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HTML For Beginners

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is a markup language used to structure web pages through various tags that define the document's layout and content. HTML5, the latest version, introduces new features such as multimedia support, improved semantic elements, and enhanced user interaction capabilities. The document also outlines various HTML tags, their descriptions, and their usage in formatting, forms, images, audio/video, links, lists, tables, and meta information.

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9 views9 pages

HTML For Beginners

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is a markup language used to structure web pages through various tags that define the document's layout and content. HTML5, the latest version, introduces new features such as multimedia support, improved semantic elements, and enhanced user interaction capabilities. The document also outlines various HTML tags, their descriptions, and their usage in formatting, forms, images, audio/video, links, lists, tables, and meta information.

Uploaded by

teenunavanjana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to HTML

●​ HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is a markup language which consists of tags


embedded in the text of a document.
●​ The browser reading the document interprets these markup tags to help format the
document for subsequent display to a reader.
●​ The browser displays the document with regard to features that the viewer selects either
explicitly or implicitly. Factors affecting the layout and presentation include:
○​ The markup tags used.
○​ The physical page width.
○​ The fonts are used to display the text.
○​ The color depth of the display.

●​ The browser ignores extra spaces and new lines between words and markup tags when
reading the document.
●​ Thus, the following three text fragments will be formatted identically

HTML5?

Introduction: HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. It is used to design web pages
using a markup language. HTML is an abbreviation of Hypertext and Markup language.
Hypertext defines the link between the web pages. The markup language is used to define the
text document within the tag which defines the structure of web pages. HTML 5 is the fifth and
current version of HTML. It has improved the markup available for documents and has
introduced application programming interfaces (API) and Document Object Model (DOM).

Features:

●​ It has introduced new multimedia features which supports both audio and video controls
by using <audio> and <video> tags.
●​ There are new graphics elements including vector graphics and tags.
●​ Enrich semantic content by including <header> <footer>, <article>, <section> and
<figure> are added.

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●​ Drag and Drop- The user can grab an object and drag it further dropping it to a new
location.
●​ Geo-location services- It helps to locate the geographical location of a client.
●​ Web storage facility which provides web application methods to store data on the web
browser.
●​ Uses SQL database to store data offline.
●​ Allows drawing various shapes like triangle, rectangle, circle, etc.
●​ Capable of handling incorrect syntax.
●​ Easy DOCTYPE declaration i.e., <!doctype html>
●​ Easy character encoding i.e., <meta charset=”UTF-8″>

Structure of the HTML

Example Explained
●​ The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration defines that this document is an HTML5 document
●​ The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
●​ The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
●​ The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in the
browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
●​ The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container for all the visible
contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.
●​ The <h1> element defines a large heading
●​ The <p> element defines a paragraph

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Tages Used In HTML 5

Formatting
Tag Description

<acronym> Not supported in HTML5. Use <abbr> instead.


Defines an acronym

<abbr> Defines an abbreviation or an acronym

<address> Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document/article

<b> Defines bold text

<bdi> Isolates a part of text that might be formatted in a different direction from
other text outside it

<bdo> Overrides the current text direction

<big> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.


Defines big text

<blockquote> Defines a section that is quoted from another source

<center> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.


Defines centered text

<cite> Defines the title of a work

<code> Defines a piece of computer code

<del> Defines text that has been deleted from a document

<dfn> Specifies a term that is going to be defined within the content

<em> Defines emphasized text

<font> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.


Defines font, color, and size for text

<i> Defines a part of text in an alternate voice or mood

<ins> Defines a text that has been inserted into a document

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<kbd> Defines keyboard input

<mark> Defines marked/highlighted text

<meter> Defines a scalar measurement within a known range (a gauge)

<pre> Defines preformatted text

<progress> Represents the progress of a task

<q> Defines a short quotation

<rp> Defines what to show in browsers that do not support ruby annotations

<rt> Defines an explanation/pronunciation of characters (for East Asian


typography)

<ruby> Defines a ruby annotation (for East Asian typography)

<s> Defines text that is no longer correct

<samp> Defines sample output from a computer program

<small> Defines smaller text

<strike> Not supported in HTML5. Use <del> or <s> instead.


