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Ananthakumar Muthusamy, Yan Pan

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Professional SQL Server® 2008 Administration with
Windows PowerShell™
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi
Chapter 1: What Is Windows PowerShell? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chapter 2: Windows PowerShell Command Types, Snap-ins, and cmdlets . . . 15
Chapter 3: Windows PowerShell Programming, Scripting, Error Handling,
and Debugging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Chapter 4: Windows PowerShell Functions, Parameters, Sourcing,
Scopes, and User Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Chapter 5: Working with the File System, Registry, and Variables . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Chapter 6: Working with Event Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Chapter 7: Working with Windows Services and Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Chapter 8: Working with WMI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Chapter 9: WMI Provider for Configuration Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Chapter 10: WMI Provider for Server Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Chapter 11: Windows PowerShell in SQL Server 2008 Environment,
SQL Server PowerShell Provider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Chapter 12: Managing Policies through SQLSERVER:\SQLPolicy . . . . . . . . . . 259
Chapter 13: Windows PowerShell and SMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Chapter 14: Building SQL Server Standards and PowerShell Coding
Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Chapter 15: Building SQL Server Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Chapter 16: SQL Server Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
Chapter 17: Collecting SQL Server Performance and Host Performance
Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
Chapter 18: Monitoring SQL Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Chapter 19: Monitoring Disk Space Usage, Database Files, and Backups . . 451
Chapter 20: Defining Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475
Chapter 21: Generating Database Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487
Appendix A: cmdlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531
 Professional
SQL Server® 2008 Administration with
Windows PowerShell™
 Professional
SQL Server® 2008 Administration with
Windows PowerShell™

Muthusamy Anantha Kumar

Yan Pan

Wiley Publishing, Inc.

Professional SQL Server® 2008 Administration with
Windows PowerShell™
Published by
Wiley Publishing, Inc.
10475 Crosspoint Boulevard
Indianapolis, IN 46256
www.wiley.com
Copyright © 2009 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
Published simultaneously in Canada
ISBN: 978-0-470-47728-1
Manufactured in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Kumar, Muthusamy Anantha, 1974-
Microsoft SQL server 2008 administration with Windows Powershell / Muthusamy Anantha Kumar, Yan Pan.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978-0-470-47728-1 (paper/website)
1. SQL server. 2. Windows PowerShell (Computer program language) I. Pan, Yan, 1976- II. Title.
QA76.73.W56K96 2009
005.2’82--dc22
2009013304
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections
107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or
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addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201)
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available in electronic books.
About the Authors
Muthusamy Anantha Kumar, aka MAK (MCTS, MCITP: Database Administrator 2008), is currently the
Senior SQL Server Database Engineer for a leading global financial services firm on Wall Street. He has
published many online articles as a contributing columnist for DatabaseJournal.com. He also pub-
lished online articles for SQL-Server-Performance.com and SQLServercentral.com. His articles can be
found at www.mssqlengineering.com. He also teaches SQL Server Database Administration online at the
University of West Florida.

MAK has been working in information technology for more than 10 years. He has worked in the technol-
ogy side of the finance, dot com, B2B, and software industries. His past clients include Fort James, Boston
Financial, PCConnection, PurchaseSoft, Merrill Lynch, and Jefferies. MAK holds an M.B.A. degree and
various certifications in the computer field.

He also teaches Microsoft SQL Server and has taught many SQL Server developers and DBAs. He has
master’s degree in Business Administration.

MAK lives in New Jersey. He can be reached at [email protected].

Yan Pan (MCITP, MCDBA, OCA) is a Senior DBA for a leading global financial services firm, where
her daily duties include administering hundreds of SQL Server and Oracle servers of every possible
version, working with business units, and troubleshooting database performance problems. She is also a
contributing columnist for DatabaseJournal.com. Her articles can be found at www.yanpansql.com.

Previously, Yan worked as a SQL Server DBA and a .NET developer at Data Based Ads, Inc., and devel-
oped two .NET Web applications. Before that, she worked at AT&T Research Labs. She designed OLAP
cubes with SQL Server Analysis Services and developed PivotTable reports for regional managers. She
has master’s degrees in Computer Science and Physics.

Yan lives in Chicago, IL. She can be reached at [email protected].

