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UNIT

2
THE INTERNET

Unit Structure
2.0 Learning Objectives
2.1 Unit Preview
2.2 Introduction to Internet and Web
2.2.1 Internet
2.2.2 World Wide Web (www)
2.2.3 The Functioning of Internet
2.3 Origins of the Internet and the Web
2.3.1 Web 1.0
2.3.2 Web 2.0
2.3.3 Web 3.0
2.3.4 Difference Between Internet and Web
2.3.5 Uses of the Internet and Web
2.4 How to Access the Web Using Providers and Browsers
2.4.1 Types of Internet Connections
2.5 Web Utilities
2.5.1 What are Web Utilities
2.5.2 Plug-ins
2.5.3 Filters
2.5.4 File Transfer Utilities
2.5.5 Internet Security Suites
2.6 Compare Different Internet Communications
2.6.1 E-mail
2.6.2 Messaging
2.6.3 Social Networking
2.6.4 Blogs, Microblogs, Webcasts, Podcasts and Wikis
2.7 Search Tools
2.8 Summary
2.9 Keywords
2.10 Multiple Choice Questions
2.11 Terminal Questions

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2.12 Answers to Check Your Progress

2.13 Answers to Multiple Choice Questions
2.14 Further Readings

2.0 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

1. Know the Origins of the Internet and the Web
2. Explain how to Access the Web Using Providers and Browsers
3. Explain Web Utilities
4. Compare Different Internet Communications
5. Know Search Tools

2.1 UNIT PREVIEW

As the name suggests Internet is a vast network that links together millions of computers worldwide. The
internet simplified lives and people around the world could easily share any document and images in very
short time. Over time, the internet has become a necessary resource to access information and has become a
place to gather and share knowledge in a simple and easy to use manner, to anyone, anywhere across the
globe.
Meenal, Nikhil’s new friend in college, has told her that she wants to add him in her Facebook friend-list.
She has also told him that she has found lot of useful information about their joint college project on Google
and wants to send the links to this information via email to Nikhil. It is high time Nikhil creates an email
account and also joins Facebook!

2.2 INTRODUCTION TO INTERNET AND WEB

2.2.1 Internet

It is a vast network of globally inter-connected computers and similar devices. This has made easy
availability of information, communication with anyone across the world, and a lot of other things possible.
All one has to do is go online which involves connecting your device to the Internet.

2.2.2 World Wide Web (www)

Popularly know as the web, can be simply understood as a pool of online content in the form of various
websites one can gain access to by connecting to the Internet. Websites may contain text, images, videos,
graphics, animations and many other features. These days more and more websites are becoming interactive.
Many websites host news articles or shows aired on the Internet. A website can be used for a lot of things.
Some of these are newspapers, photo and video library, query platform, information about organisations etc.

2.2.3 The Functioning of Internet

The Internet is a worldwide network of cables that could be fiber optics, copper telephone wires, and even
television cables. Interestingly, even wireless connections depend on physical cables to access the Internet.
If you want to visit a website, a request is sent by your computer to a server. This request is sent through
these wires. The server is somewhat like the hard drive of a computer as it stores the website. The server, on
your request, retrieves the website and responds to your request by sending the required data back to your
computer. It is notable that this entire process hardly takes a few seconds to finish.

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2.3 ORIGINS OF THE INTERNET AND THE WEB

The websites, graphics or user interface is generally very easy to understand and anyone can easily
use the internet resources. It has become our daily habit to use internet resources for various LO 1
activities in our day to day life.
• The Internet was launched in 1969.
• The Internet is a large network that connects together smaller computer networks all over the globe.
• The web, also known as the World Wide Web or WWW, was introduced in 1991.
• Before the web came into existence, the Internet was all text which means that it did not support
graphics, animations, sound or video.
• The web supported these elements (graphics, animation, video etc.). It also provided a multimedia
interface to resources available on the Internet.

2.3.1 Web 1.0

• Was the first stage of development of World Wide Web.
• It focused on linking the existing information.
• It is during this time that search programs such as Google Search, were created.
• These search programs provided links to websites that contained specific words or phrases that were used
in the search box.

2.3.2 Web 2.0

• Came into existence in 2001.
• It supported more dynamic content creation and social interaction.
• Facebook is one of the best-known web 2.0 applications.