Defines strikethrough text

<strong> Defines important text

<sub> Defines subscripted text

<sup> Defines superscripted text

<template> Defines a container for content that should be hidden when the page
loads

<time> Defines a specific time (or datetime)

<tt> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.


Defines teletype text

<u> Defines some text that is unarticulated and styled differently from normal
text

<var> Defines a variable

<wbr> Defines a possible line-break

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ADVERTISEMENT

Forms and Input


Tag Description

<form> Defines an HTML form for user input

<input> Defines an input control

<textarea> Defines a multiline input control (text area)

<button> Defines a clickable button

<select> Defines a drop-down list

<optgroup> Defines a group of related options in a drop-down list

<option> Defines an option in a drop-down list

<label> Defines a label for an <input> element

<fieldset> Groups related elements in a form

<legend> Defines a caption for a <fieldset> element

<datalist> Specifies a list of pre-defined options for input controls

<output> Defines the result of a calculation

Frames
Tag Description

<frame> Not supported in HTML5.


Defines a window (a frame) in a frameset

<frameset> Not supported in HTML5.


Defines a set of frames

<noframes> Not supported in HTML5.


Defines an alternate content for users that do not support frames

<iframe> Defines an inline frame

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Images
Tag Description

<img> Defines an image

<map> Defines a client-side image map

<area> Defines an area inside an image map

<canvas> Used to draw graphics, on the fly, via scripting (usually JavaScript)

<figcaption> Defines a caption for a <figure> element

<figure> Specifies self-contained content

<picture> Defines a container for multiple image resources

<svg> Defines a container for SVG graphics

Audio / Video
Tag Description

<audio> Defines sound content

<source> Defines multiple media resources for media elements (<video>, <audio>
and <picture>)

<track> Defines text tracks for media elements (<video> and <audio>)

<video> Defines a video or movie

Links
Tag Description

<a> Defines a hyperlink

<link> Defines the relationship between a document and an external resource


(most used to link to style sheets)

<nav> Defines navigation links

Lists

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Tag Description

<menu> Defines an alternative unordered list

<ul> Defines an unordered list

<ol> Defines an ordered list

<li> Defines a list item

<dir> Not supported in HTML5. Use <ul> instead.


Defines a directory list

<dl> Defines a description list

<dt> Defines a term/name in a description list

<dd> Defines a description of a term/name in a description list

Tables
Tag Description

<table> Defines a table

<caption> Defines a table caption

<th> Defines a header cell in a table

<tr> Defines a row in a table

<td> Defines a cell in a table

<thead> Groups the header content in a table

<tbody> Groups the body content in a table

<tfoot> Groups the footer content in a table

<col> Specifies column properties for each column within a <colgroup> element

<colgroup> Specifies a group of one or more columns in a table for formatting

Styles and Semantics


Tag Description

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<style> Defines style information for a document

<div> Defines a section in a document

<span> Defines a section in a document

<header> Defines a header for a document or section

<hgroup> Defines a header and related content

<footer> Defines a footer for a document or section

<main> Specifies the main content of a document

<section> Defines a section in a document

<search> Defines a search section

<article> Defines an article

<aside> Defines content aside from the page content

<details> Defines additional details that the user can view or hide

<dialog> Defines a dialog box or window

<summary> Defines a visible heading for a <details> element

<data> Adds a machine-readable translation of a given content

Meta Info
Tag Description

<head> Defines information about the document

<meta> Defines metadata about an HTML document

<base> Specifies the base URL/target for all relative URLs in a document

<basefont> Not supported in HTML5. Use CSS instead.


Specifies a default color, size, and font for all text in a document

Programming
Tag Description

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<script> Defines a client-side script

<noscript> Defines an alternate content for users that do not support client-side
scripts

<applet> Not supported in HTML5. Use <embed> or <object> instead.


Defines an embedded applet

<embed> Defines a container for an external resource

<object> Defines a container for an external resource

<param> Defines a parameter for an object

<!DOCTYPE> Defines the document type

<html> Defines an HTML document

<head> Contains metadata/information for the document

<title> Defines a title for the document

<body> Defines the document's body

<h1> to <h6> Defines HTML headings

<p> Defines a paragraph

<br> Inserts a single line break

<hr> Defines a thematic change in the content

<!--...--> Defines a comment

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