internet
d. With the birth of computers

44. What are the social responsibilities of an ICT company toward its customers?
a. Exaggerate the performance of proposed solutions
b. Install cookies to obtain customer data
c. Provide safe and durable products and efficient after-sale services
d. Withhold information about application content

45. What is one of the rules regarding privacy and anonymity that an ICT company
should follow?
a. Install cookies to obtain customer data
b. Exaggerate the performance of proposed solutions
 c. Clearly define rules regarding privacy and anonymity
d. Withhold information about application content

46. What should an ICT company do to promote environmental responsibility among

ICT users?
a. Install more equipment
b. Encourage the use of disposable products
c. Educate users to respect the environment and develop good habits
d. Ignore environmental concerns

47. How does an ethical approach positively impact the planet pillar of sustainable
development?
a. By increasing pollution
b. By ignoring environmental concerns
c. By promoting fair business practices
d. By prioritizing profit over environmental protection

48. What impact does ethical guidelines have on ICT companies producing solutions?
a. They hinder production processes
b. They ensure compliance with the people pillar of sustainable development
c. They prioritize profit over ethical considerations
d. They limit innovation
49. Which aspect is NOT mentioned as a social responsibility toward the community
for ICT companies?
a. Promoting fair business practices
b. Educating ICT users to respect the environment
c. Analyzing the impact of ICT on society and individuals
d. Encouraging the use of unlicensed software

Questions from Systems Engineering for Designing Sustainable ICT-Based

Architectures
50. What is the objective of the system engineering process?
a. To manufacture ICT products
b. To analyze the performances of ICT architectures
c. To install ICT architecture in France
d. To estimate the recyclability of ICT devices

51. What are the pillars analyzed in the system engineering process regarding ICT
architectures?
a. Ecology, ethics, and economics
b. Technology, environment, and efficiency
c. Security, sustainability, and social responsibility
d. Profitability, privacy, and productivity

52. What are the intermediate requirements under the ecology pillar?
a. Estimate the recyclability of ICT devices, control anonymity and privacy of ICT
users, calculate the energy cost of ICT architecture
b. Estimate the recyclability of ICT devices, radio wave emission, ICT carbon
emission
 c. Control anonymity and privacy of ICT users, calculate the energy cost of ICT
architecture, estimate the recyclability of ICT devices
d. Radio wave emission, ICT carbon emission, control anonymity and privacy of
ICT users

53. What is the requirement under the ethic pillar?

a. Estimate the recyclability of ICT devices
b. Control anonymity and privacy of ICT users with appropriate data access policy
c. Calculate the energy cost of ICT architecture
d. Analyze the performances of ICT architectures
List the requirement under the ethic pillar?
e. A. Estimate the Recyclability of ICT Devices
f. B. Control Anonymity and Privacy of ICT Users with Appropriate Data Access
Policy
g. C. Calculate the Energy Cost of ICT Architecture
h. D. Analyze the performances of ICT architectures

54. What are the types of switches used in the ICT architecture?
a. Cisco 3560 PoE-24 ports switches
b. Cisco 3650 PoE-48 ports switches
c. Huawei switches
d. Dell switches

55. For how many years is the ICT architecture planned?

a. Three years
b. Five years
c. Seven years
d. Ten years

Questions from ICT Expertise and Results

56. What are the main system requirements defined by the expert in systems
engineering?
a. Estimating IT wastes, radio wave emission, and carbon emission
b. Implementing information access rights
c. Evaluating energy consumption and energy cost
d. Measuring ICT energy consumption and converting it to CO2

57. What is the purpose of the system requirement "IT_Energy_Consumption"?

a. To estimate IT wastes
b. To measure radio wave emission
c. To evaluate energy consumption of the ICT architecture
d. To implement information access rights

58. How is carbon emission calculated according to the system requirements?

a. By measuring radio wave emission
 b. By converting energy consumption to CO2 using conversion tables
c. By evaluating energy cost
d. By estimating IT wastes

