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BJT LED Switch Project Report

This micro project report details the use of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) as a switch to control an LED. It outlines the objective, required components, working principle, and procedure for implementing the circuit, emphasizing the BJT's role in switching applications. The project serves as an introduction to fundamental electronic concepts and their practical applications in circuit design.

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105 views3 pages

BJT LED Switch Project Report

This micro project report details the use of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) as a switch to control an LED. It outlines the objective, required components, working principle, and procedure for implementing the circuit, emphasizing the BJT's role in switching applications. The project serves as an introduction to fundamental electronic concepts and their practical applications in circuit design.

Uploaded by

czeon7798
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MICRO PROJECT REPORT

Title: Using BJT as a Switch to Control an LED

Subject: Basic Electronics

Name: [Your Name]

Roll No.: [Your Roll Number]

Class: [Your Class/Branch]

Date: [Submission Date]

1. Introduction

In this micro project, we explore the use of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) as an electronic switch to

control an LED (Light Emitting Diode). Transistors, when used in switching mode, allow control of higher

power circuits using small input signals. This is fundamental in modern electronic circuits and embedded

systems.

2. Objective

To design and implement a simple circuit where an LED is turned ON and OFF using a BJT transistor as a

switch.

3. Components Required

Component Specification Quantity

-------------------------------------------------

BJT Transistor BC547 (NPN) 1

LED Red 1

Resistors 330 Ohm, 1k Ohm 1 each

Power Supply 5V DC 1

Breadboard & Wires - As needed

4. Circuit Diagram

(Insert circuit diagram here. The NPN transistors emitter goes to GND, collector to LED (via 330 resistor) to

+5V, and base via 1k resistor to input signal.)


MICRO PROJECT REPORT

5. Working Principle

A BJT can act as a switch when operated in saturation and cutoff regions:

- OFF State (Cutoff Region): When the base of the transistor receives no voltage (0V), it remains in the OFF

state, and no current flows through the collector-emitter path. Hence, the LED is OFF.

- ON State (Saturation Region): When a small voltage (~0.7V) is applied to the base through a resistor, the

transistor turns ON, allowing current to flow from collector to emitter. This completes the circuit for the LED,

and it turns ON.

6. Procedure

1. Connect the emitter of BC547 to the ground.

2. Connect the collector to one end of the LED.

3. Connect the other end of the LED to +5V through a 330 resistor.

4. Connect the base of the transistor to a 1k resistor, and then to a switch or microcontroller digital pin.

5. When the base is given a HIGH signal (~5V), the transistor turns ON and the LED lights up.

7. Applications

- Used in microcontroller-based switching circuits.

- Part of digital logic interfacing.

- Controlling motors, relays, and other devices using small signals.

8. Conclusion

This project demonstrates the simple yet powerful application of BJTs as electronic switches. Understanding

this concept forms a strong foundation for more complex electronic circuit design and control systems.

9. References

- Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory - Robert Boylestad


MICRO PROJECT REPORT

- www.electronics-tutorials.ws

- Datasheet of BC547 Transistor

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