 Credits
Executive Editor Vice President and Executive
Robert Elliott Group Publisher
Richard Swadley
Development Editor
Rosanne Koneval Vice President and Executive
Publisher
Technical Editor Barry Pruett
Haidong Ji
Associate Publisher
Production Editor
Jim Minatel
Daniel Scribner

Copy Editor Project Coordinator, Cover

Luann Rouff Lynsey Stanford

Editorial Manager Proofreader

Mary Beth Wakefield Jen Larsen, Word One

Production Manager Indexer

Tim Tate Robert Swanson
 Acknowledgments

First of all, I would like to thank my fiancée, Claire Hsu. Without her moral support, this book would not
have been possible. I would like to thank my mom, Jayalakshmi Muthusamy, for bringing me into this
world. I still admire her for not losing her patience and always keeping her sense of humor. I would like
to thank my dad, Muthusamy Srinivasan, for being a friend and a teacher. I want to take this opportunity
to thank both my parents for all the compromises they made to raise both my sister and me. I would also
like to thank my sister, Anuradha, for supporting me and taking care of me.

I would like to thank my co-author, Yan Pan, especially for being both very patient when needed and
pushing me when necessary. She is a very good friend and colleague. She could always get me back on
track when I was distracted with other projects.

I would also like to thank all my friends, current and past colleagues, and relatives for their constant
inspiration.

I am very grateful to all the readers and fans of my online articles from various parts of the world. With-
out their support, comments, motivation, and critiques, this book wouldn’t have shaped up so well.

Yan and I are both grateful to Haidong Ji, aka Alex, for introducing us to Wrox-Wiley and being our
knowledgeable technical editor. We also want to thank Bob Elliot for bringing our book proposal to the
executive team and making it happen.

Last but not least, we would like to thank Rosanne Koneval and Daniel Scribner. Your questioning at the
right place, proper decision-making, and quick turnaround made this book much neater and clearer.

It is hoped that I haven’t forgotten anyone, but if I have, it was an oversight. Honest.
— MAK

First and foremost, I would like to thank my beloved husband, Yue Guo. You have always supported
and encouraged me in everything I have ever done. Thank you for your incredible patience throughout
the writing of this book. I would also like to thank my parents for all they have done for me to give me
the best life they could possibly give.

I would like to express my sincere appreciation to MAK for introducing me to technical writing and
sharing the book idea with me. Your optimism, enthusiasm, and humor have made the book-writing
journey a wonderful experience.

I am also deeply indebted to Haidong (Alex) Ji. Haidong, thank you for introducing us to Wrox. Thank
you for your suggestions, guidance, and encouragement throughout the course of this book. Your tech-
nical input and attention to detail helped us improve the quality of this book greatly.

I would also like to thank Bob Elliot, Rosanne Koneval and Daniel Scribner at Wrox. Bob, thank you for
believing in us. We started this project with plenty of enthusiasm and passion for new technology, but
not a book contract. Thank you for making our dream come true and allowing our vision of a Windows
Acknowledgments
PowerShell–powered SQL Server enterprise infrastructure to reach thousands of readers, and hopefully
making their lives easier. Rosanne, thank you for your incredible patience in cleaning up the words and
polishing everything up to get this book ready for the printer. Daniel, thank you for giving a final touch
to this book.

Finally, I’d like to thank you, my readers, for reading what I have written! Without your support and
feedback, I could not have accomplished so much.
— Yan

xii
 Contents

Introduction xxi

Chapter 1: What Is Windows PowerShell? 1

Command-Line Interfaces versus Graphical User Interfaces 1
Prerequisites for Installing Windows PowerShell 2.0 2
Installing the Microsoft .NET Framework 6
Installing Windows Remote Management 6
Installing Windows PowerShell 7
Launching Windows PowerShell 10
Using the Command console 11
Using All Programs 11
Using Start Run 11
Summary 13
Chapter 2: Windows PowerShell Command Types, Snap-ins, and cmdlets 15
PowerShell Command Types 16
Native Commands 16
PowerShell cmdlets 18
Shell Function Commands 19
Script Commands 20
Calling PowerShell cmdlets or Scripts from the Command Shell 22
PowerShell Snap-ins 23
Core 24
Host 25
PowerShell.Management 25
Security 26
Utility 27
Diagnostics 27
WsMan.Management 28
PowerShell cmdlet Syntax 28
Named Parameter 28
Positional Parameter 29
Command Chaining 30
Contents
Getting Help 31
Filtering 34
Sorting 38
Formatting 39
Summary 42

