Program 1

import java.io.*;
class GFG {
static int Series(int n) {
inti;
int sums =0;
for (i =1; i <=n; i++)
sums +=1/ (i* i); // This will still use integer division
Program 1
import java.io.*;
class GFG {
static int Series(int n) {
int i;
int sums = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
sums += 1 / (i * i); // This will still use integer division
return sums;
return sums;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
intn =3;
int res =Series(n);
System.out.printin(res);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n = 3;
int res = Series(n);
System.out.println(res);
}
}
Program 2
import java.io.*;
class GFG {
public intfactorial(int i) {
if (i ==0)
return 1;
return i * factorial(i - 1);
return
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n =4, i, j;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n = 4, i, j;
GFG g =new GFG();
for (i =0; i <=n; i++) {
for (j=0;j <n-i; j++) {
GFG g = new GFG();
for (i = 0; <= n; i++) {
for (j = 0; < n - i; j++) {
* factorial(i
1);
Program 2
import java.io.*;
class GFG {
public int factorial(int i) {
if (i == 0)
return 1;
System.out.print(" ");
}
for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
System.out.print(" " + (g.factorial(i) / (g.factorial(j) * g.factorial(i - j))));
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Program 3
import java.util.Scanner;
class Exercise31 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Input first number: ");
double x = in.nextDouble();
System.out.print("Input second number: ");
double y = in.nextDouble();
System.out.print("Input third number: ");
double z = in.nextDouble();
if (x < y && y < z) {
System.out.println("Increasing order");
}
else if (x > y && y > z) {
System.out.println("Decreasing order");
}
else {
System.out.println("Neither increasing nor decreasing order");
}
in.close();
}

}
Program 4
import java.util.*;
class Complex {
int real, imaginary;
Complex() {
}
Complex(int tempReal, int tempImaginary) {
real = tempReal;
imaginary = tempImaginary;
}
Complex addComp(Complex C1, Complex C2) {
Complex temp = new Complex();
temp.real = C1.real + C2.real;
temp.imaginary = C1.imaginary + C2.imaginary;
return temp;
}
Complex subtractComp(Complex C1, Complex C2) {
Complex temp = new Complex();
temp.real = C1.real - C2.real;
temp.imaginary = C1.imaginary - C2.imaginary;
return temp;
}
void printComplexNumber() {
System.out.println("Complex number: " + real + " + " + imaginary + "i");
}
}
class GFG {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Complex C1 = new Complex(3, 2);

C1.printComplexNumber();
Complex C2 = new Complex(9, 5);
C2.printComplexNumber();
Complex C3 = new Complex();
C3 = C3.addComp(C1, C2);
System.out.print("Sum of ");
C3.printComplexNumber();
C3 = C3.subtractComp(C1, C2);
System.out.print("Difference of ");
C3.printComplexNumber();
}
}
Program 5
public class MyTime {
private int hour; // between 0 and 23
private int minute;// between 0 and 59
public MyTime(int hour, int minute) {
setTime(hour, minute);
}
public void setTime(int hour, int minute) {
setHour(hour);
setMinute(minute);
}
public void setHour(int hour) {
if (hour >= 0 && hour < 24) {
this.hour = hour;
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid hour!");
}
}

public void setMinute(int minute) {

if (minute >= 0 && minute < 60) {
this.minute = minute;
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid minute!");
}
}
public int getHour() {
return hour;
}
public int getMinute() {
return minute;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return String.format("%02d:%02d", hour, minute);
}
public MyTime nextMinute() {
if (minute == 59) {
minute = 0;
nextHour();
} else {
minute++;
}
return this;
}
public MyTime nextHour() {
if (hour == 23) {
hour = 0;
} else {
hour++;
}

return this;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyTime time = new MyTime(23, 59);
System.out.println("Current time: " + time);
System.out.println("Next minute: " + time.nextMinute());
System.out.println("Next hour: " + time.nextHour());
}
}
Program 6
import java.util.Scanner;
class Account {
public String acc_name;
public double acc_no;
public int acc_type;
public double balance;
public void getData(String name, double no, int type, double bal) {
acc_name = name;
acc_no = no;
acc_type = type;
balance = bal;
}
}
class Savings extends Account {
public void deposit(double amt) {
balance += amt;
System.out.println("Balance after deposit: " + balance);
}
public void withdraw(double amt) {
if (amt > balance) {

System.out.println("Insufficient balance.");
} else {
balance -= amt;
System.out.println("Balance after withdrawal: " + balance);
}
}
public void interest(int time, int no) {
double rate = 0.06; // Assuming 6% interest rate
double intr = balance * Math.pow(1 + rate / no, time * no) - balance;
System.out.println("Interest calculated: " + intr);
balance += intr;
System.out.println("The new balance is: " + balance);
}
}
class Current extends Account {
public void deposit(double amt) {
balance += amt;
System.out.println("Balance after deposit: " + balance);
}
public void withdraw(double amt) {
if (amt > balance) {
System.out.println("Insufficient balance.");
} else {
balance -= amt;
System.out.println("Balance after withdrawal: " + balance);
check(balance);
}
}
public void check(double amt) {
if (amt < 10000) {
balance -= 500;

