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Chapter 01

The document outlines the course structure for Computer Architecture and Organization (CSW225) taught by Dr. Khaled Saada at Sinai University, including the textbook and chapters covered. It differentiates between computer architecture and organization, explaining how architecture pertains to programmer-visible attributes while organization refers to implementation details. Additionally, it discusses the hardware structure and functions of a computer, including data storage, processing, and movement.

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17 views17 pages

Chapter 01

The document outlines the course structure for Computer Architecture and Organization (CSW225) taught by Dr. Khaled Saada at Sinai University, including the textbook and chapters covered. It differentiates between computer architecture and organization, explaining how architecture pertains to programmer-visible attributes while organization refers to implementation details. Additionally, it discusses the hardware structure and functions of a computer, including data storage, processing, and movement.

Uploaded by

gimebi9146
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND

ORGANIZATION
(CSW225)
Lecture 1 Dr. Khaled Saada
Sinai University (SU)
Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science
E-Mail: [email protected]
Course Info

• Textbook:
— “Computer Organization and Architecture: Designing
for Performance”, William Stallings, 9th Edition, 2013,
www.williamstallings.com/ComputerOrganization
Course Overview
• Ch. 1: Introduction
• Ch. 2: Computer Evolution and Performance
• Ch. 3: A Top-Level View of Computer Function
and Interconnection
• Ch. 4: Cache Memory
• Ch. 5: Internal Memory
• Ch. 7: Input\Output
Ch. 1: Introduction
Organization vs. Architecture (1)
• Architecture: attributes visible to the programmer.
— Instruction set, number of bits used for data
representation, I/O mechanisms, addressing
techniques.
— Ex.: Is there a multiply instruction?

• Organization: how features are implemented.


Such details may be hidden from programmer.
— Control signals, interfaces, memory technology,
number of cores.
— Ex.: Is there a hardware multiply unit or is it done by
repeated addition?
Organization vs. Architecture (2)
• All Intel x86 family share the same basic
architecture.

• This gives code compatibility, at least


backwards.

• Organization differs between different versions


(e.g., Core i3/i5/i7, Xeon, Atom, … etc.)
Hardware Structure vs. Function
• Structure: the way in which components relate
to each other.

• Function: the operation of individual components


as part of the structure
Structure - Top level

Peripherals Computer

Central
Main
Processing
Memory
Unit

Computer Systems
Interconnection

Input
Output
Communication
lines
Structure - CPU

CPU

Computer Arithmetic
Registers and
CP
U
Memory Login Unit
System
Bus
Internal CPU
I/ Interconnection
O

Control
Unit
Structure – Control Unit

Control Unit

CPU
Sequencing
Registers AL
U Logic
Internal
Bus
Control Unit
Control Registers and
Unit Decoders

Control
Memory
Function
• All computers have the following functions:
— Data storage
— Date processing
— Data movement
— Control
Functional View of a Computer

Data
Storage
Facility

Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus

Data
Processing
Facility
Data Movement
• e.g., keyboard to screen.

Data
Storage
Facility

Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus

Data
Processing
Facility
Storage
• e.g., Internet download to a disk.

Data
Storage
Facility

Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus

Data
Processing
Facility
Data Processing to/from Storage
• e.g., updating a bank statement.

Data
Storage
Facility

Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus

Data
Processing
Facility
Data Processing from Storage to I/O
• e.g., printing a bank statement.

Data
Storage
Facility

Data
Control
Movement
Mechanism
Apparatus

Data
Processing
Facility

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