Chapter 3: Windows PowerShell Programming, Scripting,

Error Handling, and Debugging 43
PowerShell Scripts 44
PowerShell Variables 44
Arrays 48
Expressions 49
Operators 50
Conditional Expressions 52
IF Statement 53
Loop Construct 54
For Loop 55
While Loop 55
Do-While Loop 56
Do-Until Loop 56
Foreach Statement 57
Input 58
PowerShell Scripting 59
Text File As Input 62
Output 64
Writing to the Console 64
Writing to a File 65
Error Handling 67
Debugging 71
Summary 75

Chapter 4: Windows PowerShell Functions, Parameters, Sourcing,

Scopes, and User Profiles 77
Functions 77
Arguments in Functions 78
Returning Values 80
Script Parameters 81
Sourcing 84
Variable Scope 85

xiv
 Contents
Function Scope 87
User Profiles 88
Transcripts 90
Summary 91
Chapter 5: Working with the File System, Registry, and Variables 93
Using Get-PSDrive and Get-PSProvider 93
Working with File System 95
Navigating the File System 96
Managing Files and Directories 98
Managing File Contents 106
Working with the Registry 108
Working with Variables 111
Automatic Variables 113
Preference Variables 115
User-Created Variables 116
Working with Environment Variables 121
Summary 122
Chapter 6: Working with Event Logs 123
Event Log Service 124
Event Viewer 125
Event Logs 125
Log Entry Types 128
Exporting the event logs 134
PowerShell cmdlets Related to event log 136
Summary 140
Chapter 7: Working with Windows Services and Processes 141
What Is a Windows Service? 141
Windows PowerShell and Windows Services 143
Get-Service 144
Stop-Service 146
Start-Service 148
Set-Service 150
Working with Windows Processes 151
Get-Process 153
Stop-Process 155
Summary 157

xv
Contents
Chapter 8: Working with WMI 159
Permission Issues and WMI 159
The WMI Model 161
Working with Event Log 164
Working with Services 170
Working with Processes 179
Working with Environment Variables 186
Working with the Registry 190
Summary 195

Chapter 9: WMI Provider for Configuration Management 197

Managing SQL Server Services 198
Managing Client Network Protocols 203
Managing SQL Server Client Aliases 207
Managing Server Network Protocols 211
Changing FILESTREAM Settings 214
Changing SQL Server Advanced Properties 216
Summary 218

Chapter 10: WMI Provider for Server Events 219

WMI Provider for Server Events 219
WMI Query Language (WQL) 220
Event Handling with Windows PowerShell 2.0 221
Monitoring Errors from the SQL Server Error Log 225
Monitoring Deadlocks 226
Monitoring Blockings 229
Monitoring Login Changes and Failed Login Attempts 233
Monitoring Databases 235
Monitoring Database Objects 236
Summary 239

Chapter 11: Windows PowerShell in SQL Server 2008 Environment,

SQL Server PowerShell Provider 241
sqlps Utility 241
SQLSERVER: Drive and Invoke-Sqlcmd cmdlet 245
SQL Snap-ins 245
Encoding and Decoding Uniform Resource Name (URN) 256
Summary 258

xvi
 Contents
Chapter 12: Managing Policies through SQLSERVER:\SQLPolicy 259
SQLSERVER:\SQLPolicy Folder 259
Conditions 263
Policies 268
Summary 281
Chapter 13: Windows PowerShell and SMO 283
PowerShell and the SQLConnection .NET Class 283
Working with SQL Server using SMO 290
Methods and Properties 291
Getting Version Information 291
SQL Server SPID Information 292
SQL Server Server-Related Information 293
SQL Server Database-Related Information 295
Changing the Login Mode 296
Host Information 296
Performance Counters 297
Working with Databases using SMO 297
Working with Tables using SMO 304
Creating Tables 305
Listing Columns 305
Removing Columns 306
Adding Columns 307
Dropping a Table 308
Backup and Restore with SMO 308
Database Backup 308
Transaction Log Backup 311
Differential Backup 312
Restoring Full Backup 313
Restoring a Full Backup and Transaction Log Backup 313
Summary 316