59. What is emphasized regarding the role of the expert in systems engineering in
proposing ICT solutions?
a. They have no competence in the ICT domain
b. They solely determine system requirements
c. They provide knowledge to bridge gaps between stakeholder requirements and
ICT constraints
d. They are responsible for designing ICT architectures

60. What is the aim of the knowledge brought by ICT experts in the design process?
a. To solely focus on system requirements
b. To bridge gaps between stakeholder requirements, system, and ICT
architectural constraints
c. To propose ICT solutions independently of stakeholder requirements
d. To define requirements without considering ICT architectural constraints

61. What is the purpose of the system requirement "Ratio_Euro_kWh"?

a. To measure ICT energy consumption
b. To convert energy consumption to CO2
c. To evaluate energy cost according to national electricity prices
d. To estimate IT wastes

62. What is the framework for the systems engineering project based on?
a. Sequential engineering approaches
b. Model-based integrative approach
c. Traditional solution-focused approach
d. Functional design approach

63. What is the goal of the systems engineering project framework?

a. To focus first on solution issues
b. To check compliance of system requirements to stakeholder’s requirements
c. To execute models for verification and validation
d. To design specific components before exploring the problem

64. How does the systems engineering project framework differ from traditional
sequential engineering approaches?
a. It focuses first on solution issues
b. It utilizes a concurrent, recursive, and iterative process
c. It relies solely on architect allocation of components
d. It does not utilize models for verification and validation

65. What are the recommended best practices in industry regarding the use of models
for verification and validation?
a. Sequential modeling
 b. Tool-independent exchange of simulation models
c. Solution-focused modeling
d. Architect allocation of components

66. How do PERCCOM students execute their system specification?

a. By allocating specific components
b. By utilizing SysML-based tools like Sysml-Harmony
c. By focusing on solution issues first
d. By using traditional sequential engineering approaches

67. What is the objective of transforming models with Sysml-Harmony?

a. To execute simulation models
b. To allocate commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components
c. To train students for ongoing developments
d. To verify and validate measurable requirements

68. What approach does the systems engineering project framework emphasize?
a. Solution-focused approach
b. Sequential engineering approach
c. Concurrent, recursive, and iterative process
d. Traditional engineering approach

69. What is the focus of the systems engineering project framework in contrast to
traditional sequential engineering approaches?
a. Component solution integration
b. Architect allocation of components
c. Solution issues
d. Stakeholder requirements

70. What is emphasized in the systems engineering project framework regarding

system design?
a. Sequential process
b. Recursive process
c. Concurrent process
d. Iterative process

71. What is the main emphasis of using models in the systems engineering project
framework?
a. To design specific components
b. To allocate commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components
c. To verify and validate measurable requirements
d. To focus on solution issues

72. How is the ICT system assessed according to the study?

a. Only based on carbon emission
b. Only based on energy cost
c. Only based on reliability
 d. In a global way considering intrinsic performances including metrics.

Questions from Ecoefficiency Metrics

73. What method is used to represent ecoefficiency metrics in the study?

a. Bar chart
b. Line chart
c. Radar diagram
d. Pie chart
74. How are various kinds of information brought together in ecoefficiency metrics?
a. Through a global equation
b. Through a pie chart
c. Through a radar diagram
d. Through a line chart
75. What is the purpose of using a radar diagram in the study?
a. To emphasize the interest points
b. To highlight the network performance
c. To compare different ICT architectures
d. To demonstrate the global view of ecoefficiency metrics

76. What does each MoP correspond to in the radar diagram?

a. A point on the radar
b. An axis of the radar
c. A bar on the chart
d. A line on the chart
77. Where should the MoP results ideally be located on the radar diagram?
a. Close to the edge of the radar
b. Close to the center of the radar
c. Above the specification line
d. Below the specification line