2.3.3 Web 3.0

• It is the current generation.
• It is very advanced.
• It focuses on applications that automatically prepare personalised content for users.
• For example, Google now uses data from the web (e.g. an person’s calendar of planned activities,
weather reports and traffic reports), it then searches for interrelationships among the data (e.g. the effect
of weather and traffic on an person’s planned daily travel to work) and automatically presents relevant
information to the user (e.g. sends an early morning message to the person’s smartphone regarding
expected bad weather and/or traffic delays).

2.3.4 Difference Between Internet and Web

Internet Web
The Internet is the physical network. The web is a system of accessing information on the
internet.
It is made up of wires, cables, satellites. It is made up of websites and other in formation such as
images, sounds and videos.
Used for exchanging information between computers You can access the information available on the web
connected to the network. through the internet.

2.3.5 Uses of the Internet and Web

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Communication
• Communication is the most popular Internet activity.
• You can exchange e-mail, photos and videos with your family and friends from almost anywhere in the
world.
• You can find old friends and make new friends.
• Examples of online resources used for communication are: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and LinkedIn.

Shopping
• Shopping is one of the fastest-growing Internet trends.
• You can look for what you want to buy and then make purchases.
• Examples of online shopping resources are Myntra, Amazon and Flipkart.

Searching
• If you need any information you can directly search for it on the web.
• You can search for any information sitting at home.
• Google is the most popular site used for searching information

Education
• e-Learning is another fast developing web application.
• You can take classes on almost any subject online.
• You can learn anything without stepping out of your house.
• Examples of education related apps are Simplilearn, Khanacademy, Udemy etc.

Entertainment
• You can easily find music, movies, magazines, computer games etc.
• Examples for entertainment related sites are: YouTube, Amazon Prime, Netflix etc.

2.1 Check Your Understanding

(i) What is the difference between Internet and web now?
(ii) What is the relation between the two?

2.4 HOW TO ACCESS THE WEB USING PROVIDERS AND BROWSERS LO 2

Providers
• You can access the Internet through an Internet service provider (ISP).
• The providers are already connected to the Internet.
• They provide a path or connection for people to access the Internet.
The most widely used commercial Internet service providers use telephone lines, cable and/or wireless
connections. Some of the best-known providers in India are BSNL, Airtel, Idea and Vodafone.

Browsers
Browsers are programs that connect you to remote computers. It can be used to open and transfer files,
display text, images and multimedia. Browser provides an easy interface in one tool to the Internet and web
documents. Some well-known browsers are Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer and Apple
Safari.
These addresses are called uniform resource locators (URLs). All URLs have at least two basic parts:

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The first part presents the protocol used to connect to the resource. Protocols are rules for exchanging
• data between computers. The protocol https is used for web traffic and is one of the most widely used
Internet protocols.
• The second part is the domain name. It indicates the specific address where the resource is located.
• In https://www.google.com:
○ Protocol: https://
○ Domain name: www.google.com
○ Top Level Domain(TLD): .com

2.4.1 Types of Internet Connections

Wired Internet Connection
It refers to an Internet connection to a physical location established through a cable. Three types of wired
Internet connections are popular across the world. These are fiber, DSL, and coaxial cable. The difference
between these three types of connections lies in the type of cables they use – coaxial cables are popular with
cable television companies, fiber is used by fiber optic users, and copper wires are used in DSL connections.
Wireless Internet Connection
This type of Internet connection uses radio waves to connect to computers and other electronic devices.
Other popular wireless internet connections include LAN (Local Area Network) and Wi-Fi hotspots. Here,
internet connection is established by connecting network hubs with the help of cables, fiber optics etc with
WiFi routers. The routers then transmit the signals to the corresponding devices.
A comparison of Wired and Wireless Connections is given below:

Wired Network Wireless Network

Access depends on connectivity to port or by cable It is possible to access network when within the range
Usually not as easy as wireless networks but file More convenient to transfer files since no cable is required.
sharing speed might be better However, file sharing speed may be slower compared to wired
network.
Problems may arise due to the need for lots of Lack of cables makes it less complicated
cables and ports
Wired networks are not beneficial for businesses For business entities, customers often prefer wireless and thus
and their use is often restricted to conventional using wireless network is beneficial for business
offices
Wired networks are usually found to be faster and Wireless networks are often found to be slower and less reliable
more reliable
More secure compared to wireless networks Less secure compared to wired networks since it is possible to
access both the information as well as the bandwidth
Establishing a wired network can often be Establishing a wireless network can be expensive and at times
expensive and at times difficult difficult

Today, it is common to access the Internet from a variety of mobile devices like smartphones and tablets.
Special browsers called mobile browsers are designed to run on these portable devices. Unlike a traditional
web browser that is typically displayed on a large screen, a mobile browser is displayed on a very small
screen and special navigational tools are required to conveniently view web content. The smartphones, for
example, enables you to “pinch” or “stretch” the screen with two fingers to zoom web content in and out.