Chapter 14: Building SQL Server Standards and PowerShell

Coding Standards 317
SQL Server Standards 318
SQL Server Development Standards 318
Naming Conventions 318
General Rules 320
Stored Procedure Standards 321
Keep Them Small 321
‘‘DBO’’ As Object Owner 321

xvii
Contents
Use Comments Generously 321
Select * 322
Cursors 322
Temporary Tables 322
Things to Avoid 322
Things to Use 323
Check @@ERROR 323
Use SQL Server Date Data Types 323
DML Statements 323
ANSI-Standard Join Clauses 323
Deprecated Features 324
Database Design Standard and Best Practices 324
User-Defined Tables 324
Logs 324
Split tempdb 325
Databases 325
Security and Roles 325
Auto Create and Auto Update 325
Size 325
Auto Shrink and Auto Close 325
Design and Performance 326
Store Unstructured Data 326
More Performance Guidelines 326
Data Protection Standards and Best Practices 327
Backup Policy 327
SQL Server Production Standards 327
High Availability and Disaster Recovery 327
The Administration Database 328
The Scratch Database 328
Centralized Inventory Server 328
Database File Location and RAID 328
Segregation 328
Features 328
PowerShell Coding Standard 329
Default Parameters 329
Log File 329
Log Format 329
Comments 330
Display 330
Variable Naming Convention 330
Exception Handling 330
Summary 331

xviii
 Contents
Chapter 15: Building SQL Server Inventory 333
SQL Server Inventory 333
Hosts 335
Clusters 346
ClusterNodes 350
Servers 355
Databases 368
Supplementary Tables 373
Summary 376

Chapter 16: SQL Server Installation 377

Installation Procedure and Template 377
SQL Server Installation Template 381
Standalone Installation Example 389
Cluster Installation Example 395
Summary 399

Chapter 17: Collecting SQL Server Performance and Host

Performance Data 401
SQL Server Performance Data Collection 401
SQL Server Host Performance Data Collection 408
Summary 417
Chapter 18: Monitoring SQL Server 419
Pinging SQL Server Hosts 420
Checking SQL Server–related Services on SQL Server Hosts 423
Checking Uptime of SQL Server Hosts 427
Monitoring Windows Event Logs 429
Monitoring SQL Server Error Log 433
Monitoring Blockings 439
Monitoring Deadlocks 444
Summary 449
Chapter 19: Monitoring Disk Space Usage, Database Files, and Backups 451
Monitoring Disk Space Usage 451
Monitoring Database Files 461
Monitoring Backups 468
Summary 473

xix
Contents
Chapter 20: Defining Policies 475
Stored Procedure Naming Convention Policy 475
Auto_Close and Auto_Shrink Off Policy 480
Summary 485
Chapter 21: Generating Database Scripts 487
Scripting Databases 487
Scripting Schemas 489
Scripting User-Defined Data Types 491
Scripting Tables 494
Scripting User Views 496
Scripting Stored Procedures 498
Scripting Functions 500
Scripting XML Schemas 502
Scripting Users 503
Summary 506

Appendix A: cmdlets 507

cmdlets Related to Core Snap-ins 507
cmdlets Related to the PowerShell Management Snap-in 512
cmdlets Related to the Security Snap-in 519
cmdlets Related to the Utility Snap-in 520

Index 531

xx
 Introduction

Welcome to SQL Server 2008 Administration with Windows PowerShell. This book is a nuts-and-bolts guide
to creating Windows PowerShell scripts that can be used to administer every aspect of the SQL Server
2008 Database Engine. Using a very hands-on approach, this book guides you through the basics of
Windows PowerShell, the available Windows PowerShell components that have been integrated into
SQL Server 2008, and the actual administration tasks. By providing clear, well-structured examples, SQL
Server 2008 Administration with Windows PowerShell shows you how to construct effective and practical
solutions that can improve SQL Server administration and monitoring at your company.

SQL Server 2008 delivers a dynamic, smart, and productive data platform for all your data-related
needs. SQL Server 2008 offers secure, reliable, and consistent performance. It is also very scalable and
flexible, handling any form of data. It is well known in the technology world that SQL Server 2008 is not
only a RDBMS, but also has built-in features such as Integration Services for ETL, Analysis Services for
Business Intelligence, Reporting Services for report management, and more. This is why Microsoft SQL
Server is a cut above all other database products.

Windows PowerShell 2.0 is the new extensible command-line interface shell and scripting language that
provides an environment for interactive scripting and non-interactive scripted administration of local
and remote computers. Because Windows PowerShell integrates with the Microsoft .NET Framework,
we can take advantage of all the features of .NET as well. Windows PowerShell 2.0 helps system admin-
istrators to automate and manage various aspects of the Windows environment. PowerShell 2.0 also has
many new and useful features such as remoting, eventing, and many more. For these reasons, Windows
PowerShell 2.0 stands above all the system administration products on the market.