78. What indicates the best solution on the radar diagram?

a. MoP results close to the edge of the radar
b. MoP results close and beneath the specification line
c. MoP results close to the centre of the radar
d. MoP results above the specification line

79. How are all axes normalized in the radar diagram?

a. By emphasizing the interest points
b. By highlighting the network performance
c. By making all axes equal in length
d. By representing different MoPs

80. What is the purpose of the radar diagram in analyzing network solutions?
a. To make the analysis easier for the designer and the customer
b. To complicate the analysis for the designer and the customer
c. To emphasize the interest points
 d. To highlight the network performance
81. What Is the Purpose of The System Requirement “IT Energy Consumption”?
A. To Estimate IT Wastes
B. To Measure Radio Wave Emission
C. To Evaluate Energy Consumption of The ICT Architecture
D. To implement information access rights
82. Outline the objective of transforming models with Sysml-Harmony
A To execute simulation models
B To allocate commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components
C To train students for ongoing developments
D To verify and validate measurable requirements
83.Which of the following technologies, when combined with cloud computing, can provide a
sociotechnical conceptualization for sustainable distributed computing?
A. Virtual reality
B. Blockchain
C. Grid computing
D. Artificial intelligence
84.What is the primary benefit of using Green ICT for companies?
A. Reduced energy costs
B. Increased employee satisfaction
C. Improved corporate image
D. Enhanced competitiveness
85.Which of the following green data processing techniques helps to optimize data storage and
reduce the overall storage footprint?
A. Data compression
B. Cloud networking computing
C. Virtualization
D. Energy-efficient
86.Which one of the following is not the Advantages of Green Computing?
A More sophisticated recycling processes
B Waste reduction
C Increase in resource depletion problem
D Less pollution
87.Identify which of the following strategies for green multimedia services aims to minimize
energy usage by managing the entire lifecycle of data
A. Data deduplication
B. Data lifecycle management
C. Energy-efficient algorithms
D. Cloud-based data processing
88.An average laptop uses _______ energy as a desktop PC.
A. Two times more energy
B. Half as energy
C. Full energy
D. Three times more
89.Show which if the following operating system is considered as the most green
A. Windows Vista
B. Windows XP
C. Linux
D. Apple's OS X
90.Screen savers make your computer monitor
A. Consume battery life
B. Last longer
C. Stay active
D. None of the above
91.Identify the technology designed to automatically move data between different storage tiers
based on its usage patterns and energy efficiency
A. Solid-state drives (SSD)
B. Tiered storage
C. Data encryption
D. RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
92.Outline the role of virtualization in green IT data storage services
A. It encrypts data for security.
B. It reduces hardware requirements and energy consumption.
C. It duplicates data to prevent loss.
D. It increases data access speeds.
93.Which of the following practices involves using software to manage and optimize the power
usage of IT hardware?
A. Green data centers
B. Power management software
C. Cloud computing
D. Data archiving
94.Which of the following techniques helps in reducing the environmental impact of disposing
IT equipment?
A. Data encryption
B. E-waste recycling
C. Data compression
D. Load balancing
95.Show why is it important for ICT companies to ensure ethical sourcing of materials
A. To increase the cost of production
B. To guarantee the use of conflict minerals
C. To support fair labor practices and reduce environmental impact
D. To delay product development
96.What is the ethical issue associated with the disposal of electronic waste in developing
countries?
A. Providing cheaper labor for recycling
B. Contributing to environmental degradation and health hazards
C. Reducing the overall cost of waste management
D. Increasing employment opportunities
97.Identify which of the following is a technical measure used to enhance data security in ICT
systems
A. Data compression
B. Data encryption
C. Data redundancy
D. Data visualization
98.Which technology helps in improving the efficiency and speed of data retrieval from
databases?
A. Data encryption
B. Data indexing
C. Data masking
D. Data migration
99.What concept is defined as a measure of an attribute or a combination of attribute measures
that provide pertinent information?
A. Metric
B. Deviation
C. Quality
D. Throughput
100.Outline the purpose of implementing a firewall in a network
A. To compress data for storage
B. To block unauthorized access and protect the network
C. To create data backups
D. To analyze network performance
101.What are the two metrics involved in data storage?
A. Data capacity and processing speed
B. Storage capacity and data integrity
C. Storage capacity and data throughput
D. Data throughput and data redundancy
102.Identify the main function of a Virtual Private Network (VPN)
A. To increase the physical storage space
B. To provide a secure and encrypted connection over a public network
C. To reduce data redundancy
D. To enhance graphics processing
103.Which of the following technical measures is used to ensure data availability and disaster
recovery?
A. Data masking
B. Data replication
C. Data compression
D. Data encryption
104.What responsibility do focal companies have in the supply chain, according to the text?
A Providing cloud computing services
B Ensuring sustainable supply chain management
C Designing green computing infrastructure
D Developing environmental reporting systems
Show how can cloud computing benefit small business organizations, according to the text.
A. By reducing their need for computing power
B By making them less competitive with larger organizations
C By increasing their access to computing power and enhancing their competitiveness
D By requiring substantial upfront investment in hardware resources
Which cloud computing platform is mentioned as the basis for the CloudBIM prototype?
A. Google Cloud Platform
B. Amazon Web Services
C. CometCloud
D. Microsoft Azure
What is the aim of the Busan Smart+Connected Communities project?
A To improve transportation infrastructure
B To promote tourism in the region
C To deliver social, economic, and environmental sustainability
D To establish Busan as a global financial hub Answer
Which cloud computing software is likely to be adopted by CERN to update its data
management operations, according to the text?
A Amazon Web Services (AWS)
B Google Cloud Platform
C Microsoft Azure
D OpenStack
Select a primary technique through which cloud computing saves energy, according to the text.
A Virtual machine consolidation and migration
B Renewable energy sources for data centers
C Increased hardware redundancy
D Manual optimization of cooling systems