2.2 Check Your Understanding

(i) How would you access the web using providers and browsers?
(ii) Try working on different browsers and see which one you like the most.

2.5 WEB UTILITIES LO 3

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2.5.1 What are Web Utilities

• Utilities are programs that make computing easier.
• Web utilities are specialised utility programs that require to use the Internet and the web easier and safer.
• Some of the utilities are browser-related programs that either become part of your browser or are
executed from your browser.
• Some utilities are designed to protect children from dangerous and inappropriate website material.
File transfer utilities allow you to efficiently copy files to and from your computer across the Internet.
Internet security suites enhance security and privacy.

2.5.2 Plug-ins

• Plug-ins are programs that start automatically and operate as a part of your browser. As the name
suggests, they “plug in” to the browser to give more functionality. Increasingly, plugins offer a wide
variety of software applications that take on the role of traditional desktop applications.
• Many websites require you to have one or more plug-ins to fully experience their content.
• Some widely used plug-ins include:
○ Acrobat Reader from Adobe—for viewing and printing a variety of standard forms and other
documents saved in a special format called PDF.
○ Flash Player from Adobe—for viewing videos, animations and other media.
○ VLC media player—free source that plays most media files like audio/video CDs and DVDs.
○ Windows Media Player from Microsoft—for playing audio files, video files and much more.
○ Grammarly – for correcting spelling, grammar and other syntax issues in documents.

Some of these utilities are included in many of today’s browsers and operating systems. Others must be
installed before they can be used by your browser.

2.5.3 Filters

• Filters block access to selected sites.

• The Internet is an interesting and multifaceted arena.
• However, activities on the Internet are not appropriate for all audiences.
• Parents, in particular, are concerned about children roaming unrestricted across the Internet.
• Filter programs allow parents as well as organisations to block out selected sites and set time limits.
• These programs can monitor use and generate reports detailing the total time spent on the Internet and the
time spent at individual websites.

2.5.4 File Transfer Utilities

File transfer utility software allows you to copy files to your computer from specially configured servers.
This is called downloading. You also can use file transfer utility software to copy files from your computer
to another computer on the Internet. This is called uploading. Three popular types of file transfer are FTP,
web-based and BitTorrent.
• File transfer protocol (FTP) and secure file transfer protocol (SFTP) allows you to efficiently copy
files to and from your computer across the Internet and are frequently used for uploading changes to a
website hosted by an Internet service provider. FTP has been used for decades and still remains one of the
most popular methods of file transfer. Most downloads are offered via either HTTP or FTP even today,
e.g. a lot of open-source software from github Website.
• Web-based file transfer services make use of a web browser to upload and download files. This
eliminates the need for any custom software to be installed. Some of the popular web-based file transfer

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services include sites such as Dropbox.com, Google Drive and Microsoft OneDrive.
• BitTorrent distributes file transfers across many different computers for more efficient downloads,
unlike other transfer technologies whereby a file is copied from one computer on the Internet to another.
A single file might be located on dozens of individual computers. When you download the file, each
computer sends you a tiny piece of the larger file, making BitTorrent well suited for transferring very
large files. Unfortunately, BitTorrent technology often has been used for distributing unauthorised copies
of copyrighted content.

2.5.5 Internet Security Suites

• An Internet security suite is a collection of utility programs designed to maintain your security and
privacy while you are on the web.
• These programs control spam, protect against computer viruses, provide filters and much more.
• You could buy each program separately; however, the cost of the suite is typically much less.
• Two of the best-known Internet security suites are McAfee’s Internet Security and Quick Heal.

2.3 Check Your Understanding

(i) How would you explain the concept of Web Utilities?
(ii) List down all the web utilities that you have learnt about.

2.6 COMPARE DIFFERENT INTERNET COMMUNICATIONS LO 4

• Communication is the most popular Internet activity.

• At a personal level, friends and family can stay in contact with one another even when separated by
thousands of miles.
• At a business level, electronic communication has become a standard way to stay in touch with suppliers,
employees and customers.
• Some popular types of Internet communication are e-mail, messaging, social networking, blogs,
microblogs, webcasts, podcasts and wikis.

