CHAPTER 3
ICT SKILLS
QUESTION AND ANSWERS
1. Differentiate between the following: -
Answer -
a. System and Application Software – System software is the
kind of software which is the interface between the application
software and the system. This kind of software is written in
low-level language. Whereas Application software is the kind of
software which runs according to the user. This kind of
software is written in a high-level language.
b. Printers and Plotters – A printer is a device that brings images
and text on the page with the help of commands given through
a network. On the other hand, a Plotter is a device that draws
pictures on the page with the help of commands given through
a computer.
c. Serial Port and Parallel Port – A serial port is able to transmit a
single stream of data at a time. It sends data bit by bit after
sending bit at a time whereas a parallel port is able to transmit
data streams at a time. It takes place in a line of 8 bits at a time.
2. Define ICT.
Answer – Information and communication technology is a system
used to control, manage, process, and create information through
telecommunication technologies and computers.
3. Which ICT skills do you need at home?
Answer – We should be able to safely switch on the computer, log
in, log out, and shut down safely.
4. What is a light pen?
Answer – A light pen is a pointing device shaped like a pen and is
connected to a VDV. The tip of the light pen contains a light-
sensitive element which, when placed against a screen, detects the
light from the screen enabling the computer to identify the location
of the pen on the screen. We generally use it to make a selection or
draw anything on a screen.
5. What are laser printers? Where are they used?
Answer - A laser printer works just like a photocopy machine that
prints the output at a high speed and good quality. It creates images
using a laser beam and powered ink called toner. It is more
expensive than Ink Jet Printers and can be used for home or
business purposes.
6. What does Motherboard consist of?
Answer – Motherboard or the main board consists of a board
containing electric circuits that connect all the important
components of the computer, then, the motherboard is the central
nervous system making it backbone or spine of a computer system.
7. What are protocols? Give two examples.
Answer – When different devices of different hardware and
software configurations communicate in a network, then, there has
to be a common set of rules to be followed to avoid data damage
and data collision. These standardized sets of rules that govern the
transmission of data and information efficiently between different
computers connected in an internet are called protocols. These are
different types of protocols used for different types of data
transmission. These are –
• HTTP
• HTTPS
• FTP
• TCP/TP
• SMTP
8. What is a web browser? Give an example.
Answer – A web browser is an application software designed to
access web information through hyperlinks, web pages, and
websites. It simplifies the process of navigating the internet by
providing a Graphical User Interface. With a few mouse clicks, by
selecting the menus and submenus, and other options, the
browsing can be done easily and the user does not have to learn
text-based commands.
Some commonly used web browsers are Google Chrome, Mozilla
Firefox, Microsoft Edge, Internet Explorer, etc.
9. Give any two uses of ICT at home.
Answer –
Two common uses of ICT at home are: communication through
video calls or messaging apps with family and friends and accessing
entertainment like streaming services or online gaming;
Communication:
People regularly use smartphones, computers, or tablets to make video
calls, send text messages, or use social media platforms to stay connected
with family and friends regardless of their location.
Entertainment:
ICT allows individuals to access a wide range of entertainment options like
streaming movies and TV shows on platforms like Netflix, playing online
games, listening to music through streaming services, and watching videos
on YouTube.
10. Name all components of ICT with examples.
Answer –
• Data – It is an individual unit that contains raw material given
as input in the ICT system. This data is interpreted to
generate information/processed data. For example,
student's marks of all subjects entered in a system.
• Procedures – These are methods used to pass data and
information to people involved in the ICT system. For
example, using code designed in any specific computer
language to generate a report card.
• Information – It is the processed data or output/result
generated in the ICT system. For example, generating report
cards of marks entered as data.
• People - People involved in giving inputs and generating
output using the procedures. They use the generated
information for a specific purpose. For example, marks
entered by the teacher, report generated by staff of computer
department in a school.
• Software – These are programs and applications used in ICT
systems. These are available both as front-end and back-
end tools. For example, MS Word, MS Excel, and Visual
Basic.