This book brings together the best of both worlds — namely, the database world and the administra-
tion world — to help you manage, automate, and control your environment. This book combines three
technologies — SQL Server 2008, the .NET Framework, and Windows PowerShell 2.0 — and guides SQL
Server database administrators in managing a server plant using Windows PowerShell 2.0.

We’ve provided a wide range of material in a tutorial-based book to get you over the learning curve of
Windows PowerShell 2.0 and SQL Server 2008 database administration.

Who This Book Is For

Whether you are a SQL Server database administrator, a developer, or a systems administrator, at some
point you probably have had to develop or administer the system or the database in your organization.
It is also common for the people in these roles to wear each other’s hats in order to get things done.

If you are a Microsoft SQL Server database administrator, you know that you cannot manage and access
all the system resources from SQL Server. Because SQL Server runs on top of the Windows operating
system and relies on the health of the system, you need information from the system side as well. This
book will teach you to manage both SQL Server and system resources using Windows PowerShell 2.0.
Introduction
If you are a systems administrator and would like to know more about SQL Server database adminis-
tration, this book introduces you to the features in SQL Server 2008 and provides plenty of examples
demonstrating how to manage SQL Server 2008 using Windows PowerShell 2.0.

This book is also appropriate for those who have some exposure to systems administration and SQL
Server administration, or for those who want to expand their skill set to include administration.

What This Book Covers

This book covers the fundamentals of Windows PowerShell 2.0 cmdlets. It includes programming, script-
ing, debugging, and error handling in PowerShell. It covers all Windows administration related to SQL
Server 2008 using Windows PowerShell 2.0.

It also introduces Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) and explains how to write WMI scripts
in Windows PowerShell to perform system and SQL Server 2008 administrative tasks.

This book also covers the WMI providers for SQL Server. These useful providers enable you to manage
SQL Server services and network connectivity, and proactively monitor SQL Server events. You will also
discover the new Eventing feature in Windows PowerShell 2.0.

Additionally, the new SQL Server 2008 support for Windows PowerShell is presented. It illustrates the
SQL Server PowerShell provider and SQLSERVER: drive. You will also learn how to manage SQL Server
objects, including the new policy objects.

One more important topic this book covers is using SQL Server Management Objects (SMO) to create
databases and tables and perform backups and restores. The SMO scripts shown in this book are all
written in Windows PowerShell 2.0.

This book also explains the need for SQL Server standards; and you will learn how to build a SQL Server
inventory over an existing or new environment.

Finally, you will learn how to perform the various SQL Server administrative tasks on servers in the
inventory, such as installation, monitoring, performance data collection, policy definition, backups,
restores, database scripting, and more, using Windows PowerShell 2.0.

How This Book Is Structured

Windows PowerShell 2.0 is introduced in the first eight chapters. If you do not have any background
in Windows PowerShell 2.0, these chapters are critical. They help you understand the basics of writing
Windows PowerShell 2.0 scripts, and you will learn how to use the scripts to administer the overall
operating system.

Chapter 1 covers installation of prerequisites, and installation and configuration of Windows

PowerShell 2.0.

Chapters 2, 3, and 4 cover the various cmdlets available in Windows PowerShell, and the various pro-
gramming features such as inputs, outputs, debugging, error handling, functions, profiles, and so on.

xxii
 Introduction
Chapters 5, 6, 7, and 8 cover the various systems administration features, including accessing file systems,
registry information, variables, and Event logs. It also explains the Windows Management Instrumenta-
tion (WMI) model and shows you how to use WMI to manage system resources.

Chapters 9 and 10 show you how to access the WMI providers for SQL Server. You will learn how to use
the WMI Provider for Configuration Management to manage SQL Server services and network connec-
tivity, and the WMI Provider for Server Events to manage SQL Server events. You will also discover the
new Eventing feature in Windows PowerShell 2.0.

Chapters 11 and 12 take on the Windows PowerShell support that has been integrated into SQL Server
2008, namely, the SQLSERVER: drive. These two chapters will focus on the SQL and SQLPolicy folders
separately.

Chapter 13 shows you how to write SQL Server Management Objects (SMO) programs in Windows
PowerShell 2.0. This chapter covers various tasks such as creating a database and database objects, and
backing up and restoring a database.

