SUB CODE : 9301

COMMERCE
PAPER - II Question Booklet No.

107509
3i-Jmqm / ROLL NO.
I

ftrfk slrq 75 ft-{e qFT fifrq

Time Allowed 75 Minutes
Question Booklet Series
oTtrdrilq StiD 100

Max. Marks 100

Instructions for Candidates : qfieTrffi{ifSfdqffi:

1. Each question will be of 2 marks. t. v-.to veq d ei6 or +ql I

2. Use only blue/black ball point pen. 2. d-qa ftdZord qrd qr{d i-c ot fr fiqrd
Whitener is not allowed. otterrccr oT cfrrr qffi-o tt
3. Write your Roll Number in the space 3. qed Vs d ow frqa serm s{ 3Itl-{T 3l5hllo. F
provided on the top of this page. fttuq r

4. This paper consists of 50 multiple choice 4. {q c{{-q-, d 5s EEffiq n{{ d I

fl
types of questions.
5. At the commencement of examination 5. qfrefl' di w, wq-gfu--dT orTqo) t fr
qxt{ U
the question booklet will be given to you orq.ft I qEd llq fr-{d otTqo\ c-t{-gfu--mT
in the first 5 minutes you are requested to ffi oqr B!q1 ffifun qfq d ft\ f{t
open the booklet and compulsory urt.i 6qq1 qiq 3ITqo) r+qq o{ft t,
examine as below :

(a) To have access to the Question (a) clq-gk--fiT EH d ftI vfi-d o-{i t.q
Booklet tear off the paper seal on tr{ d{ft or-rq o1 {frf, o) urs d t q-fr
the edge of this cover page. Do not gfr ut ffrT {fid o1 gR-dol {+fl-{ c
accept an open booklet. otr
(b) Tally the number of pages and (b) sllcl-tut YE q{ Et
number of questions in the c-ec-gRfl-fiT d gw nerT cr-q} of fiEqr
booklet. Faulty booklets due to erd n-s6 i-o or d fu t * ttaq,f
pages/questions missing or gkdoT fu.qil W/crt o-q t) qr ?l.qm
duplicate or not in serial order or 3n ri qr mq i c d 3{Qrid frt{fr fi
ri
any other discrepancy should be non of ZfrWf gkdnT rfi-orq q ot
replaced immediately by a correct dllr st s{fr qq-q 6eT f+frero C
(Remaining instructions on last page) 0q f{ftT orfuq W w)
l. Who is said to an Father of Modern 1. silgRo u-e-"q d qr-fr ftrt o.ET sl-f,i t-
Management - (A) \q tdl g-q,
(A) F W Taylo (B) Q-c{ rq trmT
(B) Peter F Drucker (c) fi d tridrE
(C) C K Prahlad
(D) None of these (D) ${i t ofi T$l
2. Management is - 2. m-.rT t-
(A) An Art (A) Vfr oETI
(B) A Science (B) v6 frsrq
(C) A Profession (c) 96 irlr"
(D) All the above (D) Bqq)ffi Hfr

3. SWOT analysis is done for- 3. qssq Gr). A. ml"r fuqT crdr t-

(A) Planning (A) ft+qq d fr\
(B) Implementation (B) o|-qi-qq-{ d fr\
(C) Control (c) ftrirnT d fuq
(D) None of these (D) fli t ftr{fr d tuq rfr
4. Management Game is a method of - 4. t-ffi.{ iq sn frB t-
(A) On the job Training (A) ero: ord qfueror fl
(B) Off the job Training (B) qrEq
old qfue{o[ ol
(C) Both A and B (c) Bqt-ff A defl s qht oT
(D) None of these
t
(D) Eqt tufr ot q-fr
5. Who gave Theory X and Theory Y of 5. GrfiinT oT fuGr< x dar ft-drf, Y frtqi
motivation- ftqr-
(A) McGregor (A) ffi,-i
(B) Maslow (B) Mr
(C) Herzberg (c) 6-iq,f
(D) None of these
(D) qqt t oti =rg