1. What is the primary challenge associated with the use of green cloud computing? a)
Minimizing energy use b) Ensuring data security c) Enhancing awareness of
environmental issues d) Improving quality of service Answer: a) Minimizing energy
use
2. Which of the following is NOT listed as a challenge in energy-aware dynamic
resource allocation? a) Impact of power cycling on server reliability b) Accurate
timekeeping within virtual machines c) Interruption of energy affecting service
quality d) Inability of VMs to record physical machine behavior Answer: d) Inability
of VMs to record physical machine behavior
3. What role does QoS-aware resource selection play in cloud computing? a) It
minimizes energy use b) It enhances awareness of environmental issues c) It improves
quality of service d) It optimizes virtual network topologies Answer: c) It improves
quality of service
4. What is one of the challenges in cloud data management mentioned in the text? a)
Lack of government involvement b) Accumulation of large amounts of data c)
Insufficient security measures d) Limited interoperability between cloud systems
Answer: b) Accumulation of large amounts of data
5. Which industry group is mentioned as working on creating standards for interoperable
cloud platforms? a) The Open Grid Forum b) The Cloud Computing Consortium c)
The Virtualization Standards Association d) The Cloud Interoperability Alliance
Answer: a) The Open Grid Forum
6. What aspect of security is highlighted as significant, especially for government data?
a) Data encryption techniques b) Identity management and authentication c) Secure
data migration protocols d) Cloud service provider reliability Answer: b) Identity
management and authentication
7. What type of agreements should cloud customers evaluate in terms of parameters such
as data protection and outage? a) Service-Level Agreements (SLAs) b) End-User
License Agreements (EULAs) c) Terms of Service (ToS) agreements d) Non-
Disclosure Agreements (NDAs) Answer: a) Service-Level Agreements (SLAs