Chapters 14 and 15 provide you with ample examples of building a SQL Server tasks inventory over an
existing or new environment, and how to define various standards. Standards include both SQL Server
standards and Windows PowerShell standards.

The remaining chapters explain installation, data collection, monitoring, and how to create Windows
PowerShell scripts to handle a wide range of SQL Server administrative tasks for servers in the inventory.

Chapter 16 illustrates the installation of SQL Server 2008. Chapter 17 covers tasks related to collecting
SQL Server host and server performance data. Chapters 18 and 19 cover monitoring aspects of SQL
Server 2008 administration. Chapter 20 defines policies to enforce SQL Server standards, and Chapter 21
generates various scripts at both the database level and the database object level.

What You Need to Use This Book

This book covers SQL Server 2008 administration with Windows PowerShell 2.0. In order to use this
book, you need both a server-side component and client-side components:

❑ For the server-side component, you need SQL Server 2008 Developer or Enterprise or Standard
edition.
❑ For client-side components, you need Windows PowerShell 2.0 CTP3. To install Windows
PowerShell 2.0 CTP3, the operating system of your computer needs to be either Windows XP
Service Pack 3, Windows 2003 Service Pack 2, Windows Vista Service Pack 1, or Windows Server
2008. You also need to pre-install the following components on your computer:

❑ Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 or greater

❑ Windows Remote Management 2.0 CTP3 for Windows PowerShell remoting and back-
ground jobs

We discuss the prerequisites of Windows PowerShell 2.0 in Chapter 1 in detail.

xxiii
Random documents with unrelated
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have no objection Miss, and if you don't think as it would be a
liberty, us has all made up our minds upon having it christened
Clara, and please to say Miss if it be too high, or any way unfitty.
Father be 'most afeared that it sound too grand for the like of us,
but mother says as the Huxtables was thought brave things on, to
Coom and Parracombe a hundred years agone.
Please Miss, father heard to Coom market last week, as there's
going to be a French invasion, and they be sure to go to London
first, and he beg you to let him know as soon as ever there be one,
and he come up at once with the big ash-stick and the ivy on it as
growed in Challacombe wood, and see as they doesn't hurt you,
Miss.
Please Miss, the young chap as saved you from the great goyal
come here to ask for you, day after you was gone, and mother
believes he baint after no good, by token he would not come in nor
drink a drop of cider.
Please Miss, father say it make his heart ache every night, to
think of you all to yourself in the wicked London town, and he go
down the lane to the white gate every evening in the hope to see
you acoming, and mother say if you be a selling red and blue picturs
her hope you will send for they as father gave the hog's puddens for,
and us wont miss them at all.
And Miss Clara dear, I expect you'll be mazed to see how I
writes and spells, father say it must be in the family, and I won't
write no more till I have finished another dozen of copy books; and
oh dear how I do wish that you were come back again, but father
say to me to say no more about it for fear to make you cry, Miss. All
the little childers except the new babby who have not seen you yet,
sends their hearts' loves and duty and a hundred kisses, and father
and mother the same, and Timothy Badcock, and Tabby, and Suke,
and Beany Dawe, now he knows it.
I remain, Miss Clara dear, your thankful and loving scholar to
command,

SARAH HUXTABLE.
Signed all this here papper scrawl in the settle by the fire.
JOHN HUXTABLE his mark X
HONOR HUXTABLE hern X."

CHAPTER XVI.