6. Modern Management Techniques 6. 3il9fr-6 u-e-;q d d-f,ft-ot t rrfr.d t-

include- (A) fr fr silT
(A) BPR (B) frqw
(B) rQM (c) ftffi ft'rT
(C) Six Sigma (D) sqi-ffi l1lfr
(D) All the abvoe
7. Statistics is defined in- 7. wM o) qfuiTfr-d fuqT crdr t-
(A) Singular sense (A) TmlzFI d sq t
(B) Plural sense (B) E-ild-4{dwt
(C) Both A and B
(c) BqRIffi A dsl B Et-ii
(D) None of these
(D) E-{q t oH rS

Series-A PAT-2021 Page -I

 8. Objective of statistical investigation is qrfodr+tq GtH-+rTq or stqq dr-dr t-
(A) Testing any theory (A) frffi fuET( or qiq o-r+r
(B) Finding solution of a problem (B) ftffi er{qT fl q{flqn ff,{r
(C) Finding out new rules (c) C ftqqi 4\ qrw qr.{r
(D) All the above (D) BqRlff H'lfr

9. If mode is 15, and median is 12, e. qR {ildo 15 t, qrfu-6 et d}

arithmetic mean will be-
(A) 28
oiorFrfiq qrq +r-
(B) 15 (A) 28
(c) t2 (B) 15
(D) None of these (c) 12
(D) fli t ot{ Tfr
10. Karl Pearson was a - 10. @rd frftq e)-
(A) Economist (A) qfr 3Tajrn{*
(B) Biologist
(C) Scientist
(B) sn fi-q ffi
(D) None of these (c) Tn ffio
(D) E-+t t
oti TS
11. By nature, managerial Economics is a- 11. orq-ft e-ffr q, yq-q-fr1q 3TQipns t-
(A) Micro Economics (A) Ym-qe{ sTajrTr-s
(B) Macro Economics (B) q-,r, gEq o{ejyrcl
U. (C) Both A and B
(D) None of these (C) wt-ffi A dali B +it
ET (D) r{q t oH rS
F-.
f
r 12. Demand curve slopes -
(A) Left to Right
t2_ qtrr o1 tsr
(A) eit t (Tt
gafr t-
(B) Right to Left (B) qTt t e1.t
(C) Parellel
(D) None of these (C) slIl;II.rN
(D) flt i\ ofi Tfr
13. In case of perfect competition- 13. Wf
qMFrdT of Rarfr d-
(A) AR: MR (A)
(B) AR > MR \.3TN. = Tq.3IR
(c) MR > AR (B) \.3il-{.> 9q.3il-{
(D) None of these (c) Tq.3il-{. > q.3TT{
(D) fli ii ot$ TS
14. Total money Cost includes- 14. ed frtr6 dFrn t qfufud E)or t-
(A) Total explicit cost (A) ed wE drqd
(B) Implicit cost (B) qfrtrf, dmd
(C) Normal profit
(D) All the above (c) {fl-qrq drq
(D) wi-ffi wrfr

Series-A PAT-202r Page - 2

 15. Financial decisions include- 15. frfrq fquiqj t nfr-d dil t-
(A) Funds decision (A) dl$ oT ffiq
(B) Investmentdecision (B) frfrtqT sT ffiq
(C) Dividend decision
(D) All the above (c) foiq
dFTRr oT
(D) wqtfif efr
16. Capitalization is concerned with- 16. f$m-iq 6t r{El-rrt E)dr t-
(A) Capital
(B) Profit
(A) Tsr t
(C) Dividend
(B) dFT t
(D) None of these (c) aFriPT t
(D) flq i\ ot$ Tfr
t7. Which one is not a long term source 17. otq qfr dd oT-fr+ fr-n or fd rS t-
of finance- (A) qTf,r 3Rr
(A) Equity share (B) [qffu-on anr
(B) Preference share
(C) Debentures (C) f,ultl,
(D) Inter-corporate deposit (D) 3rf,{-4i-{fik qqr

18. Receivables include- 18. qtq t sfrfud Eldr t-

(A) Debtors (A) t{<ri
(B) Bills receivables (B) w fu{
(C) Both A and B
(D) None of these
(c) wrtff A darr B qlrT
(D) fli t o)-i TS

t9. HRM is a functional area of- 19. gq.3ni.Yq. \-fi q-mTfrq el{ t-
(A) Economics (A) 3{afTrs oI
(B) Management
(B) trt-.rr oT
(C) Philosophy
(D) None of these
(c) Eqr{qTM or
(D) f{t i) ffi or =r€t