2.6.1 E-mail
• E-mail or electronic mail is the transmission of electronic messages over the Internet.
• A typical e-mail message has three basic elements: header, message and signature.
• The header appears first and typically includes the following information:
○ Addresses: E-mail messages typically display the address of the person or persons to whom the e-
mail is sent. An e-mail addresses have two basic parts. The first part is the user’s name and the second
part is the domain name, which includes the top-level domain. So, in an e-mail id
[email protected]:
▪ pg is user name
▪ goeleduinstitute.com is the server providing e-mail service for the user
▪ .com is the top level domain
○ Subject: A one-line description, used to present the topic of the message. Subject lines typically are
displayed when a person checks his or her mailbox.
○ Attachments: Many e-mail programs allow you to attach files such as documents and images. If a
message has an attachment, the file name typically appears on the attachment line.
• The letter or message comes next.
• Finally, the signature identifies the sender. This information may include the sender’s name, address and
telephone number. For many business communications, the signature also includes the sender’s company
name, address, telephone number, company’s website address and social media handles.

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E-mail can be a valuable asset in your personal and professional life. However, like many other valuable
technologies, there are drawbacks too. We receive billions of unwanted and unsolicited e-mails every year.
This unwelcome mail is called spam. While spam is indeed a distraction and nuisance, it also can be
dangerous. For example, computer viruses or destructive programs are often attached to unsolicited e-mail.
India does not have any anti-spam law. What we have is Information Technology Act which speaks of
punishment for misusing confidential information. A more effective approach to controlling spam has been
the development and use of spam blockers, also known as spam filters. Most e-mail programs provide
limited spam-blocking capabilities. Additionally, powerful specialised spam-blocking programs are
available.

2.6.2 Messaging

While e-mail was one of the first and is one of the most popular electronic messaging systems, other
messaging systems have followed. Two of the best known are text messaging and instant messaging.
1. Text messaging
(a) It is also known as texting or SMS (short message service).
(b) It is the process of sending a short electronic message, typically less than 160 characters, using a
wireless network to another person, who views the message on a mobile device such as a
smartphone.
(c) It is one of the most widely used ways to send very short messages from one individual to another.
(d) While text messaging was originally limited to characters, you can now send images, video and
sound using a variation of SMS known as MMS (multimedia messaging service).
(e) There are drawbacks of using this technology in the wrong way. A great deal of attention has been
directed toward texting while driving. Studies have concluded that texting while driving had a
greater negative impact on driver safety than being drunk. Several countries have passed laws
prohibiting texting while driving.
2. Instant messaging (IM)
(a) Allows two or more people to contact each other via direct, live communication.
(b) In order to use instant messaging, you will have to register with an instant messaging service, such
as Facebook Messenger or Google Hangouts or WhatsApp and then specify a list of friends.
(c) Whenever you connect to the Internet, your IM service is
notified.
(d) It then notifies you of all your friends who are available to chat and notifies your friends who are
online that you are available.
(e) You can then send messages directly back and forth to one another.
(f) Most instant messaging programs also include video conferencing features, file sharing and
remote assistance.
(g) Many businesses routinely use these instant messaging features.
(h) Two of the most popular instant messaging services are Facebook Messenger and Google
Hangouts.

2.6.3 Social Networking

Social networking is one of the fastest-growing and most significant web 2.0 applications. Social
networking sites focus on connecting people and organisations that share a common interest or activity.
These sites typically provide a wide array of tools that facilitate meeting, communicating and sharing. There
are hundreds of social networking sites. Some of the best known are Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Pinterest,
Google+ and LinkedIn.

Facebook

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Facebook was initially launched by five students of Harvard University in 2004 for the students of this
• institute only.
• By 2008 it was the most widely used social networking site.
• It now has a billion users worldwide.
• Facebook provides many features and applications; this includes instant messaging, photo and video
sharing, games and much more.
There are three basic categories of Facebook users:
1. Individuals create Facebook Profiles, which may include photos, lists of personal interests, contact
information and other personal information. These profiles are available to friends, family members
and others who may be searching for old friends, lost relatives or people who share a common interest.
Facebook profiles are easy to create and update.
2. Businesses create Facebook Pages to promote products and services. Public figures such as politicians
and entertainers use Facebook Pages to connect to their constituents and fans. Facebook Pages have
become a standard way for promoters, musicians and other celebrities to promote themselves.
3. Communities of individuals who share a common interest often create Facebook groups. These groups
allow a number of people to come together online to share information and discuss specific subjects.
Typically, groups are organised around topics, events or ideas. Facebook Pages are widely used by
clubs and political organisations to coordinate activities and share information.