I was much grieved at the loss of my last letter to Tossil's Barton,

because it contained my little Christmas presents for all the family. It
was registered for security, but I suppose they "took no count" of
that where the delivery of letters depended so much upon luck. Of
their Christmas present to me I resolved to give the surplus to those
who would be the better for it, and not (according to the usual law
of such things) to those who did not want it, and would make return
with interest. So on the Christmas morning Mrs. Shelfer and myself,
each carrying a large basket, went to the mews round the corner,
and distributed among the poor lodgers there, more Christmas
dinners than had ever entered those doors before; and how grateful
the poor things were, only they all wanted the best.
Now the school of design was closed for a while, and I worked
hard for several days at the landscape for Mr. Oxgall, though the
store of provisions sent me and the rent enclosed in the turkey had
saved me from present necessity.
On the day of all days in the year the saddest and darkest to
me, I could not keep to my task, but went for a change of thoughts
to the school, now open again.
It was the 30th of December, 1850, and, though I crouch not to
the mumming of prigs scolloped out at the throat, who block out
with a patchwork screen the simple hearth of religion, and kneel at
an ashbin to warm themselves; though I don't care a herring for
small anniversaries dotted all over the calendar, and made by some
Murphy of old; yet I reverence deeply the true feasts of Church and
Chapel, the refreshings of faith and charity, whereupon we forgive
and are sorry for those who work hard to mar them. Neither does it
seem to me--so far as my timid and wavering judgment extends--to
be superstition or vanity, if we dare to set mark by those dates in
our own little span which God has scarred on our memory.
In the long dark room so bare and comfortless, and, to-day, so
lonely and cold, I got my usual books and studies, and tried, all in
vain, to fix my attention on them. Finding the effort so fruitless, I
packed up my things in the little black bag and rose to depart.
Turning round, I saw on the table, where students' works were
exhibited, a small object newly placed there. It was a statuette in
white marble of a magnificent red deer, such as I had seen once or
twice in the north of Devon. The listening attitude, the turn of the
neck, the light poise of the massive head, even the mild, yet spirited
eye, and the quivering sensitive lip, I could answer for them all, they
were done to the very life. Truth, power, and elegance triumphed in
every vein of it. For a minute I stood overcome with wonder. If this
were the work of a youthful sculptor, England might hope at last for
something beyond the grotesque.
Before me rose at once all the woodland scenery, the hill-side
garbed with every shade of green, the brambled quarry standing
forth, the trees, the winding vales embosoming the light, the haze
that hovers above the watersmeet, bold crests of amaranth heath
behind, and far away the russet wold of Exmoor. The stag in the
foreground of my landscape, I feel so grateful to him for this
expanse of vision that I stoop down and kiss him, while no one can
see me. As I bend, the gordit drops from its warm home in my
breast. By some impulse undefined I lift the ribbon from my neck,
and hang the little fairy's heart on the antlers of the Devonshire
deer. Out springs from behind a chest full of casts and models--what
model can compare with her?--the loveliest of all lovely beings, my
little Isola Ross.
I hide the tears in my eyes, and try to look cold and reserved.
What use is it? One smile of hers would have disarmed Belial.
"It isn't my fault, dear. It isn't indeed. Oh, please give me that
cordetto. No don't. That is why I loved you so at first sight. And here
is all my money dear. I have carried it about ever since, though I
sewed up the purse not to spend it, and only once cut it open. They
made me promise, and I would not eat for three days, and I tried to
be sulky with Pappy because he did not care; they made me promise
with all my honour not to go and see you, and Cora came about with
me so that I had no chance of breaking it. And I would not tell them
where you lived, dear; but I led old Cora a dance through your
street on the side you live, till she began to suspect. But I could
never see you, though I looked in at all the windows till I was quite
ashamed, and the people kissed their hands to me."
Poor little dear! I lived upstairs, and could not have seen her
without standing out on the balcony, which was about the size of a
chess-board. If she had not been so simple as to walk on my side of
the street, she must have seen me ere long, for I sat all day near
the window to draw, when I was not away at my school.
I forgave her most graciously for having done me no wrong,
and kissed her with all my heart. Her breath was as sweet as violets
in Spring clover, and her lips warm and soft as a wren's nest. On
receiving my forgiveness, away she went dancing down the long
room, with her cloak thrown off, and her hair tossing all out of braid,
and her exquisite buoyant figure floating as if on a cloud. Of course
there was no one there, or even impulsive Isola would hardly have
taken her frolic; and yet I am not sure. She never thought harm of
any one, and never imagined that any one could think harm of her.
After a dozen flits of some rapid elegant dance quite unknown
to me (who have never had much of dancing), but which I supposed
to be Scotch, back she came out of breath, and kissed me ever so
many times, and kissed my gordit too, and told me never to part
with it. One thing she was sure of, that her Papa could not resist me