8. Which of the following technologies, when combined with cloud computing, can
provide a sociotechnical conceptualization for sustainable distributed computing? a)
Virtual reality b) Blockchain c) Grid computing d) Artificial intelligence Answer: c)
Grid computing
9. What are the main criteria provided by the hexagon model for assessing business
sustainability in cloud computing? a) Consumers, investors, popularity b) Valuation,
innovation, get the job done (GTJD) c) Scalability, self-organization, sustainability d)
People, planet, profit Answer: b) Valuation, innovation, get the job done (GTJD)

10. What responsibility do focal companies have in the supply chain, according to the
text? a) Providing cloud computing services b) Ensuring sustainable supply chain
management c) Designing green computing infrastructure d) Developing
environmental reporting systems Answer: b) Ensuring sustainable supply chain
management

11. How can cloud computing benefit small business organizations, according to the text?
a) By reducing their need for computing power b) By making them less competitive
with larger organizations c) By increasing their access to computing power and
enhancing their competitiveness d) By requiring substantial upfront investment in
hardware resources Answer: c) By increasing their access to computing power and
enhancing their competitiveness
12. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of innovative applications
enabled by cloud computing? a) Real-time, location-aware mobile interactive
applications b) Parallel batch processing for data analysis c) Traditional desktop
applications d) Business analytics for customer behavioral analysis Answer: c)
Traditional desktop applications

13. What specific data representation is utilized in the architecture described for a cloud
computing prototype in the AEC sector? a) 2-D CAD models b) Building Information
Model (BIM) c) Geographic Information System (GIS) d) Project management
spreadsheets Answer: b) Building Information Model (BIM)

14. Which cloud computing platform is mentioned as the basis for the CloudBIM
prototype? a) Google Cloud Platform b) Amazon Web Services c) CometCloud d)
Microsoft Azure Answer: c) CometCloud

15. What are the main elements included in the CloudBIM prototype architecture? a)
Servers, databases, and clients b) Clients, masters, and workers c) Virtual machines,
storage, and networking components d) Firewalls, load balancers, and routers
Answer: b) Clients, masters, and workers

16. How can social sustainability be achieved through the use of social networks,
according to the text? a) By providing free internet access to underserved
communities b) By connecting businesses with potential customers c) By supporting
youth-led action, social entrepreneurship, and environmental initiatives d) By
facilitating government services online Answer: c) By supporting youth-led action,
social entrepreneurship, and environmental initiatives

17. What is the aim of the Busan Smart+Connected Communities project? a) To improve
transportation infrastructure b) To promote tourism in the region c) To deliver social,
economic, and environmental sustainability d) To establish Busan as a global
financial hub Answer: c) To deliver social, economic, and environmental
sustainability
18. Which US government agencies have introduced cloud computing, according to the
text? a) Department of Defense and Department of Homeland Security b) Department
of Justice and Department of Education c) General Services Administration and
National Aeronautics and Space Administration d) Environmental Protection Agency
and Department of Agriculture Answer: c) General Services Administration and
National Aeronautics and Space Administration

19. What is the aim of the Cumulus project established at the Steinbuch Centre for
Computing of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)? a) To provide virtual
infrastructures for scientific research b) To develop cloud computing solutions for
business management c) To create a platform for social networking d) To enhance
satellite imagery for environmental monitoring Answer: a) To provide virtual
infrastructures for scientific research

20. Which cloud computing software is likely to be adopted by CERN to update its data
management operations, according to the text? a) Amazon Web Services (AWS) b)
Google Cloud Platform c) Microsoft Azure d) OpenStack Answer: d) OpenStack

21. What is the aim of the Cloud Energy and Emissions Research Model (CLEER)
developed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Northwestern University?
a) To assess the net energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of cloud
computing b) To model climate change impacts on cloud computing infrastructure c)
To optimize energy usage in traditional data centers d) To develop cloud-based
solutions for renewable energy production Answer: a) To assess the net energy
consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of cloud computing

