An IoT based Smart Eco-Meter with Real-Time

Energy Monitoring System

Kusumakar Kurapati Naveenkumar Tadikonda
UG Student Assistant Professor
Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department
Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College
Vijayawada, India Vijayawada, India
[email protected] [email protected]

Prabhas Kolapalli Sai Kiran Nagisetti

2024 International Conference on Sustainable Power & Energy (ICSPE) | 979-8-3503-6605-1/24/$31.00 ©2024 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICSPE62629.2024.10924347

UG Student UG Student
Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department
Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College Velagapudi Ramakrishna Siddhartha Engineering College
Vijayawada, India Vijayawada, India
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract—In recent decades, consumers have lacked the ability in detecting theft and tampering through instant notifications.
to control and monitor power consumption by individual appli- By leveraging IoT, the smart eco meter contributes to opti-
ances. Hence the electrical power consumed by all individual mized load balancing, reduced energy wastage, and enhanced
appliances must be measured, controlled and monitored by the
end user. An accurate power measurement cant be achieved operational efficiency, making it a crucial component in the
by using a conventional type of energy meter. To address this journey towards a more sustainable and eco-friendly future.
problem, we propose a system that eliminates manpower by self- [3] This shows how the smart energy management system
regulating meter readings and bill generation reducing the errors works by using Internet of Things (IoT) and also calculates
which are one of the major causes of energy-related corruption. the Energy consumption using ESP 8266 and updates the data
By using the implementation and design of an Internet of Things
(IoT), the above problems can be minimized. It is a cost-effective, in the cloud. Smart meter is combined with Home Automation
minimalistic, transparency and efficient. The smart eco-energy and can be used to monitor the real-Time electrical parameters.
meter will measure the individual unit power consumption of [4] This paper explains about the power control over the
the appliances. They provide accurate readings, eliminating the Light Emitting Diodes (LED’s) by utilizing the full bridge
need for manual meter reading and reducing errors. It also sends converter. It’s main aim was to deduce the losses occurring
notifications when it reaches the maximum load. We can easily
track our power consumption, and further consumers can easily due to switching frequency. Hence by incorporating the Pulse
pay their bills through net banking. Billing becomes automated, Width Modulation (PWM) technique for the dimming control
reducing paperwork and minimizing corruption. Additionally, of LED’s. [5] By using the Internet of Things (IoT) and
consumers can remotely control household loads. This project Microcontroller-based meter, the readings were governed for
aims to address these limitations by leveraging the Internet of every instant of time and notifies whether the electricity
Things (IoT) to create a smart energy management system.
Index Terms—Smart Eco-Energy Meter, Internet of Things,
tampering is found or not, In addition to that the consumer
Self-regulating meter readings. can have access over the appliances from anywhere in the
world. [6]
Smart eco meter is a modern device that helps us to
I. I NTRODUCTION
monitor our daily electricity usage in real-time. It connects
An IoT-based Smart Eco Meter with a Real-time Monitoring to the internet, and sends data to our database cloud. [7] This
System is an advanced device designed to enhance energy way, we can see how much electricity we are using at any
management and sustainability. [1] By integrating Internet moment and make decisions to save energy and reduce our
of Things (IoT) technology, this smart meter enables real- consumption bills. this smart meter enables Realtime tracking
time tracking and analysis of energy consumption parameters and analysis of energy consumption parameters such as energy
such as energy usage (kWh / kVAh), current (I), voltage usage (kWh/kVAh), current (I), voltage (V), and the system
(V), and Power (P) and also the system facilitates two-way facilitates to-An IoT based Smart Eco Meter with Real-power.
communication, allowing both consumers and utility providers [8] The system facilitates two-way communication, allowing
to remotely access and control the meter data. [2] This not only both consumers and utility providers to remotely access and
ensures accurate and efficient energy monitoring but also helps control the meter data. This not only ensures accurate and