Google+(pronounced as Google Plus)

• Google+ was launched in 2011.
• It is a combination of some of Google Inc.’s previously existing services with some new services.
• These new services include:
○ Circles for grouping individuals according to common interests or other criteria.
○ Hangouts for communicating with group chat up to 150 people and group call up to 10 people at a
time.

LinkedIn
• Linkedin was launched in 2003.
• It has become the premier business-oriented social networking site.
• It is the largest social networking site focusing on business professionals.
• It has over 100 million users.
• LinkedIn provides tools to maintain business contacts, develop extended business networks, research
individual businesses.

2.6.4 Blogs, Microblogs, Webcasts, Podcasts and Wikis

In addition to social networking sites, there are other web 2.0 applications that help ordinary people
communicate across the web, including blogs, microblogs, webcasts, podcasts and wikis. These
communication alternatives offer greater flexibility and security; however, they are often more complex to
set up and maintain.

Blogs
• Many individuals create personal websites, called blogs or web logs, to keep in touch with friends and
family.
• Blog postings are time-stamped and arranged with the newest item first.
• Often, readers of these sites are allowed to comment.
• Some blogs are like online diaries with personal information; others focus on information about a hobby
or theme, such as knitting, electronic devices or good books.
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• Although most are written by individual bloggers, there are also group blogs with multiple contributors.
• Some businesses and newspapers also have started blogging as a quick publishing method.
• Several sites provide tools to create blogs. Two of the most widely used are Blogger and WordPress.

Microblog
• A microblog publishes short sentences that take only a few seconds to write, rather than long posts.
• Microblogs are designed to keep friends and other contacts up to date on your interests and activities.
• Twitter is the most popular microblogging site.

Webcasts
• Both webcasts and podcasts deliver media content such as music and movies over the Internet to your
computer.
• Webcasts use streaming technology in which audio and video files are continuously downloaded to your
computer while you are listening to and/or viewing the file content.
• After a webcast has been completed, there are no files remaining on your computer.
• Webcasts typically broadcast live events.
• For example, the popular website YouTube.com as well as other sites routinely webcast live movie
premiers and sporting events.

Podcasts
• Podcasts do not use streaming technology.
• Before a podcast can be run, the media files have to be downloaded and saved to your computer.
• Once downloaded, the files can be run to listen to music or watch a movie as often as you would like.
• The media files can also be transferred from your computer to a media player such as an iPod.
• Podcasts are widely used to download music, tutorials and educational training.

Wiki
• A wiki is a website specially designed to allow visitors to use their browser to add, edit or delete the site’s
content.
• Wikis support collaborative writing in which community of writers build knowledge over time.
• Perhaps the most famous example is Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia, written and edited by anyone
who wants to contribute, that has millions of entries in over 20 languages.
Creating blogs and wikis are examples of web authoring.

Search Tools
The web can be an incredible resource, providing information on nearly any topic. There are over 20 billion
pages and more being added daily; the web is a huge collection of interrelated pages. With so much
available information, locating the exact information that you need can be difficult.
There are a number of organisations called search services that operate websites that can help you locate the
information you need.
Search services have huge databases relating to information provided on the web and the Internet. The
information stored at these databases includes addresses, content descriptions or classifications and
keywords appearing on web pages and other Internet informational resources. Special programs called
spiders continually look for new information and update the search services’ databases. Search services also
provide special programs called search engines that you can use to locate specific information on the web.

2.4 Check Your Understanding

(i) What are the ways internet can be used for communication?
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(ii) Which one is your favorite mode of communication on the Internet and why?

2.7 SEARCH TOOLS LO 5

• Search engines are expert programs that assist you in locating information on the web and the Internet.
• To find information, you go to a search service’s website and use its search engine.
• To use a search website, you enter a keyword related to the information you want.
• The search engine will compare your entry with the information in its database and will return related
sites that contain the words that you typed in (also known as keywords).
• It provides links to the referenced web pages and each such link is called a hit.
• A brief description of the information contained at that location is also shown below the link.
• Many searches result in a large number of hits.
• For example, if you were to enter the keyword music, you would get billions of hits.
• Search engines order the hits according to those sites that most likely contain the information requested
and present the list to you in that order, usually in groups of 10.
Every search service maintains its own database. So, the hits returned by one search engine will not
necessarily be the same hits returned by another search engine. Therefore, when researching a topic, it is
best to use more than one search engine.