• Hardware – All physical components of the ICT system
which we can touch and feel are called hardware. For
example, Input Devices (mouse and keyboard), Output
Devices (monitor and printer), Processing Devices (Central
Processing Unit), and Storage Devices (hard disk).
11. What are the impacts of ICT in our professional life?
Answer- In a professional life, Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) has a significant impact by enabling improved
communication, collaboration, remote work options, increased
efficiency through automation, easier access to information, and
ultimately, enhancing productivity and competitiveness within a
workplace, allowing professionals to perform tasks more effectively
and globally, often blurring the lines between work and personal life
due to constant connectivity.
12. Why is the motherboard and important component of a
computer?
Answer – Motherboard or the main board consists of a board
containing electric circuits that connects all the important
components of the computer. If the CPU is the brain of the computer,
then, the motherboard is the central nervous system making it the
backbone or spine of a Computer system.
13. Explain the IPO cycle with an example.
Answer - All computing work revolves around three parts which are
input, process and output. These terms are interrelated.
• An input is accepted by the user through the input devices.
• It is then processed by CPU and sent to the user as an output using
output devices.
• There can be a need to store the output for later use in the storage
devices.
• Sometimes the result generated acts as an input for the next stage
of data flow.
This flow of information follows a cycle which is known as the Input-
Process-Output Cycle.
14. Differentiate between Windows and LINUX operating
system.
Answer – Unix is one of the oldest, reliable and powerful Operating
Systems developed at AT&T’s Bell Laboratories in the early 1970’s. It
has a simple user interface called Shell which interacts With the kernel
to get the work done.
Some of its important features are:
• It has a character user interface.
• It supports multiuser and multitasking. Several users can run
multiple programs or Processes simultaneously on one system.
• It has machine independent architecture written in high level
language.
• It has a hierarchical file system to represent information.
15. Differentiate between a file and a folder.
Answer – File is defined as a program that stores the data organized in
a specific format. It can be an executable (exe) file for running a
program, a Word document, a spreadsheet, an audio, a video or a
program written in any programming language. A folder is a directory
created for storing the related files or sub folders under a specific
name.
16. What is the meaning of digital India?
Answer – Digital India is a government of India initiative to make India a
digitally empowered society. The program was launched by Prime
Minister Narendra Modi on July 1, 2015. Under this scheme all the
government services are now available electronically for better and
faster execution of services to Indian citizens. Digital India has
immensely improved the online infrastructure of our country.
The country now has better Internet connectivity and progressed in the
field of Information Technology.
17. Why e shopping is more fruitful than traditional shopping?
Answer - E-shopping is often considered more fruitful than
traditional shopping because it offers greater convenience, a wider selection
of products, the ability to compare prices easily, 24/7 access, and often lower
prices due to reduced overhead costs, allowing customers to shop from the
comfort of their own home without needing to travel to a physical store,
saving both time and money.
18. Differentiate between Postal mail and Email.
Answer - Email and postal mail differ in several ways, including:
• Cost
Email is usually cost-effective and free to use, while postal mail can be expensive,
especially for large or international shipments.
• Speed
Email is typically sent and received instantly, while postal mail can take several days
to arrive.
• Purpose
Email is used for communication with individuals or small groups, while postal mail
is used for sending letters, money orders, and heavy items.
• Delivery
Email is delivered electronically, while postal mail is delivered by mail carriers,
trucks, trains, and ships.
• Accessibility
Email can be accessed from multiple devices, while postal mail is delivered to a
specific address.
19. What are the different parts of an Email address?
Explain them.
Answer - An email address is a unique logical address of an
email account in any email service provider. A user can send
and receive messages using an email address. It is made up of:
Username: It is a unique name which is not case sensitive and
spaces are not allowed.
@sign: It works as a separator of the username and domain
name in an email address.
Domain name: It is the name of the email service provider. For
example— gmail, yahoo, Hotmail, etc
(Learn all the questions and answer from solved and unsolved
exercises)
(Draw colourful Diagram given on pg.84 (Web
browsers),pg.no. 99 (Identify) , facebook icon, Twitter icon,
Whatsapp icon, YouTube icon)