now, and when he was told of it I should come to their house the
next day. And she knew I was dreadfully proud, but would I, for her
sake, forgive her Pappy? Of course, he knew nothing about me, and
she had never told him my name, though she could not help telling
my story, at least all she knew of it; but he was so dreadfully jealous
of her, he did not want any one to have a touch of her glove but
himself.
 Looking at her pure sweet face, I could well believe it; but how
could he bear to see that dear little thing go three days without
food? Most likely she had exaggerated. Although she was truthful as
light, sometimes her quick fancy and warmth, like the sunshine itself,
would bring out some points too strongly. However, I was prepared,
without that, to dislike the Professor, for, as a general rule, I don't
like men who moralise; at least if their philosophy is frigid.
Nevertheless, I promised very readily to forgive her Papa, for I did
so love that Isola. Her nature was so different to mine, so light and
airy, elastic and soft; in short (if I must forsake my language), the
complement of my own. We chatted, or rather she did, for at least
half an hour; and then she told me old Cora was coming to fetch her
at three o'clock. Once more I rose to depart, for I feared she might
get into trouble, if the old nurse should find her so intimate with a
stranger.
But Isola told me that she did not care for her a bit, and she
had quite set her heart on my meeting her brother Conrad, the
sculptor of that magnificent stag. Perhaps he would come with Cora,
but he was so altered now, she could never tell what he would do.
Since the time she first saw me, Conrad had come of age, and she
could not guess what it was all about, but there had been a dreadful
disturbance between him and his father, and he had actually gone to
live away from the family. She thought it must be about money, or
some such nasty thing; but even Cora did not know, or if she did,
the old thing would not tell. It had made poor Isola cry till her eyes
were sore, but now she supposed she must make up her mind to it
all. But she would tell the truth, she did hate being treated like a
baby when she was a full-grown woman; how much taller did they
expect her to be? And what was much worse, she did want so to
comfort them both, and how could she do it without knowing what
was the matter? It was too bad, and she wished she was a boy, with
all her heart she did.
She went on talking like this till her gentle breast fluttered, and
her coral lips quivered, and the tears stole down her long lashes,
and she crept to me closer for comfort.
I was clasping her round little waist, and kissing the bright
drops away, when in burst a dark, scraggy woman, who must, of
course, be old Cora. She tore the poor child from my arms, and
scowled at me fiercely enough to frighten a girl unacquainted with
real terrors.
I met her dark gaze with a calm contempt, beneath which it
quailed and fell. She mumbled some words in a language or patois,
which I supposed to be Gaelic, and led off her charge towards the
door.
She had mistaken her adversary. Was I to be pushed aside, like
a gingerbread woman tempting a weak-stomached child? I passed
them; then turned and confronted the hag.
"Have the goodness, old woman, to walk behind this young lady
and me. When we want your society, we will ask for it. Isola Ross,
come with me, unless you prefer a rude menial's tyranny to a lady's
affection."
Isola was too frightened to speak. I know not what would have
been the result, if the old hag, who was glaring about, rather taken
aback, but still clutching that delicate arm, had not suddenly spied
my fairy's heart, as yet unrestored to its sanctuary.
 She stared, for a moment, in wide amazement; then her whole
demeanour was altered. She cringed, and fawned, and curtseyed, as
if I had worn a tiara. She dropped my dear Isola's arm, and fell
behind like a negress. My poor little pet was trembling and cold with
fright, for (as she told me afterwards) she had never seen old Cora
in such a passion before, and the superstitious darling dreaded the
evil eye.
As we went towards Isola's home, I could not help thinking how
fine the interview would be between Mrs. Shelfer and Cora, if I only
chose to carry that vanquished beldame thither; but sage discretion
(was I not now eighteen?), and the thought of that solemn day
prevented me. So I took them straight home, leading Isola while she
guided me, and turning sometimes, with complacency, to encourage
old Cora behind us.
The house they lived in was a high but narrow one, dull-looking
and dark, with area rails in front. Some little maiden came to the
door, and I took my leave on the steps. Dear Isola, now in high
spirits again, kissed me, like a peach quite warm in the sun, and
promised to come the next day, about which there could now be no
difficulty.
Old Cora bent low as she wished me good evening and begged
leave to kiss my cordetto. This I granted, but took good care not to
let it pass out of my hands; she admired it so much, especially when
allowed to examine it, and there was such a greedy light in her eyes,
that I was quite sure she would steal it upon the first chance; and
therefore I went straightway and bought a guard of thick silk cord,
as a substitute for the black riband, which was getting worn.
 And so I came home before dark, full of wonder, but feeling
rather triumphant, and greatly delighted at having recovered dear
Isola.

END OF VOL. I.

LONDON:
R. CLAY, SON, AND TAYLOR, PRINTERS,
BREAD STREET HILL.

*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CLARA VAUGHAN,

VOLUME I (OF III) ***
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CLARA VAUGHAN,
VOLUME 1 (OF 3) ***

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