22. What is the primary technique through which cloud computing saves energy,
according to the text? a) Virtual machine consolidation and migration b) Renewable
energy sources for data centers c) Increased hardware redundancy d) Manual
optimization of cooling systems Answer: a) Virtual machine consolidation and
migration

23. What is the purpose of the Eye on Earth environmental information sharing system
developed by the European Environment Agency (EEA)? a) To monitor space debris
b) To track wildlife migration patterns c) To share environmental data and
information d) To manage agricultural water supply Answer: c) To share
environmental data and information
24. Which technology involves a large network of computers used to create large
supercomputing resources? a) Grid computing b) Virtualization c) Autonomic
computing d) Utility computing Answer: a) Grid computing

25. What is the foundation of cloud computing, enabling users to access servers without
knowing details of those servers? a) Grid computing b) Virtualization c) Autonomic
computing d) Utility computing Answer: b) Virtualization

26. What term defines a "pay-per-use" model for using computing services? a) Grid
computing b) Virtualization c) Autonomic computing d) Utility computing Answer:
d) Utility computing

27. In autonomic computing, what does the term "autonomic" refer to? a) Large network
of computers b) Self-management of computers c) Systematic framework for
application-to-application interaction d) Service descriptions and discovery Answer:
b) Self-management of computers

28. Which technology simplifies application-to-application interaction using a systematic

framework based on existing Web protocols and open XML standards? a) Grid
computing b) Virtualization c) Autonomic computing d) Web services Answer: d)
Web services

29. What are some examples of potential applications of cloud computing in different
industries? a) Global data resource access, low-cost simulation experiments, real-time
health monitoring b) Online gaming, social media networking, e-commerce c) Oil
drilling, space exploration, underwater robotics d) Agriculture, construction,
transportation Answer: a) Global data resource access, low-cost simulation
experiments, real-time health monitoring

30. What role does the European Union (EU) envision for cloud computing in its global
ecosystem? a) Providing supporting tools for building and supporting new platforms
b) Enhancing the capabilities of products and services offered by European industry c)
Offering new features to support cloud employment and improve adoption of cloud
computing d) All of the above Answer: d) All of the above
31. How can cloud computing contribute to supply chain coordination? a) By providing
access to global data resources b) By enabling rapid prototyping and collaborative
design c) By offering new features for cloud employment d) By enhancing the
capabilities of European industry Answer: b) By enabling rapid prototyping and
collaborative design

32. What did India spend on green IT in 2013, according to the text? a) 18.2 million b)
18.2 billion c) 18.2 trillion d) 18.2 quadrillion Answer: b) 18.2 billion
33. According to the study by Global e-Sustainability Initiative and Microsoft, what is the
focus of India's spending on green IT? a) Developing renewable energy sources b)
Implementing sustainable agriculture practices c) Running services d) Building eco-
friendly infrastructure Answer: c) Running services

34. How can cloud computing contribute to sustainability? a) By reducing access to

computing power for small businesses b) By limiting data sharing among businesses
c) By offering dynamic provisioning of resources and multitenancy d) By increasing
energy consumption in data centers Answer: c) By offering dynamic provisioning
of resources and multitenancy
35. What aspect of cloud computing is mentioned as having potential to shape
sustainability in different fields? a) Data security b) Dynamic resource allocation c)
Environmental research and emergency response systems d) Network congestion
management Answer: c) Environmental research and emergency response
systems
36. What are some concerns regarding the energy efficiency of cloud computing
mentioned in the text? a) Excessive server load due to virtual machine consolidation
b) Limited access to computing power for small businesses c) Lack of data sharing
among businesses d) Overutilization of network resources Answer: a) Excessive
server load due to virtual machine consolidation
37. How can a green cloud framework address concerns about energy efficiency in cloud
computing? a) By limiting access to cloud services b) By encouraging excessive
server load c) By managing the selection of the greenest cloud provider through a
middleware green broker d) By reducing data sharing among businesses Answer: c)
By managing the selection of the greenest cloud provider through a middleware
green broke