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Unit 2

The document is a question bank for Unit 2 covering various topics in quantum mechanics, including wave functions, Schrödinger's equations, normalization, and quantum tunneling. It includes theoretical questions, derivations, and numerical problems related to quantum states, energy levels, and probability calculations. The content is aimed at assessing understanding of fundamental concepts and mathematical expressions in quantum physics.

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krrisgandhi10
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23 views30 pages

Unit 2

The document is a question bank for Unit 2 covering various topics in quantum mechanics, including wave functions, Schrödinger's equations, normalization, and quantum tunneling. It includes theoretical questions, derivations, and numerical problems related to quantum states, energy levels, and probability calculations. The content is aimed at assessing understanding of fundamental concepts and mathematical expressions in quantum physics.

Uploaded by

krrisgandhi10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 2 Question Bank

• What is a wave function? What are the necessary conditions of well-behaved wave
function?
A)
• Explain the physical significance of wave function.
A)
• What is meant by “normalization” of a wave function?
A)

• How to find the average or expectation value of a dynamical variable?


A)
• Define eigenfunctions and eigenvalues with proper mathematical expression.
A)
• Explain the significance of non-commutating operators with proper example.
A)
• Write the 1-D and 3-D time dependent Schrödinger’s equation.
A)
• Formulate time independent Schrödinger’s equation.
A)
• Show that the energy of a free particle is continuous by solving time-dependent
Schrödinger’s equation.
A)
• Show that the energy of an electron confined in a 1-D potential well of length L and
infinite depth is quantized. Also derive the normalized wave-function for the electron.
A)
Normalisation:
• Is the electron trapped in potential well allowed to take zero energy? If not, why?
A)
• Differentiate between bound and unbound states.
A)

• Derive the expression for wave-vector and energy of symmetric and antisymmetric states
of a particle confined in a finite potential well of length L and height V0.
A)
• Define quantum tunnelling. State the various factors which determines the tunnelling
probability.
A)
• Can a quantum particle have negative kinetic energy? If not, then explain the quantum
mechanical interpretation for resolving this apparent paradox.
A)
• Differentiate between infinite and finite potential well.
A)

Numerical Problems
• Calculate the normalization constant for a wave function given by (at t = 0)n

[A= (σ/√π)1/2]
• An electron is confined to a one-dimensional potential well of length 5 Å. Find the
quantized energy values for the tree lowest energy states. [1.5 eV, 6 eV, 13.5 eV].
A]

• Calculate the energy required for an electron to jump from ground state to the second
excited state in a potential well of width L. [Ans: h2/mL2].
A]
• Estimate the degeneracy of the first excited state of a three dimensional box by
calculating its energy and wave-functions. [Ans: 3].
A]

• An electron is trapped in an infinite potential well of length 2 Å. In the ground state,


evaluate the probability of finding the electron in the region x = 0 to 0.25 Å. [Ans:
0.0125].
A]
• An electron is trapped in an infinite potential well of length 2 Å. Evaluate the probability
of finding the electron in the region x = 0 to 10 Å in the first excited state. [Ans: 0.5].
A]
• A particle is in a state ϕ(x) of an infinite potential well of length 2 Å. It is a superposition
of two eigenstates
at time t = 0.
What is at time t? Also, calculate the energy and probability of finding the particle in
states and , respectively.
A] *NOT IN SYLLABUS*
• Determine which of the following functions are eigenfunctions of the momentum
operator (k is a constant): (a) sin kx (b) eikx (c) x4.
A]

• The wavefunction for a quantum particle of mass m confined to move in the domain 0
£ x £ L is given by
where N is the normalization factor.
• Normalize the wavefunction.
• Calculate the expectation value of x for the particle.
• Calculate the expectation value of p for the particle.
• Calculate the probability of finding the particle in the region from x = 0 to x = L/4.

• The state of a one-dimensional quantum system is represented by the wavefunction

for 0 < x < L with N being the normalization factor. Calculate the probability that a
measurement of the position of the particle will give a result in the range 2/3 £ x < L.

• The wavefunction for a one-dimensional particle of mass m confined to move on the


interval 0 £ x £ p is given by

with N being the normalization factor. Normalize the wavefunction to calculate N,


and then calculate the expectation value of the kinetic energy of the particle.

• The wave-function for a quantum system on the domain -ꝏ < x < ꝏ is given by

where a is a constant and N is the normalization constant. Normalize the wave-function


and calculate the expectation value of x2.

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