20. Whe.n there is a large potential 20. uq fu,fr aq 6r ftpr-d riqrfud qr-dT( dr,
market for a product, the firm will d s{ oilHdqT :

adopt:
(A) qor{uorrffii Td ftfr
(A) Skimming price policy
(B) Penetration price policy (B) eIqR qari-6 l?q ffi
(C) Premium price policy (c) ftfrqq T@ frfr
(D) None of these t
(D) e-{i oti Tfr

Series-A PAT-202t Page - 3

 2t. Which combination of OL and FL 2t. qRqrdq \o1 fr--fiq trq
oT ftt{ qr
seem to be beneficial for the rdm-{ frffi oq4 d fu} ErKFm drdr t?
(A) s@ qRatd{ ffiq
darl s@ fudq
company?
ffiq
(A) High OL and High FL (B) s@ qtrqi{-{ trq 6q1 fu fr-frq
(B) High OL and Low FL ffiq
(c) frq qRqTd-{ ffiq der s@ fr""frq
(C) Low OL and High FL
ffiq
(D) Low OL and Low FL (D) ftq qR-qrdq ffiq qq1 ftq fuSq
ffiq
22. Which of the following model says 22. ftq t t ot{ sT fr-sd o-ddT t fu ilTiqT
that dividend decisions are not trq, sren d quil-i Ig oi frqfRH o-{i t
relevant in determining the market q-nilq{'f q-€t drd.r t?
price of share ?
(A) 'f-eq qrsd
(A) Gordon model
(B) Walter model (B) q-€i qrsd
(C) MM model (c) vq vq. fr-sd
(D) None of these (D) fli t oti TS
23. Which of the following techniques 23. frqifud fr t o)q Hr ilfi-fi-fr q-gFrd rfiE
are known as desecrated cash flow nqre n-ofto d wt qrq qrdr t ?

a. (DcF) technique ? (A) q-.qrddq frB

(A) Pay back period (B) g€ q-dqTq T@ frfu
ET
(B) Net present value
(c) Bqtffi A f,Pr B +ii
r (C) Both'A'and'B'
(D) None of these (D) flq t E)-i Tfr

24. The gap between two annual general 24. To, oqfr d d qrffi6 sqr d fiq
rtlEn-rur
meeting of a company should not be Bt.rN W{ ci-qB t srD6 T€f etrT qrfr} :

more than : (A) q-fii

12
(A) 12 months (B) 15 Tfii
(B) 15 months
(C) 18 months
(c) 18 q-fii
(D) None of these
(D) q-{q t oE rfr
25. The share capital of a company may zs. To oq.fr d errr tdr q ofr ftq d arT
be reduced by- fuqwq-mc[t:
(A) An ordinary resolution (A) V6 iltrrr-q rio-fl d aiT
(B) A special resolution (B) q6 freiq \4qrcq d AiT
(C) A resolution of the board of
directors
(c) fttrm qsd d q-fr-n d aiT
(D) None of these (D) E-{t i\ o)-i ;re

Series-A PAT-202t Page - 4

26. What is known as a charter of a 26. oqfr oT qr& frd o-ur qrdT t ?
company ? (A) qrfE fiqT ftqq
(A) Memorandum of Association (B) Bq-fuqq
(B) Bye-Laws (C) qrf( orrHqq
(C) Articles of association
(D) Both A and B (D) wt-ff A dqrr B EhT
27. Who coined the concept of 27. q.rq fu-mq of ea-+mvll d frrwi 116T t?
management Accounting ? (A) dw vq. frfu
(A) James H Bliss (B) 3il{ T{ or&
(B) R.N. Carter (c) \s sq tdi
(C) F.W. Taylor
(D) None of them (D) flt t ol{ Tfr
28. A Budget should be : 28. gq Eutd dfrT ilfri ,

(A) Rigid (A) o-&

(B) Flexible (B) d-fidT
(C) Both A and B
(C) sqqtffi A der B +it
(D) None of the above
(D) BqRtffi t t o'r$ Tfr
29. Which one of the following 29. ftr{ifuf, qTrqlqTrriit dq Hr qf{q q-iq t?
statement/statements is/are true ? (A) qenfr dr-rrfl qffitr nstT qffid
(A) Fixed cost is of variable and 6rrfl 1ffi rgfr or +dr t
variable cost is of fixed nature
(B) Absorption costing is known as
(B) 31-fi1)qrT drro o) Ed ElTd rfr o-er

total costing
qrar t
(C) Both A and B (c) Eqqlm A dar B drii
(D) None of these (D) w.t t qti Tfr
30. Key Factor is also called as: 30. {-ndY'i ono o} q-6 fi o-il qrot t :

