Expt

Aim: Use of simulator for experimentations.

Theory:
Proteus is an ECAD tool for microprocessor simulation, schematic capture, and printed circuit
board (PCB) design with many more features developed and marketed by Labcenter Electronics.
Proteus PCB design combines the ISIS schematic capture and ARES PCB layout programs to
provide a powerful, integrated and easy to use suite of tools for professional PCB Design. Its
simplicity and user friendly design made it popular among electronics hobbyists. Proteus is
commonly used for digital simulations such as microcontrollers and microprocessors and also
enables emulation of LED, LDR, USB Communication.

➢ Getting Started with Proteus ECAD Tool

In case of Proteus tool‘s versions below 8 the process to start was very simple since, ISIS
Schematic Capture and ARES PCB Layout were two independent parts of the same tool. To
initiate a schematic/ PCB layout design you have to just double click on the corresponding icons.

To save the projects in ISIS Schematic Capture and ARES PCB Layout we need to use the Save
Design and Save Layout respectively.

While we move on to the higher versions like Proteus 8 Professional and higher the steps are
little different. From the Proteus 8 Professional version onwards all the facilities are linked
together. The below steps describes the step-by-step procedure to get started with Proteus 8
Professional version;

1. Double click on the Proteus 8 Professional icon in the desktop or select the same for the
Start Menu.

2. New ProjectThe Home page of the tool opens up. Select File
3. Now the New Project Wizard pops up where you can enter the name of the project,
location of saving the project. Also you can select the option either to start a project from
scratch or to enhance the project from an existing development board project.

4. Once the selection is made you can click Next (here it‘s have considered New project).
Then the next dialog box opens which asks you whether you need to draw a schematic. If
you just need to a PCB layout only no need of drawing the schematic then you can click
 Next without making any changes. Once schematic creation is selected then the template
size is selected (Generally DEFAULT).

5. On clicking Next, the dialog box proceeds and asks whether you need to include PCB
layout design for the project. Similar to the case of schematic here also you can make the
required decision and proceed further. On selecting the PCB layout design addition then
you can select an appropriate template (Generally DEFAULT).
6. Now the dialog box proceeds and prompts whether you need to add a firmware or not.
The selection of firmware is normally selected when we need to simulate a
microcontroller project, such that coding and compiling can be done using Proteus itself.

7. Now the dialog box proceeds and displays the summary of the options included in the
project and the locations in which they are saved.
 8. Click on Finish, if the project creation was as per your wish or if you need to make any
alterations go Back and make it and proceed again and click Finish.

Getting Started with ISIS Schematic Capture

Open the ‗ISIS Professional‘ from PROTEUS. This is the application where the simulations of
the circuits can be tested. But the same file can be further processed to transform it into a layout.
Layout is the final design which is needed in order to make the PCB of a circuit. To make the
schematic, first we must have its raw design. For this, after installing Proteus, run ISIS/ISIS
Professional hence the following window appears;

The main window consists of various parts, a brief description of each part is mentioned below;

1. Schematic Editor window / Editing Window:

This is the space used to draw the schematic. Blue box indicates the editable area, we must
place/put the components inside it. Note that this window doesn‘t contain any scroll bar, you can
use the preview window on the top left corner to change the schematic visual range. The size of
the editable area can be changed by selecting the option Set Sheet size from the System Menu.

2. Preview window / Overview Window:

The space on the left side of the window aside of the mode selection toolbar. It performs separate
functions namely in component mode and editor mode. When you are in the component mode,
the list of components selected will be displayed and when we select a component, the preview
of the element will be shown in the preview window. Once we enter to the editor mode and when
the mouse focus falls on the principle diagram editor window that is, place the component into
the schematic editor window or click the mouse in the Editing window, the preview window will
display the entire schematic diagram as a thumbnail. The content of the current diagram will be
denoted by a green box in the preview window. You can use the mouse to click on it to change
the location of the green box, thereby changing the schematic visual range.

3. Model Selection Toolbar (Mode Selector Toolbar):

a) Main Modes:

i. Select elements/ components. (Selected by default)

ii. Place the connection point
iii. Place a label (Used in case of use of bus in schematic)
iv. Place text
v. Drawing bus
vi. Placing subcircuits
 vii. Enables instant editing component parameters ( first click on the icon and then click the
element you want to modify )
b) Tools:

i. Terminal interface (terminals) – You can select VCC, ground, output, input and other
interfaces by entering this mode.
ii. Device Pin : for drawing pin
iii. Emulation chart (graph) - Used while performing various analyzes, such as Noise
Analysis, etc.
iv. Recorder
v. Signal generator.
vi. Voltage Probe - Used along with simulation charts
vii. Current probe - Used along with simulation charts
viii. Virtual Instrument – Used for placing instruments like CRO, Logic Analyzer, etc. c.
c) 2D graphics (2D Graphics)

i. Draw line
ii. 2. Draw box
iii. Draw circle
iv. Draw arc
v. Draw polygons
vi. Draw text
vii. Draw symbols
viii. Paintings, origin, etc.
4. Component List (The Object Selector):

This lists out the selected components while in Component mode, list out the various terminal
interface available when you enter the Terminals mode, list out the various signal generators
available when you enter the Generators mode, list out the various charts/graphs available when
you enter the Graph mode and so on. For example , when you select Components mode from the
mode selector tool bar and click the " P " button which opens a component selection dialog box,
select an element and click on the " OK ". Then the device/component selected will be displayed
in the list of elements, later you can use this element in the component list by entering to
component mode and clicking on the element in the list.

5. Toolbars direction (Orientation Toolbar):

 a) Rotate : The rotation angle can be an integer multiple of 90 .

b) Flip: Flip Horizontal and vertical flip. Right-click the component , and then click the
corresponding rotation icon.

6. Simulation Toolbar

i. Run
ii. Single-step operation
iii. Pause
iv. Stop
7. Selecting the components
a) Click the "P" button in the Component List/Object Selector, then a Component dialog
box appears
b) In the Keywords box of the dialog box , enter the name of the component required Eg:
ATMEGA16, then it produces the following results :

8. Once you find the preview of the component arrives in the dialog box then you can Click
OK, and close the dialog box , then the components listed in the list ATMEGA16.
9. Place all the required components and the component list gets updated like;

10. To place the place to the schematic area select the required component in the component
list and left click in the schematic editor window, so that the component will be placed in
the Schematic Editor window. Similarly place all the components to the schematic editor
window.
 11. To add Ground & VCC to the schematic select the terminals icon from the mode selector
toolbar then the dialog displaying the available terminal points will appear;

12. Click on GROUND, and left-click in the schematic editor window, so that the "ground"
will be placed into the Schematic Editor window.
13. While placing components pay attention to place them inside the blue box of work area.
14. To make connection just bring the cursor to the tip of the pins available on the
components placed, then you can see the tip changes its icon shape from arrow to pencil.
Click on that point and move the cursor to the destination node/pin tip and click again
once you have reached the destination tip/node point. You can see that the cursor icon
shape has re-transformed to arrow icon. By default, VSS, VDD, VEE don't need
connections , the default VSS = 0V, VDD = 5V, VEE =-5V, GND = 0V

To delete/move any connections or components, select edit icon for mode selector toolbar and
click on the desired component/connections and perform the required action by pressing
DELETE button/ drag the component/connections.