System.out.println("Penalty applied. Insufficient balance: " + balance);

}
}
}
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int temp = 1;
while (temp == 1) {
System.out.println("Enter name:");
String name = sc.next();
System.out.println("Enter acc_no:");
double no = sc.nextDouble();
System.out.println("Enter acc_type\n0 for Savings\n1 for Current:");
int type = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter initial balance:");
double amt = sc.nextDouble();
if (type == 0) {
Savings s = new Savings();
s.getData(name, no, type, amt);
System.out.println("\n1. Deposit\n2. Withdraw\n3. Interest");
int temp3 = sc.nextInt();
switch (temp3) {
case 1:
System.out.println("Enter Amount:");
double amt1 = sc.nextDouble();
s.deposit(amt1);
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("Enter Amount:");
amt1 = sc.nextDouble();

s.withdraw(amt1);
break;
case 3:
System.out.println("Enter time period:");
int tp = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter number of times interest is compounded per
year:");
int nof = sc.nextInt();
s.interest(tp, nof);
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid option.");
}
} else if (type == 1) {
Current c = new Current();
c.getData(name, no, type, amt);
System.out.println("\n1. Deposit\n2. Withdraw");
int temp3 = sc.nextInt();
switch (temp3) {
case 1:
System.out.println("Enter Amount:");
double amt1 = sc.nextDouble();
c.deposit(amt1);
break;
case 2:
System.out.println("Enter Amount:");
amt1 = sc.nextDouble();
c.withdraw(amt1);
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid option.");

}
} else {
System.out.println("Invalid account type.");
}
System.out.println("To continue, enter 1; to exit, enter 0:");
temp = sc.nextInt();
}
sc.close();
}
}
Program 7
import java.util.Scanner;
class Circle {
double radius;
String color;
Circle() {
radius = 1.0;
color = "blue";
}
Circle(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
color = "blue";
}
Circle(double radius, String color) {
this.radius = radius;
this.color = color;
}
double getArea() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
}

double getRadius() {
return radius;
}
String getColor() {
return color;
}
}
class Cylinder extends Circle {
double height;
Cylinder() {
super();
height = 2.0;
}
Cylinder(double height) {
super();
this.height = height;
}
Cylinder(double height, double radius) {
super(radius);
this.height = height;
}
Cylinder(double height, double radius, String color) {
super(radius, color);
this.height = height;
}
double getHeight() {
return height;
}
@Override
double getArea() {
return (2 * Math.PI * radius * height) + (2 * Math.PI * radius * radius);

}
double getVolume() {
return super.getArea() * height;
}
void display() {
System.out.println("\nRadius is " + radius + ", Height is " + height + ", Color is
" +
color + ", Area is " + getArea() + ", Volume is " + getVolume());
}
void check(Cylinder c1, Cylinder c2, int i, int j) {
if ((c1.radius == c2.radius) && (c1.height == c2.height) &&
(c1.color.equalsIgnoreCase(c2.color))) {
System.out.println("The cylinders " + (i + 1) + " and " + (j + 1) + " are
similar");
}
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
Cylinder[] c = new Cylinder[4];
c[0] = new Cylinder();
c[1] = new Cylinder(3.0);
c[2] = new Cylinder(3.0, 4.0, "Green");
System.out.println("Enter the details of cylinder 4 (height, radius, and color):");
double h = s.nextDouble();
double r = s.nextDouble();
s.nextLine(); // Consume newline
String st = s.nextLine();
c[3] = new Cylinder(h, r, st);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
System.out.println("The dimensions of cylinder " + (i + 1) + ":");
c[i].display();
}
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {

for (int j = i + 1; j < 4; j++) {

c[i].check(c[i], c[j], i, j);
}
}
s.close();
}
}
Program 8
interface Account {
double getBalance();
void deposit(double amount);
void withdraw(double amount);
}
class HDFCAccount implements Account {
private double deposits = 0.0;
private double withdrawals = 0.0;
@Override
public double getBalance() {
return deposits - withdrawals;
}
@Override
public void deposit(double amount) {
deposits += amount;
}
@Override
public void withdraw(double amount) {
if (amount <= getBalance()) {
withdrawals += amount;
} else {
System.out.println("Insufficient balance");

}
}
}
class StateBankAccount implements Account {
private double balance = 0.0;
@Override
public double getBalance() {
return balance;
}
@Override
public void deposit(double amount) {
balance += amount;
}
@Override
public void withdraw(double amount) {
if (amount <= balance) {
balance -= amount;
} else {
System.out.println("Insufficient balance");
}
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Account hdfc = new HDFCAccount();
Account sbi = new StateBankAccount();
hdfc.deposit(1000);
hdfc.withdraw(200);
sbi.deposit(2000);
sbi.withdraw(500);
printBalance(hdfc);