(A) Restricting factor (A) qffifl or{6

(B) Governing factor (B) $rfr 6r{fi
(C) Limiting factor (c) fift6 qlro
(D) All of the above
(D) Bqt-ffi T{lfr
31. MSME denotes : 31. MSME qITIilI I .

(A) Micro small and medium (A) qeq dg sfu qUTq sqq
Enterprises (B) qeq {flftq ftrtrr silIr
(B) Micro size medium Enterprises
(c) qtqq wftq qeq vqlr
(C) Medium size micro Enterprises
(D) None of these
(D) flt t d-i Tfr
32. The business plan should be prepared 32. qrrqTfufr d-dqT fuIT fuqT qnt qtBI :

by' (A) qrEszsdfr Er{I

(A) Entrepreneurs (B) $dl-5on Hq
(B) Consultants
(c) 3rft?rdr EliT
(C) Engineers
(D) None of these
(D) E-{i i\ ol$ q-fr

Series-A PAT-202r Page - 5

 33. The term "Entrepreneur" has
derived from the
been
word
33. "Entreprenerd" Yr< t fu{-dT
"Entreprenerd" which means
'Entrepreneur' ylE 6r oTef dror t ,

(A) To give
:
(A) t-rT
(B) To undertake (B) 3il-{r{ o-wt
(C) To choose (c) 5n orn
(D) To decide (D) ffq o-nT
34. Which type of entrepreneur utilizes a 34. d v.qfr g6 Tt ilf,-fto oTet,n rt
fu-qr q-+rq
chance to introduce a new technique
EflK dr dd d 3lflfl fl sqdFr o-{dr t
or new product? I

(A) Innovative Entrepreneur (A) 3rftilq sufr

(B) Instigated Entrepreneur (B) B-fi-{il-fl gsrT ssfr
(C) Fabian Entrepreneur (c) Sfuq-{ snfr
(D) None of these (D) Eqt t oti q-S
35. Which of the following is the first 35. ftq fi t ot{ sT q)q qhqT or ssrrr q{q
step ofresearch process ?
(A) Formulation of a problem rtor t Z

(B) Collection of data (A) qlRrri or ssrM

(C) Editing and coding (B) q-q-o) oT riqE-{

(D) Selection of a problem (c) fiqrfi eil( qirfu,r

(D) TrtErr 6r qq-q

a
36. Research related to abstract ideas or
concept is :
36. sTTd frqTi oiletrr er+rmun t ervRrd ql)q
o-folrn t :

ta. (A) Empirical research

(A) 3r$flqq {iq
r
Fl-. (B) Conceptualresearch
(C) (B) ffifi YilrT
r (D)
Quantitative research
Qualitative research
(c) ql{I.Im srJHqq
(D) xulr(rfr 3r5HqF
31. In the process of conducting research -4
3t. Yitl od o-{i 01 qBrT n qR'o-e-iT A
"Formulation of Hypothesis,, is
followed by "
q-fr-fiirT or 3r5utdq fu-qr uror t :

(A) Statement of objectives (A) BM d fr+q.T El-ir

(B) Analysis of data (B) H{ot d mqnT ffiT
(C) Selection of research tools (C) {iq w6-inT d aq{ dfiT
(D) Collection of data (D) qroi oi fiq?d-{ gr{
38. Research, conducted to find solution 38. il@T-Aq rrn"rT d nqn tg H-qrfrd fuqT
for an immediate problem is : ud qrar viq a-d-dTdr t:
(A) Fundamental research (A) q)fufr yilrr
(B) Analytical research (B) mqureo 3i-JHqTq
(C) Survey (c) e-{eflT
(D) Action research (D) frqr yirr