Search Site
Google www.google.com
Yahoo! www.yahoo.com
Bing www.bing.com
Ask www.ask.com

2.5 Check Your Understanding

(i) How would you explain the concept of search tools?
(ii) Which one is your favorite?

Check Your Progress

Answer the following questions in the provided space.
1. State how the Internet and the web started.

2. List and describe five of the most common uses of the Internet and the web.

3. What are plug-ins and filters used for?

4. What are Internet security sites?

Fill in the blanks.

1. The web, also known as the World Wide Web or WWW, was introduced in _________.

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2. ________ is the most popular site used for searching information.

3. File transfer utility software allows you to copy files to your computer from specially configured
servers. This is called __________.
4. In an e-mail id [email protected]; pg is ___________.
State whether the following statements are True or False.
1. E-mail was one of the first and most popular electronic messaging systems.
2. You also can use file transfer utility software to copy files from your computer to another computer
on the Internet. This is called uploading.
3. Filters allow you to access selected sites.
4. While spam is indeed a distraction and nuisance, it can never be dangerous.

2.8 SUMMARY
1. Internet is a vast network that links together millions of computers worldwide. It simplifies lives and
people around the world could easily share any document, images in very short time.
2. The most widely used commercial Internet service providers use telephone lines, cable and/or wireless
connections.
3. Browsers are programs that connect you to remote computers. It can be used to open and transfer files,
display text, images and multimedia.
4. File transfer utility software allows you to copy files to your computer from specially configured servers.
This allows you to download and upload.
5. Communication is the most popular Internet activity at business level; electronic communication has
become a standard way to stay in touch with suppliers, employees and customers

2.9 KEYWORDS
Downloading : File transfer utility software allows you to copy files to your computer
from specially configured servers. This is called downloading.
Uploading : You also can use file transfer utility software to copy files from your
computer to another computer on the Internet. This is called uploading.
File transfer protocol : Allows you to efficiently copy files to and from your computer across
(FTP) and secure file the Internet and are frequently used for uploading changes to a website
transfer protocol (SFTP) hosted by an Internet service provider.
Plug-ins : Plug-ins are programs that start automatically and operate as a part of
your browser.

2.10 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Using file transfer utility software, you can copy files to your computer from specially configured
servers on the Internet. This is called:
(a) downloading
(b) blogging
(c) filtering
(d) uploading
2. Communities of individuals who share a common interest typically create Facebook:
(a) clients
(b) pages
(c) groups

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(d) profiles
3. The most popular microblogging site:
(a) LinkedIn
(b) Twitter
(c) Google+
(d) Wikipedia
4. Using a keyword, a search engine returns a list of related sites known as:
(a) blogs
(b) podcasts
(c) hits
(d) strikes
5. Look at the following picture

Google is a trademark of Google LLC.

This picture is an example of:
(a) Web Utility
(b) Internet Communication
(c) Internet Search tools
(d) All of the above
6. Facebook is a web application that belongs to:
(a) Web 1.0
(b) Web 2.0
(c) Web 3.0
(d) Web 4.0

2.11 TERMINAL QUESTIONS

1. Write a short note on web cast and pod casts.
2. What is the difference between internet and web?
3. Name the different types of web utilities and explain each one of them.
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11/25/2020 Basic IT Skills

4. What are browsers?

5. What are file transfer utilities?
6. What are the uses of internet and web?

2.12 ANSWERS TO CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

Fill in the blanks
1. 1991
2. Google
3. downloading
4. user name
True or False
1. True
2. True
3. False
4. False

2.13 ANSWERS TO MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. (a)
2. (c)
3. (b)
4. (c)
5. (c)
6. (b)

2.14 FURTHER READINGS

• Deitel, P., & Deitel, H. (2018) Internet and World Wide Web: How to program (5th ed.). London, UK:
Pearson.
• Gralla, P. (2006) How the Internet Works. London, UK: Pearson.
• (2012) Internet address password log (red). New York, NY: Peter Pauper Press.
• https://www.internetsociety.org/internet/how-it-works/?gclid=EAIaIQobChMI2OyMlI3M5g
IVlSQrCh2mEAvFEAAYASAAEgKe-PD_BwE;https://medium.com/@User3141592/howdoes-the-
internet-work-edc2e22e7eb8; https://computer.howstuffworks.com/internet/basics/internet.htm

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