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efficient energy monitoring but also helps in theft detecting and responsible for processing the data received from the PZEM
tampering through instant notifications. By leveraging IoT, the module and making decisions based on that data. The ESP32
smart eco meter contributes to optimized load balancing.were not only processes the data but also sends it to a cloud-
helping the environment by lowering our carbon footprint. [9] based platform or mobile app via Wi-Fi. This enables users to
The smart energy meter continuously measures the electricity monitor their energy consumption remotely, anytime and from
used by various appliances and systems in our home and anywhere. Through this cloud integration, the system allows
sends this information to our data-base cloud. By seeing for the real-time tracking of energy usage, providing detailed
how much energy we are using at any given moment,we insights and even forecasting future consumption trends. In
can make informed decisions about our consumption. [10] addition, the system can generate alerts to notify users of
we can identify which appliances use the most energy and any unusual spikes in energy usage, potential faults in the
adjust our habits to save on electricity bills. Additionally, system, or areas where energy efficiency can be improved. the
by reducing our energy consumption, Utility companies can 16x2 LCD display provides a simple, easy-to-read interface
also use this data to ensure a more efficient and reliable that shows the real-time energy consumption data, such as
power supply. [11] In summary, an IoT-based smart energy voltage, current, and power usage. This allows users to check
meter empowers to manage our energy usage more effectively, their energy usage directly on-site without needing to access
save money, and contribute to a sustainable future.The rise the mobile app or cloud platform. The LCD provides instant
of smart technologies has paved the way for innovations in feedback, making it convenient for users to monitor their
energy management, and one of the most promising devel- consumption at a glance. IoT based Smart Eco-meter involves
opments is the IoT-based smart energy meter with real-time two intelligent steps. i) Extraction of Data (from PZEM-004T
monitoring. [12] This system offering a more accurate and module) ii) Transferring of data (from the ESP WROOM 32
user-friendly approach compared to traditional energy meters. module) to ThingSpeak dashboard by using Internet of Things
[13] By integrating sensors and wireless communication, the (IoT). The steps in the proposed methodology of system are
smart energy meter collects and transmits data on energy represented in Block Diagram as per Fig.1. This block diagram
consumption in real-time to our data cloud.it allows users deals with the complete operation of the circuit of the smart
to monitor their usage at any moment, helping them make Eco-meter.
informed decisions about their energy habits. [14] In addition
to providing live data, the system can analyze consumption
patterns, detect anomalies, and even forecast future usage,
empowering users to optimize their energy consumption. [15]
The real-time alerts and feedback help identify issues such as
equipment malfunctions or energy wastage, making it easier
to troubleshoot and improve efficiency. [16] Furthermore,
the system can be connected to utility networks, enabling
automatic reporting of consumption data and facilitating faster
responses to outages or grid issues. Ultimately, the IoT-based
smart energy meter with real-time monitoring not only offers
convenience but also promotes sustainability by encouraging
smarter, more efficient energy use in homes, industries, and
businesses. [17], [18]
II. PROPOSED TECHNIQUE
Fig. 1. Block diagram of Proposed Technique
The IoT-based smart energy meter with real-time monitoring
system aims to make energy consumption more efficient and
manageable by using modern technology. This system is built
III. MODELLING OF HARDWARE SETUP
around three key components: the PZEM module, the ESP32-
WROOM-32 microcontroller, and the 16x2 LCD display. Power Supply: Provides the necessary voltage and current
Each of these components plays a vital role in measuring, to power the entire system, including sensors, the microcon-
processing, and displaying energy consumption data. PZEM troller, and communication modules. Voltage Sensor: Mea-
module is a crucial part of the system as it is responsible sures the AC voltage of the electrical system. Current Sensor:
for accurately measuring electrical parameters such as voltage, Measures the AC current flowing through the circuit. Micro-
current, power, and energy. This module is connected to the controller (ESP32): Acts as the brain of the system, collecting
electric load (for example, a home appliance or industrial data from the volt age and current sensors. Processes the data
equipment) and collects real-time data on how much electricity to calculate parameters such as power, energy consumption,
is being consumed. The data from the PZEM module is then frequency, and power factor. Sends the processed data to the
sent to the ESP32-WROOM-32 microcontroller, which is a cloud platform for storage and further analysis. The Wi-Fi
powerful chip that supports Wi-Fi connectivity. The ESP32 is ESP-WROOM-32 is a powerful and versatile development

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module based on the ESP32 SoC (System on Chip) from used in smart energy meters to display real-time data such
Espressif Systems. The ESP-WROOM-32 integrates Wi-Fi as voltage, current, power,and energy consumption. The ESP
and Bluetooth capabilities, making it ideal for IoT, wearable WROOM 32 collects data from the sensors, processes it, and
electronics, smart home, and other wireless applications. It displays the information on the LCD.
includes a dual-core processor, memory, and a range of pe-
ripherals that simplify wireless communication and control
tasks.The Fig.2 shows the EP WROOM 32 module. The

Fig. 4. LCD with I2C adapter

Hardware Setup by integrating all these modules the final

circuit is developed. The hardware results can be seen on
the dashboard of ThingSpeak Channel named SMART ECO-
METER, the data can be accessed by the End-User/Consumer
by using the Link provided by the ThingSpeak. (Read channel
feed). Consumers can monitor their energy usage in real-
time through an online portal or a mobile app, helping them
manage their consumption more effectively. The Fig.5 shows
us the complete hardware setup. Smart energy meters help both
Fig. 2. ESP WROOM 32 consumers and utility companies manage energy resources
more efficiently.
PZEM-004T module is a high-precision energy monitoring
device which is used for measuring the electrical parameters
like Voltage, Current, Power, Power Factor, Frequency etc.
This single module is more than enough for measuring all
the electrical parameters. The Fig.3 shows us the PZEM oo4T
module with the CT.