Series-A PAT-2021 Page - 6

 39. Under which method individual index
number is used in the place of general
39. Til$htfr dgroq ft1 Reft t frq t t fulr
frts d Bm-,fd qr{rq Td d q-{&
price index number is the case of E-dmr-o-
inflation accounting .
qfr'rrf,
Eq-firfi oT BTrqh uror t? ffi
(A) Current value accounting method (A) qT( T@ deffi 69
(B) Replacement cost accounting (B) qfrRnqq drta d-siq,{ frB
method (C) wRlf,d A darl B qtrT
(C) Both A and B (D) t
E-+ ot$ Tfr
(D) None of these
40. The amount which is paid to the 40. q-d vlRr q\ q-ann-onf o} q-srq d ftd
t
chafterers for processing freight for qrcT qrkT ori
the ship is called. fu Trdl-{ fu-qr qrilr t ,

(A) Primage (A) qre d GrftRffi fr r-$ wrfi

(B) Address commission (B) q&rfl ofrYH
(C) Passage money (c) qHr iTRr
(D) None of rhese (D) flt t o)-i q-fr
4t. Social cost of labour according
shadow pricing technique is
41. Erw^Tfl Fri-, nf,-fio d ergwr lrq o1
(A) Equivalent of
the amount of
r+rqfu-o anro t :

wages paid
(A) WaH 01 ,T{ q_d-{ft d eiE-i
(B) lower than the amount of wages (B) TrrTq of Ti q_s$ t oq
paid (c) TqIE o1 rri q-q-{t t Grho
(c) Higher than the amount of (D) s+ rt o)-$ Te
wages paid
(D) None of these
42. Which of the following section is 42. fr*T if t ot{ rrt EIN' qrilflrko
related with the computation of
taxable business income ?
sTTq al qupqr t HqF+rd t ?

(A) Section 37 (A) qm 37

(B) Section 48 (B) rtrI{'48

(C) Both A and B (c) witffiAdsrB+ii
(D) None of these (D) fli ii ol{ Tfr
43. Section 68 of I T Act 1961 is
concerned with
43. Grtsfrw of qrir oa eEftrd
Gil-trm-{
t .

(A) Cash credit (A) Tfi-( Hrq

(B) Un recorded investment (B) 5ri-mt d frlT fti-d Tt frfrqiq
(C) Unexplained expenditure (c) q TsE fu-qr rrqr qq
(D) None of these (D) flt t oii Tfr
44. A domestic company has to pay tax 44. sil-ffir orBftqq 1e61 ht fuH qm d
on distributed amount of divided a
per section ofI T act, 196l.
**f" f6 qt-{ oqfr o) n-om 01 ,T{
(A) I ls-0 drTRI O1 {m-q qq o-i trT qffrr ?

(B) 11s-B (A) 115-0

(c) 11sBB (B) 11s-B
(D) None of these (c) l lsBB
(D) flq t oE rS

Series-A PAT-2021 Page - 7

 45. A risk averse rational investor always
invests in :
45. Vo. qifuq H-d-d frffid ftilqro qtq
(A) Developing area of economy ftiel ?D{f,r t,
(B) Invests for long term (A) o{alq{iarT d fr-mmt-W d, d
(C) Diversified securities (B) flt'or-fn ftieT fr
(D) Equity shares of one selected (c) frfrq qfr'fid'
(D) q-6 q-qfud
i
company s,qfr d qqdr 3RT q
46. Identify uncontrollable risk . 46. GrFq-rqrftd Gilfuq q) qsilftS
(A) Labour problem (A) }Iq {{Itsr
:

(B) lncrease in loan interest rate

(C) Cut is Govt. subsidy (B) xq qrq (i ii gE
(D) Technologicalobsolescence (C) T{rfirfr {r6Frdr t Efr
(D) i-f,-fi!fr 3TqElcrl
47. In order to increase returr on 47. \-fr fffifrc air.qir d nqq q G d
portfolio, the portfolio manager
should choose securities from :
fui fuq B-dlq) a1 ffiui 614{q in.Fil
(A) Cyclical industry ?Ttr} ?