printBalance(sbi);
}
public static void printBalance(Account account) {
System.out.println("Balance: " + account.getBalance());
}
}
Program 9
// File: CIE/Internals.java
package CIE;
public class Internals extends Student {
public int[] internalMarks = new int[6];
public Internals(String usn, String name, int sem, int[] internalMarks) {
this.usn = usn;
this.name = name;
this.sem = sem;
this.internalMarks = internalMarks;
}
}
// File: CIE/Student.java
package CIE;
public class Student {
public String usn;
public String name;
public int sem;
}
// File: SEE/External.java
package SEE;
import CIE.Student;
public class External extends Student {
public int[] seeMarks = new int[6];

public External(String usn, String name, int sem, int[] seeMarks) {

this.usn = usn;
this.name = name;
this.sem = sem;
this.seeMarks = seeMarks;
}
}
// File: Main.java
import CIE.Internals;
import SEE.External;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int N = 5; // Example number of students
Internals[] internalStudents = new Internals[N];
External[] externalStudents = new External[N];
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
internalStudents[i] = new Internals("USN" + (i + 1), "Student" + (i + 1), 3, new
int[]{80, 85, 75, 90, 88, 92});
externalStudents[i] = new External("USN" + (i + 1), "Student" + (i + 1), 3, new
int[]{70, 75, 65, 80, 78, 82});
}
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
System.out.println("Student: " + internalStudents[i].name);
System.out.println("USN: " + internalStudents[i].usn);
System.out.println("Semester: " + internalStudents[i].sem);
int totalMarks = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++) {
int finalMarks = internalStudents[i].internalMarks[j] +
externalStudents[i].seeMarks[j];
totalMarks += finalMarks;
System.out.println("Course " + (j + 1) + " Final Marks: " + finalMarks);
}
System.out.println("Total Marks: " + totalMarks + "\n");

}
}
}
Program 10
import java.util.Random;
class GenerateNumber implements Runnable {
public void run() {
Random random = new Random();
while (true) {
int number = random.nextInt(100);
System.out.println("Generated Number: " + number);
if (number % 2 == 0) {
new Thread(new SquareNumber(number)).start();
} else {
new Thread(new CubeNumber(number)).start();
}
try {
Thread.sleep(1000); // Sleep for 1 second
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
}
class SquareNumber implements Runnable {
private int number;
SquareNumber(int number) {
this.number = number;
}

public void run() {

System.out.println("Square of " + number + " is " + (number * number));
}
}
class CubeNumber implements Runnable {
private int number;
CubeNumber(int number) {
this.number = number;
}
public void run() {
System.out.println("Cube of " + number + " is " + (number * number * number));
}
}
public class MultiThreadedApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread generateThread = new Thread(new GenerateNumber());
generateThread.start();
}}
Program 11
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ExceptionHandling {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Choose an exception to handle:");
System.out.println("1. ArithmeticException");
System.out.println("2. ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
System.out.println("3. NumberFormatException");
System.out.println("4. StringIndexOutOfBoundsException");
System.out.println("5. NullPointerException");
int choice = scanner.nextInt();

switch(choice) {
case 1:
try {
System.out.println("Enter numerator and denominator:");
int numerator = scanner.nextInt();
int denominator = scanner.nextInt();
int result = numerator / denominator;
System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
System.out.println("Error: Division by zero is not allowed.");
}
break;
case 2:
try {
int[] array = {1, 2, 3};
System.out.println("Enter index:");
int index = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.println("Element at index " + index + ": " + array[index]);
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
System.out.println("Error: Array index is out of bounds.");
}
break;
case 3:
try {
System.out.println("Enter a number:");
String input = scanner.next();
int number = Integer.parseInt(input);
System.out.println("Number: " + number);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.println("Error: Invalid number format.");
}
break;

case 4:
try {
System.out.println("Enter a string:");
String str = scanner.next();
System.out.println("Enter index:");
int index = scanner.nextInt();
char ch = str.charAt(index);
System.out.println("Character at index " + index + ": " + ch);
} catch (StringIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
System.out.println("Error: String index is out of bounds.");
}
break;
case 5:
try {
String str = null;
System.out.println("Length of the string: " + str.length());
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
System.out.println("Error: Null pointer exception.");
}
break;
default:
System.out.println("Invalid choice.");
}
scanner.close();
}
}

12class Sort {
public <T extends Comparable<T>> void Arrange(T[] array) {
Arrays.sort(array);
}
public <T> void Display(T[] array) {
for (T element : array) {
System.out.print(element + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
public class GenericSortExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Sort sorter = new Sort()
Integer[] intArray = {5, 3, 8, 1, 9};
System.out.println("Original Integer Array: ");
sorter.Display(intArray);
sorter.Arrange(intArray);
System.out.println("Sorted Integer Array: ");
sorter.Display(intArray);
String[] strArray = {"Banana", "Apple", "Cherry", "Date"};
System.out.println("\nOriginal String Array: ");
sorter.Display(strArray);
sorter.Arrange(strArray);
System.out.println("Sorted String Array: ");
sorter.Display(strArray);
Double[] doubleArray = {2.5, 3.7, 1.2, 4.8, 0.9};
System.out.println("\nOriginal Double Array: ");
sorter.Display(doubleArray);
sorter.Arrange(doubleArray);
System.out.println("Sorted Double Array: ");
sorter.Display(doubleArray);

}
}