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Chapter 5 Fundamentals of Group Dynamics

Chapter 5 discusses the fundamentals of group dynamics, defining a group as two or more individuals engaged in social interaction. It highlights the concepts, characteristics, and types of groups, distinguishing between formal and informal groups, and emphasizes the importance of relationships and dynamics within small groups. The chapter also outlines the special properties of groups and the different kinds of informal groups, such as interest, friendship, and reference groups.

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7 views15 pages

Chapter 5 Fundamentals of Group Dynamics

Chapter 5 discusses the fundamentals of group dynamics, defining a group as two or more individuals engaged in social interaction. It highlights the concepts, characteristics, and types of groups, distinguishing between formal and informal groups, and emphasizes the importance of relationships and dynamics within small groups. The chapter also outlines the special properties of groups and the different kinds of informal groups, such as interest, friendship, and reference groups.

Uploaded by

elrodjosh350
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 5

FUNDAMENTALS
OF GROUP
DYNAMICS
Presented by: Melissa P. Padrigon, LPT
Learning Outcomes:
1 explain the fundamentals of group and
group dynamics;

determine the concepts, characteristics,


2
and types of groups, and;

illustrate the difference between formal and


3
informal groups
GROUP
Group is defined as two or more persons engaged in a social interaction. This
implies that each member of a group is aware of the other members and their
influence. Some psychologists consider this definition too general and prefer
to limit the use of the term group to a collection of individuals who find their
association with one another rewarding. Others say that a group exists only
when the individual members have developed status and role relationships
with respect to one another.
GROUP DYNAMICS
The social process by which people interact in a small group and in a face-to-
face manner is called group dynamics. Dynamics comes from the Greek word
dunamis which means "force." Group dynamics then refers to the study of the
forces operating within a group.
FORCES FOUND IN SMALL
GROUPS
There are two important historical landmarks in understanding
small groups. These are the research of Elton Mayo and his
associates in the 1920s and 1930s, and the experiments
conducted inthe 1930s by Kurt Lewin, considered as the founder
of the group dynamics movement. According to Mayo, workers
tend to establish formal groups that affect job satisfaction and
effectiveness.
FORCES FOUND IN SMALL
GROUPS
Lewin shows that different kinds of leadership attitudes produce
different responses in groups.
A group is composed of individuals who have come together to
accomplish a particular task or goal. Group dynamics refers to the
attitudinal and behavioral characteristics of a group. In a group, the
members share consciousness of membership and interaction. A group
is not a mere collection of individuals but an aggregate of personalities
acting and interacting with one another in the process of living.
CONCEPTS OF
SOCIAL GROUP
San Juan and Centeno (2011) present The saying "No man is an island" explains
that "psychologically, man is said to be a that a person cannot live satisfactorily by
rational being; politically, he is a political himself/herself alone. His/her very
and power seeking beings theologically, existence and the satisfaction of his/her
he is a religious, God-seeking being; and needs and wants, as well as his/her
sociologically, man is a gregarious social happiness, depends to a large degree upon
being seeking the company of other his/her association with other people.
social beings."
SPECIAL PROPERTIES OF GROUPS
In a group, there is no such thing as merely a composition of two people. It is
their relationship that makes it three.

Group types are classified as formal or informal in nature. Formal work groups
are established by an organization to achieve its goals.
TYPES OF GROUPS
PRIMARY GROUP SECONDARY GROUP
consists of members who are aware and
characterized by intimate face-to-face
cognizant of personal relationships, but they do
association and cooperation among its not feel that their lives are bound with one
members. It fundamentally forms the social another except in time of social crisis. The
nature and ideals of an individual. It involves members may be separated from one another by
sympathy and mutual identification which is a distance or by a lack of personal physical
form of natural expression (San Juan & contact. Nevertheless, they can share their
Centeno, 2011). interests through correspondence, press, radio,
telephone, or other means (San Juan & Centeno,
2011).
CHARACTERISTICS
OF GROUP
Interaction
Structure
Goals
Perceived groupness
Dynamic interdependency
Motivation
KINDS OF INFORMAL
GROUPS
1. Interest groups usually continue over time and may last longer than
general informal groups. The goals and objectives. of interest
groups are specific to each group and may not be related to
organizational goals and objectives.

Example: Students who come together to form a study group for a


specific class.
KINDS OF INFORMAL
GROUPS
2. Friendship groups are formed by individuals who enjoy similar social
activities, political beliefs, religious values, or other common bonds.
Members enjoy each other's company.

Example: Students who have an exercise group or who meet for a so-
called jamming
KINDS OF INFORMAL
GROUPS
3. Reference groups are composed of people who are evaluated for
social validation and social comparison. Social validation allows
individuals to justify their attitudes and value while social comparison
helps individuals evaluate their own actions by comparing themselves
with others.
Informal groups are formed naturally
in response to the common interests
and shared values of individuals.
They are created for purposes other
than the accomplishment of
organizational goals and do not
have a specified time frame.
Informal groups are not designated
by an organization and members
can invite others to join from time to
time.
THANK YOU
E-mail [email protected]

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