(B) Industry at a growth stage (A) ?-dq EfltT

(C) Industry is a maturity period (B) fr-oTnrft-d B-dtr
(D) Industry with more export (C) qRq-@ sqlq. BmierT
potential (D) srD6 Md E-qtl6 B-frr
a 48. Portfolio Diversification is : 48. qfrTfr frfrfi-mirT *or t
tr (A) Extension of investment to ,

F* multiple securities (A) fr.in or frft-q qfrTfrd ilfi fr.{mi

* (B) (B) GrD6-n qfrTRd t ftieT
t (C)
Investment in maximum number
of securities
Both A and B
(c) Bqqtffi A detT B +rT
(D) None of these
(D) E-{t t ofi TS
49. Questionnaire is a: 4e. qe-fl-{fr s :

(A) Research method (A) yitq frB

(B) Measurement technique
(C) Tool for data collection (B) qTqi ft1 ilf,-fro

(D) Data analysis technique (c) qqo or r{ 1]-6.-f,{

(D) ql_6 frrdw i-n-fio
50. PERT analysis is based on so. pERr (C) ffiq"r
(A) Optimistic time
:
GilErftf, t :

(A) 3rTqril-fr Rq-q

(B) Pessimistic time
(C) Most likely rime (B) Mrrqq
(D) All the above (c) qqffu-fr qrfl-frd Hq-q
(D) Bqtq_d $fr
******

Series-A PAT-2021 Page - 8

 booklet from the invigilator within c,iliTor s{-d {alH q{ STfr s-fr
the period of 5 minutes.
Afterwards, neither the question
c-{q-gk--fiTd d r gs-d ft\ errq6) q1-s
booklet will be replaced nor any fr{d fri witt r csd qK c d orTq-+t
extra time be give. cq+gftfl-fiT {ffi qrhft oir I fr
qTqfit orfr-kqf, Rqq ftqr qrfrn f

(c) After this verification is over, the (c) {s qfq d qrq ur{-gk-6r o1 m-q
test booklet number should be
$CqI BRT qTfr'q{ 3lfu-d OiI
entered in the answer sheet.
6. Each item has four alternative responses nrto cet d fu qR fuf,-fl (A), (B), (C) q
marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). You 1o) ft$ ni t r orTqo) H-fr sdi d qEftrd
should darken correct answer in .fd of q61 6-w tr
corresponding circle.
7. Your response to the item is to be 7. qq-n d voq d+a gd{ q?-fi q( fr oifu-d o,-{i
indicated in the answer sheet only. tl
8. Answers marked in question booklet will ew-gftn-fiT fr oifu-d Bm-ii or Tdr-4q rfr

a not be evaluated. Rough work is to

done at the end of this booklet.
be fuqT cTfrfl | 6qr orrr {q gk-dr d srfuq

Yts
qi otr
Ed 9. You have to return the test question 9. 3rTqfr1 qfrelT {{qTw *i qr s-f,{-gk-f,r o
I
) r{ booklet and OMR sheet to the invigilator
at the end of examination compulsorily.
d.wenq. qrfr EH
3il-qY{f, t I
ft-frer-o Tdqq o) Eil-crn

10. Use of any calculator or log table etc. is 10. ftffi fr q-6l-{ onr0r6 (frdt?-es) ur m.r tca
prohibited. 3irR ot cqtr qffi-d tt
11. In case of any mismatch of questions, the ll. frrift fi c{q oT i-fd o1 Eyn i Gttrfr rim-iur
English version will be deemed to be o) sfr qrcT qyrrT, uR m-gk-o El]l$q
correct, if the question booklet is rll
bilingual.
12. For each question, darken only one circle t2. c-.t6 erq d fu, Bm{ srfr'q-i d{f, 96.t)-dr
on the Answer Sheet. If you darken more
than one circle or darken a circle
okrr. 6irT t t qR GrMi gf, GrfU6 .fdT t
partially, the answer will be treated as
orar fuqr qr 3rifr[6 sq t
qo rilf,r 6rdr
fuqT, ni Sfl {rqrd oT q?il6[ rrcfd qmt qitn r

incorrect.
13. Note that the answer once filled in ink 13. EqH t qEF[ 96 qn rsTfr t
fu fuqr Eclt-d sl
cannot be changed. If you do not wish to q{ fuqr .* } veaT rfr qr rr'ftTr I qft 3ilqht
attempt a question, leave all the circles in ftffi q-sw oT c-{r-€ o-{i C v-or c-fr
the corresponding row blank. Such t, {s
.ik d g.fr .il-d srfr Et-s d t(t cr+ i d{
question will be awarded zero mark.
er6 T& ftq qr+,nt
14. There is no negative marking. t4. ft,ifus qffi c-fr t r