Digital Image

Processing

Assignment

Submitted By
Nitin Yadav

Roll No: 31031524050

Department Of Computer
Science,
Somaiya Vidyavihar University
SK Somaiya College
Software Used

Adobe Express
History: Adobe Express evolved from Adobe Creative Cloud Express
to provide a simplified design experience. It integrates Adobe’s
renowned creative tools with user-friendly features tailored for
beginners and professionals alike. The platform leverages Adobe’s
legacy in graphic design to make content creation accessible35.
Key Features:
 Background Removal: Effortlessly erase backdrops and
replace them with custom designs.
 Generative AI Tools: Create text effects and images using AI-
powered Adobe Firefly.
 Templates and Stock Assets: Access thousands of templates,
Adobe Stock videos, and music.
 Video Creation: Quickly design Instagram Reels or TikTok
videos with drag-and-drop functionality.
 PDF Import and Enhancement: Edit PDFs by adding text,
images, and branding elements.
 Collaboration Tools: Real-time commenting and team
collaboration features.
PhotoRoom
History: PhotoRoom, launched as an AI-powered photo editing tool,
gained popularity for its focus on e-commerce and professional image
editing. It has achieved over 100 million downloads and raised $19
million in funding to enhance its features with generative AI. The
platform is widely used by small businesses for creating polished
product images.
Key Features:
 Background Removal: Automatically removes backgrounds
with high accuracy.
 Instant Backgrounds: AI-generated studio-quality backgrounds
for product photos.
 Batch Editing: Edit multiple photos simultaneously, ideal for e-
commerce sellers.
 Object Removal: Eliminates unwanted elements with a swipe.
 Mobile Accessibility: Available on iOS and Android for on-the-
go editing.
 Pro Features: Includes HD quality exports, smart resizing, and
API integrations.
Concepts Behind

1. Background Removal
 Concept Used: Edge Detection, Image Segmentation
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 7 – Image Segmentation (Edge-based
Segmentation, Watershed Transformation, Active Contour)
 Explanation: Background removal requires identifying object
boundaries, which is done using edge detection techniques like Canny or
Sobel filters. Some methods also use deep learning-based segmentation.
2. Inserted New Background
 Concept Used: Image Composition, Image Transformation
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 5 – Image Enhancement (Image
Arithmetic)
 Explanation: The process involves layering an object over a new
background using alpha blending techniques.
3. Black Darken Filter (for Temple Object)
 Concept Used: Histogram Manipulation, Contrast Adjustment
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 5 – Image Enhancement (Histogram
Manipulation, Gray-level Transformations)
 Explanation: Darkening filters use gamma correction and histogram
equalization to adjust brightness levels.
4. Golden Filter
 Concept Used: Color Transformation, Hue Adjustment
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 4 – Image Transforms (Color Transforms,
Discrete Cosine Transform)
 Explanation: A golden filter applies hue shifts and contrast modifications
to create a warm, golden tone.
5. Perspective Adjustments (Horizontal + Vertical)
 Concept Used: Geometric Transformation, Affine Transform
  Syllabus Reference: Chapter 4 – Image Transforms (Geometric
Transformations)
 Explanation: Perspective correction applies affine transformations such
as scaling, rotation, and shearing.
6. Hue, Brightness, Contrast, Saturation Adjustments
 Concept Used: Gray-level Transformation, Histogram Manipulation
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 5 – Image Enhancement (Gray-level
Transformations, Histogram Equalization)
 Explanation: These adjustments modify pixel intensities based on
predefined mathematical transformations.
7. Sharpening
 Concept Used: High-pass Filtering, Edge Enhancement
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 5 – Image Enhancement (High-pass
Filtering, Image Sharpening)
 Explanation: Sharpening enhances edges using Laplacian or unsharp
masking filters.
8. Shadow and Highlight Adjustments
 Concept Used: Histogram Stretching, Image Enhancement in Spatial
Domain
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 5 – Image Enhancement (Point
Operations, Local Operations)
 Explanation: Adjusting highlights and shadows enhances contrast in
specific brightness ranges.
9. Object Removal
 Concept Used: Inpainting, Region Filling, Morphological Operations
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 10 – Binary Image Processing
(Morphological Image Processing, Dilation & Erosion)
 Explanation: Object removal often uses inpainting techniques that
interpolate surrounding pixels.
10. Gamma Adjustment
 Concept Used: Power-law (Gamma) Transformations
  Syllabus Reference: Chapter 5 – Image Enhancement (Gray-level
Transformations – Gamma Correction)
 Explanation: Adjusting gamma controls how image brightness is
distributed across intensities.
11. Posterization (Reducing Number of Colors)
 Concept Used: Quantization, Color Reduction
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 1 – Quantization
 Explanation: Posterization reduces the number of intensity levels using
quantization techniques.
12. Lighten/Darken Effect
 Concept Used: Histogram Shifting, Brightness Scaling
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 5 – Image Enhancement (Histogram
Manipulation, Gray-level Transformation)
 Explanation: This effect modifies pixel intensity values using point
operations.
13. Blur Effect
 Concept Used: Low-pass Filtering, Gaussian Blur
 Syllabus Reference: Chapter 5 – Image Enhancement (Spatial Domain
Filtering)
 Explanation: Blurring is achieved using filters like Gaussian or
averaging filters to reduce high-frequency details.
11 Transformed Image

Transformations applied:
 Removed Background
 Inserted New Background
 Temple structure Object- Applied Black Darken filter
(To give sunset Feel)
 Golden filter
22
Transformed Image

Transformations applied:
 Horizontal perspective -  Contrast- +7
+15  Saturation- +30
 Vertical perspective- +1  Highlights- +15
 Hue- +2  Sharpen- +12
 Brightness- +46  Warmth- -10
3
Transformed Image

Transformations applied:
 Separated cycle by Removing Background to give 3d
Appearance
 Inserted original image as background
 Removed unwanted object
 Background image transformation:-
 Brightness- +35 Sharpen- +19
 Shadow- +46 Highlights- -55
4
Transformed Image

Transformations applied:
 Adjust Gamma- 0.72
 Remove Unwanted Objects
 Brightness- +2
 Contrast- -7
 Highlights- +20
 Saturation- +27
 Sharpen- +17
5
Transformed Image

Transformations applied:

 Contrast- +100  Inserted Design object

Transformed Image

Transformations applied:

 Gamma- 1.45 %
 Posterize- 256 Level
 Lighten- 24.44%
 Blur