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Piezoelectric Accelerometer

The document provides an overview of piezoelectric accelerometers, which measure acceleration or vibration through the charge generated by piezoelectric materials when subjected to force. It highlights their features, such as being self-generating, compact, and capable of measuring high frequencies, as well as specifications like frequency range and operational temperature. Additionally, it briefly discusses current clamps and their working principle based on the Hall effect.

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tillukanwat
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24 views12 pages

Piezoelectric Accelerometer

The document provides an overview of piezoelectric accelerometers, which measure acceleration or vibration through the charge generated by piezoelectric materials when subjected to force. It highlights their features, such as being self-generating, compact, and capable of measuring high frequencies, as well as specifications like frequency range and operational temperature. Additionally, it briefly discusses current clamps and their working principle based on the Hall effect.

Uploaded by

tillukanwat
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Piezoelectric Accelerometer

ME-292
Experiment-02

Department of Mechanical Engineering


IIT Patna
Introduction
• What is an accelerometer ?
• An accelerometer is used to measure the acceleration or vibration of a
structure.
• A body is said to vibrate when it describes an oscillating motion about
a reference position.
• The number of times a complete motion cycle takes place during the
period of a second is called the frequency and is measured in hertz
(Hz).
• The most common type of accelerometers used are: piezoelectric,
piezoresistive, variable capacitance and variable reluctance.
Piezoelectric Accelerometers
• Piezoelectric materials are ionic crystals, which when stretched or
compressed result in the charge distribution in the crystal changing so
that there is a net displacement of charge with one face of the material
becoming positively charged and the other negatively charged.
• As a result, a voltage is produced.
• The force caused by vibration or a change in motion (acceleration)
causes the mass to change the shape of the piezoelectric material
which produces an electrical charge that is proportional to the force
exerted upon it.
• Since the charge is proportional to the force, and the mass is a
constant, then the charge is also proportional to the acceleration.
Features
• It is self-generating so it does not need power supply.
• No moving part to wear out
• Can measure high frequency
• Compact size and light weight
• Can be use in extreme temperatures
• Low output signal
• Preamplifier: the signal received from sensor is very weak, which is
further amplified.
• DAQ: it is responsible for encryption of input/output system, the
signal received from sensor is an electrical signal, and is not
compatible with computer.
• Example: Quartz, barium titanate, lead zirconate–titanate etc.
Mounting Clips
• The various mounting clips are designed to suit a variety of mounting
surfaces and are attached to the test object with glue or double-sided
adhesive tape.
• They can be mounted using threaded stud, wax or permanent magnets.
• The accelerometer is mounted in a clip via grooves in its housing,
making the accelerometer easy to fit or remove.
• The accelerometer should be mounted so that the desired measuring
direction coincides with its main sensitivity axis.
• Accelerometers are also slightly sensitive to vibrations in the
transverse direction, but this can normally be ignored as the transverse
sensitivity is typically less than 5% of the main axis sensitivity.
• Type of Accelerometer: Uni- and tri-axial
Specifications
General Type 4507
Weight 4.8 gram
Voltage Sensitivity (at 159.2 Hz) 10 ± 5% mV/ms–2 (98 ± 5% mV/g)
Frequency Range 0.3 to 6000 Hz (Amplitude (±10%))
Mounted Resonance Frequency 18 kHz
Max. Transverse Sensitivity (at 30 Hz, 100 ms–2) <5% of Ref. Sensitivity
Max Operational Continuous Sinusoidal Acceleration 0.7 kms–2 (70 g)
(± peak)
Operating Temperature Range –54 to +121°C
Current Clamps
• Current clamps (current probe) are devices with jaws that open up and
clamp around an electrical conductor to measure current.
• They are very useful as they allow you to clip the probe around an
existing conductor without having to disconnect and reroute cables.
Working Principle
• It works on the principle of Hall effect which is discovered by Edwin
Hall in 1879.
• When a beam of charged particles passes through a magnetic field,
forces act on the particles and the beam is deflected from its straight
line path.

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