Fig. 5. Hardware Setup

Fig. 3. PZEM-004T Module The electrical load consumed by the end-user is directly
monitored by the PZEM-004T sensor, which measures pa-
The 16x2 LCD with I2C Adapter is used in this project rameters such as voltage, current, power, power factor, and
for displaying the digital data which was received from the frequency. The collected data is processed by the ESP32
ESP WROOM 32 module. It displays all the readings of WROOM module and subsequently transmitted to the ThingS-
electrical parameters. This module combines a standard 16x2 peak Cloud and also displayed on a 16x2 LCD screen.
character liquid crystal display (LCD) with an I2C interface, Data is sent to the dashboard every 15 minutes via the
enabling easy connection and control with minimal wiring. ESP32 WROOM module, enabling direct monitoring of power
From Fig.4 16x2 LCD with an I2C adapter is commonly consumption through ThingSpeak dashboard. By integrating

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sensors, microcontrollers, and cloud connectivity, The ESP32
is responsible for processing the data received from the PZEM
module and making decisions based on that data.

Fig. 8. Power Reading

Fig. 6. Voltage Reading

Fig. 9. Frequency Reading

Fig. 7. Current Reading evaluated its performance in continuous power monitoring

of the individual loads (appliances) associated in a home.
The ESP32 not only processes the data but also sends it to The hardware results can be obtained from the ThingSpeak
a cloud-based platform or mobile app via Wi-Fi. This enables Dashboard, the data in the dashboard is updated for every 15
users to monitor their energy consumption remotely, anytime Minutes. From the Fig. Fig.6, 7,8,9 can observe the digital
and from anywhere. Through this cloud integration, the system readings of the electrical parameters such as voltage, Current,
allows for the real-time tracking of energy usage, providing Power, Frequency of the respective load. Similarly, from the
detailed insights and even forecasting future consumption fig 7a 7b, the same data mentioned above is found in the form
trends. In addition, the system can generate alerts to notify of field charts w.r.t. time. It represents how the load varies
users of any unusual spikes in energy usage, potential faults in from time to time.
the system, or areas where energy efficiency can be improved.
The LCD provides instant feedback, making it convenient for
users to monitor their consumption at a glance IoT based Smart
Eco-meter involves two intelligent steps. i) Extraction of Data
(from PZEM-004T module) ii) Transferring of data (from the
ESP WROOM 32 module) to the ThingSpeak dashboard by
using the Internet of Things (IoT). The steps in the proposed
methodology of the system are represented in Block Diagram
as per Fig. 1 This block diagram deals with the complete
operation of the circuit of the smart Eco-meter
IV. R ESULTS AND D ISCUSSION
IoT-based Smart Eco-Meter is considered as the system,
and the system code is verified by using ARDUINO IDE. Fig. 10. Field charts of Voltage and Current
The proposed system is implemented for the monitoring of
the real-time data (i.e. kWh / kVAh / V / I / F / PF / MD) It can also observe the load parameters in the Serial monitor
for a specified interval of time (i.e. 15min) considered and of the ARDUINO IDE as shown in the fig.7a.The End-Users

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 It has an measurement accuracy of 91.39 %. By making use
of robust Encryption mechanisms like Advanced Encryption
standard (AES), it provides strong security and is efficient in
both hardware and software implementations & also widely
used symmetric encryption.Authentication mechanism like
Password-Based Authentication can be combined with other
methods for enhanced security like Multi-Factor Authentica-
tion (MFA), it involves two or more verification methods such
as password, security token and biometric verification.

V. C ONCLUSION
The development of IoT-based smart energy meters is a huge
Fig. 11. Field charts of Total power and power factor
step forward in managing energy use. These meters allow
real-time tracking of energy consumption, making it easier
are provided with a link, where the loads can be completely for both consumers and providers to understand and manage
controlled and monitored by themselves from anywhere in the their energy use. These meters can predict how much energy
world if Internet facility is provided. The link consists of the you’ll use, spot any issues, and encourage sustainable energy
details of the channel such as Channel ID, name, description, practices. This smart system helps save money and reduces our
and also the GPS location of the channel, the channel consists environmental impact, leading to a more sustainable future. By
of number of fields where the actual parameters were assigned developing an application, the consumer can have control over
to them. In the fig.7b we can see the complete data of the the home appliance even if they far away from their hometown.
ThingSpeak dashboard. The data can be easily retrieved just This real-time data not only helps in making informed
by simply pressing on the link provided by the ThingSpeak decisions about energy consumption but also promotes energy
Cloud, the link drives us to the cloud where we can monitor efficiency by highlighting areas where power is being wasted.
our data accurately. Furthermore, the system’s ability to alert users in case of
unusual energy consumption or equipment faults adds an extra
layer of convenience and security.the IoT-based smart energy
meter with real-time monitoring system offers a significant
improvement in how we manage and monitor electricity con-
sumption. By leveraging the power of the Internet of Things
(IoT), this system enables users to track their energy usage
in real time, both locally and remotely, through connected
devices such as smartphones or computers. By Embracing
this technology strives all of us for saving money, reducing
environmental impact, and taking a significant step towards
greener living. smart energy meters help us understand and
manage our electricity use better. They show us real-time
information on how much energy we are using, which helps
Fig. 12. Field charts of Voltage and Current
us save money and be more efficient.

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